Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

P Gallagher

Publications and source records attributed to P Gallagher.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Alterations in liver blood flow and reticuloendothelial function in progressive cirrhosis in the rat.

Cirrhosis of the liver was induced in rats by twice weekly inhalation of carbon tetrachloride in conjunction with sodium phenobarbitone administration. At sequential time intervals during induction, liver blood flow and extraction efficiency of colloid were assessed in order to elucidate changes in these parameters which occur with cirrhosis. Liver samples were also taken for histologic examination and graded for extent of disease. Initially there was a fall in extraction efficiency (and thus reticuloendothelial function), associated with early histologic change. Subsequently extraction efficiency recovered, as regeneration was observed on histologic specimens. From 4 wk and onward, blood flow gradually fell, as did extraction efficiency. These changes were associated with increasing severity of disease as demonstrated by histologic sections.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Radioiodinated ganglioside GM1: a potential tool for the investigation of ganglioside function in vivo.

Ganglioside GM1 was labeled with 125I either directly or after conjugation to tyramine. Direct iodination of the sphingosine chain resulted in a compound which dehalogenated rapidly both in vitro and in vivo. The binding of the 125I[GM1-tyramine] conjugate to neuronal membranes in vitro was similar to that reported for 3H-GM1. The biodistribution of 125I activity after intravenous injection of 0.5 uM and 5 uM 125I[GM1-tyramine] in mice was also similar to that reported for 3H-GM1. This radioiodinated GM1 derivative might be useful for the study of ganglioside GM1 function in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Efficacy of ECT: a meta-analysis.

The authors analyzed several rigorously controlled studies that compared the efficacy of ECT with that of simulated ECT, placebo, and antidepressants. The data from these studies were combined statistically (with the Mantel-Haenszel method for the combination of fourfold tables), showing ECT's clear superiority over all these other forms of treatment for severe depression. The authors similarly analyzed the data from several studies comparing the efficacy of unilateral nondominant ECT with that of bilateral ECT and found no significant difference in their efficacy.

Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic↗
PubMed1984

Gastric sarcoidosis.

Two cases of gastric sarcoidosis are reported. Both patients presented with a history suggestive of peptic ulceration and the diagnosis of sarcoidosis was made after operation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Leukotrienes (LTB4 and LTD4): in vitro effects on human lymphocyte proliferation and transformation.

The effects of leukotrienes LTD4 and LTB4 on cell proliferation were assessed in a human in vitro lymphocyte transformation assay in the presence of optimal concentrations of PHA, Con A and PWM. Leukotriene D4 and LTB4 (10(-6) to 10(-11) M) did not alter the basal or mitogen-stimulated response. We therefore conclude that these two agents do not play a role in the modulation of human lymphocyte blastogenesis.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

Clinical comparison of Michel and Proximate clips used for abdominal wound closure.

For many years Michel clips (Down Surgical, Mississauga, Ont.) have been used to close wounds and results have been good, but several newer clips are now available (e.g., Proximate; Ethicon Sutures Ltd.), which are said to be easier to use and produce a better scar. However, they are much more expensive. The authors carried out a prospective controlled study in which 30 patients with abdominal incisions had half of the skin incision closed with Michel clips and the other half with Proximate clips. They assessed ease of insertion and removal, and appearance of the wound immediately after removal and 2 months later. Ethicon Proximate clips were, in general, slightly easier to insert, less uncomfortable to remove in 8 of the 30 patients and gave a better immediate cosmetic result in 9 patients. However, there was no difference in the appearance of the wound 2 months later. The authors do not consider that Ethicon Proximate clips offer an advantage over the much less expensive Michel clips.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1982

Immunohistochemical findings in cranial arteritis.

The cause of cranial arteritis is unknown, but the demonstration of immunoglobulin and complement in temporal artery biopsies by immunofluorescence suggest that it may be a disease of disordered immunity. Because of the inevitable problems of histologic interpretation associated with the fluorescent technique, 15 temporal artery biopsies from patients with active arteritis were examined by an immunoperoxidase method. Varying amounts of IgA, IgG, and IgM were identified in plasma cells and macrophages. Extracellular IgG was identified in 1 case, but there was no staining for complement. These findings provide no support for the concept of cranial arteritis as a form of immune complex vasculitis.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Intraoperative microscopy of bile--is it useful?

Direct microscopy of the bile was performed during cholecystectomy in 111 patients in an attempt to identify those with a high risk of wound infection. Bacteria were identified in 23 patients, 11 of 83 undergoing cholecystectomy alone and 12 of 28 undergoing exploration of the common bile duct (P less than 0.01). These 23 patients were randomly allocated to an antibiotic group or a control group; there was one wound infection in the antibiotic group and two in the control group. A total of 14 patients developed wound sepsis. Infection was more likely if the common bile duct was explored (6 of 28) rather than cholecystectomy alone (8 of 83). There was a poor correlation between microscopy and culture of the bile for bacteria and there was no increase in sepsis when bacteria were observed on microscopy. We were not able to identify a high risk group of patients by intraoperative microscopy of bile.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Molecular cloning and regulation of expression of the genes for initiation factor 3 and two aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases.

A 22-kilobase fragment of the Escherichia coli chromosome which contains the genes for translation initiation factor 3, phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase, and threonyl-tRNA synthetase was cloned into plasmid pACYC184. The hybrid plasmid (designated pID1) complements a temperature-sensitive pheS lesion in E. coli NP37. pID1-transformed NP37 overproduce initiation factor 3 and phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase. Gene expression from pID1 was studied in vitro in a coupled transcription-translation system and in minicells. The results suggest that the genes for initiation factor 3 and phenylalanyl- and threonyl-tRNA synthetase are regulated by different mechanisms.

Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases↗
PubMed1982

Role of autologous lymphocyte cytotoxicity in colonic neoplasia.

The T-lymphocyte mediated killing of autologous carcinoma colon cells was investigated. There was no change in the incidence of activity with advanced disease, age, or nutritional status of the patient and no difference could be demonstrated in lymphocytes extracted from blood, draining lymph nodes, or the tumour itself. Nevertheless. T-lymphocyte activity did appear to be specific for the patients's own tumour, as it was rarely observed with allogeneic tumours. There was also no correlation with lymphocyte natural killer activity. The in vitro studies demonstrated patient specific T-lymphocyte activity in 23 of 47 patients with carcinoma of the colon, but the results do not correlate with clinical and pathological findings.

Adult↗