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Biomedical subjects

P Gallien

Publications and source records attributed to P Gallien.

47 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Urination disorders in multiple sclerosis: value of urodynamic assessment].

Urinary troubles are common in patients with multiple sclerosis. The management of these troubles requires an accurate analysis. Urodynamic assessment was preformed in 117 patients with urinary symptoms positively diagnosed as suffering from multiple sclerosis. Urinary symptoms are not always correlated to urodynamic patterns. We have studied the correlation between urinary symptoms and urodynamic findings. Urodynamic results are similar to most of previous series: detrusor hyperreflexia is the most frequent abnormality, detrusor sphincter dyssynergia is diagnosed in 50% of the patients. There is some correlations with symptoms, but there are insufficient for an accurate diagnosis. Postvoid residue for urinary tracts infectious diseases, and sphincter incompetence for urinary incontinence are the main risk factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Detection of verotoxin-producing E. coli in field isolates from domestic and agricultural animals in Sachsen-Anhalt].

A report is given on the detection of verotoxin-producing E. coli (VTEC) strains from field isolates of healthy or ill cattle (n = 141), pigs (n = 306), sheep (n = 15), cats (n = 29) and dogs (n = 25) in the region of the new federal land Sachsen-Anhalt. 5% of the strains isolated from cattle, 32% from pigs, 20% from sheep, 4% from dogs and 0% from cats have shown VTEC. The E. coli-strains were checked for the presence of other factors of virulence, too. A good correlation (82%) was found between the colonization factor F107 and SLT 2/2v-containing strains from pigs in the region of Sachsen-Anhalt, too. Enterohemolysin was not found in SLT 2/2v-positive strains. 91% of the VTEC, isolated from pigs, produced alpha-Hemolysin. The correlation of SLT-containing strains and the production of enterohemolysin was confirmed for ruminants, only. Plasmidprofilings of VTEC from pigs showed mainly a 60 MDa or a 68 MDa plasmid or both, too. The occurrence of heat labile (LT) and in some cases of heat stable (ST) toxin was also checked, to differentiate the VTEC-strains from the enterotoxigenic E. coli strains (ETEC). These investigations showed, that VTEC produce SLT almost without exception. Correlations and conclusions on the pathogenicity for humans are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Heterotopic ossification and vascular compression].

Heterotopic ossification is common in patients with spinal cord or brain injury. Whereas the articular complications of heterotopic ossification have been well documented, the vascular complications are less well known. We report three cases with vascular compression and discuss the diagnosis and treatment in the light of a review of the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Urodynamics in functional rehabilitation].

Urodynamics is used as an help to aid the diagnosis of sphincter or bladder dysfunction mechanisms and as an evaluation tool of drugs (tests) or retraining (biofeedback). The following are used: uroflowmetry sphincterometry cystometry, electrodiagnosis. These data are recorded simultaneously. In rehabilitation medicine, a special place is given to the active patient's participation during the examination. This allows a good approach to voluntary control and micturition reflex.

Electromyography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Detection and prevalence of verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) in raw sausage].

We investigated 158 samples of shortly ripened raw sausages bought in supermarkets of Dessau within 4 month. In 14 (8.8%) samples Verotoxin-producing E. coli were detected. 13 VT-positive samples were found in the group of easily spread raw sausages. The 14 isolates belonged to 6 different O-serotypes. 4 VT1-, 8 VT2- and 2 VT1/VT2-producers were found. 4 isolates belonged to serogroups which were already described in WHO tables and associated with EHEC infections in human beings. One strain of serogroup O22: H8, isolated from a "Teewurst", possessed the complete virulence gene combination of EHEC (eae, hlyA, stx). The detection procedure, already successfully used for detection and isolation of VTEC from raw milk, soft cheese and raw minced beef showed a sensitivity of approximately 10 CfU/25 g of raw sausages. It has to be considered that VTEC are frequently (8.8%) present in shortly ripened raw sausages. The group of easily spread raw sausages has a higher VTEC-contamination rate than firm raw sausages. Raw sausages, especially easy to spread types, belong to the risk foods for EHEC-infections in human beings.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rapid and specific differentiation of enterotoxin-producing Escherichia coli strains from other gram-negative enteric bacteria using multiplex PCR.

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) may produce heat-labile (LT) and heat-stable (STI or STII) enterotoxins. Differentiation between ETEC and other pathogenic and non-pathogenic E. coli as well as other Gram-negative bacteria responsible for induction of diarrhoea, requires isolation, biochemical identification and determination of toxins (or their genes--elt, estI, estII). A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system for the rapid and specific detection of enterotoxin-gene-positive E. coli was developed. The primers described by other authors, specific for the universal stress protein A (UspA) of E. coli and enterotoxin genes were used and allowed a simultaneous amplification of the E. coli-specific uspA and the respective toxin genes. The specificity of this multiplex PCR system was confirmed by testing ETEC, non-ETEC and other non-E. coli bacteria. The specific 884 bp uspA gene and 280 bp (eltI), 166 bp (estI) or 278 bp (estII) amplification products were generated with the respective ETEC strains whereas no amplification was detected with non-E. coli bacteria. The multiplex PCR developed allowed the rapid and specific identification of enterotoxin-producing E. coli colonies directly grown from faecal samples of pigs with diarrhoea. The test may be used as a method for the determination of ETEC among other pathogenic groups of E. coli and other Gram-negative enteric isolates.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Methods for checking up screening tests for detection of shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) using PCR].

Methods for making check ups of STEC-Screening-PCRs by using internal and external systems are given. A control-DNA with identical primer binding sites in relation to the target-DNA (stx-genes) was produced and by HPLC-chromatography quantified. It was used in an internal system. But we had to use too high concentrations of this DNA for making the check up in each sample. A false negative result could be shown in samples with a low stx content as a result of this coamplification process. Therefore we used an external system. A control-DNA with heterologous primer binding sites in relation to the stx-screening-PCR and the special primers were given in each vessel. The optimized system was used for making investigations of some faecal samples from cattle.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Utilization of nylon membranes for specific isolation and characterization of verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli using DNA probes].

A method for specific isolation of VT(+)-strains in raw milk is given. DNA-hybridization technique with DIG-labeled PCR-amplificates as probes are the basis. No background is seen by using "DIG Easy Hyb" solution and nylon membranes for colony- and plaque-hybridization (Boehringer Mannheim GmbH). Marked colonies are visible on the membranes after detection. So it is possible to select these colonies from a masterplate. The results are available within one day (without enrichment and membrane preparation). After stripping the membranes can be used for a new hybridisation to detect another factor of virulence.

Animals↗