Biomedical subjects

P Gängler

Publications and source records attributed to P Gängler.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Clinical treatment outcomes of periodontal therapy in HIV-seropositive patients undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy.

INTRODUCTION: Since the worldwide HIV/AIDS epidemic started, various oral manifestations have been described. However, scientific assessment of therapeutic outcomes of chronic periodontitis in HIV-seropositive patients, in particular undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), has not been addressed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 22 patients divided into a HIV-1-seropositve test group and seronegative control group were studied for 12+ months after receiving periodontal therapy by conservative scaling and root planning and maintenance care. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Periodontal inflammatory parameters improved significantly under the immune reconstituting influence of HAART without major statistical differences in both examination groups. According to this standardized interventional concept, HIV-1-seropositive patients with chronic periodontal disease can be treated successfully. The treatment outcome in maintaining the periodontal attachment is equally well represented in both clinically controlled groups.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Fear reduction in patients with dental treatment phobia.

In a clinical trial, we examined short- and medium-term reduction of dental fear in patients with dental phobia. Ninety-one patients selected one of two treatments or no intervention before oral surgery (control group). One group comprised a one-session psychological treatment and included 25 patients. The second group chose oral selected midazolam and included 30 patients. Thirty-six patients chose the control group. In total, 50 patients completed the study (10 controls, 20 in the midazolam group, an d 20 in the treated group). The degree of fear was assessed by the Corah Dental Anxiety Scale. Before the operation, both interventions caused the degree of fear to fall significantly compared with the control group. Two months later, the midazolam group showed a return to baseline fear, whereas the psychologically treated group showed further improvement. Medium-term results after one year showed that compliance and reduction of fear remained only in the psychologically treated group.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed2000

[Filling repair and repair fillings].

The possibility of repair of restorations have been regarded for long time as "patchwork dentistry" in standard textbook literature and university education. The current knowledge of the biohazards of dental restorations do not allow an unreflected attitude towards repair techniques. Since there is a lack of investigations on the indication and longevity of repair restorations this technique remains empiric in character. The survey discusses the indication of repair and re-restoration.

Ceramics↗

PubMed1993

Reactivity of young and old human enamel to demineralization.

The aim of this study was to determine the susceptibility of newly erupted and old permanent teeth to artificial, caries-like attacks. Two groups of caries-free teeth were used. Group 1 consisted of 38 teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons (9-12-yr-old children); group 2, of 40 teeth extracted for periodontal reasons (45-65-yr-old patients). After thorough cleaning, a test window was isolated on the incisal two-thirds of the buccal surface. After demineralization with 6% HEC gel at pH 4.9 for 8 days, longitudinal ground sections were prepared for imbibition studies in polarized light and for secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). In the young teeth, the lesions appeared to be uniform in their extension in the enamel, whereas the old teeth showed less marked and thinner surface zones and greater depth of the positively birefringent body of the lesion. Polarized light microscopy and SIMS data support the hypothesis that there are different enamel pathways in the initiation of the natural carious process.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1992

Determination of lymphocyte populations and subpopulations extracted from chronically inflamed human periodontal tissues.

The lymphocyte populations and subpopulations extracted from inflamed periodontal tissues of patients with adult periodontitis were determined. 34 patients were grouped according to the gingival index score (GI) of 1, 2 and 3. Gingival tissue from 2 involved teeth was excised, treated with collagenase, and infiltrating cells were isolated and identified using monoclonal antibodies for lymphocyte sets and subsets. The % of CD3+ cells was about 54.5% in all 3 patient groups, but the percentage of CD22+ cells increased from 28.9 +/- 3.3% in the group with GI = 1 to 33 +/- 1.2% in the group with GI = 3. %s of CD4+ cells and activated CD4+ cells increased from 30.2 +/- 2.1% and 4.7 +/- 1.7% in the group with GI = 1 to 38.4 +/- 1.2% and 16.0 +/- 3.4% in the group with GI = 3, respectively, while in the same groups, the % of CD8+ cells decreased from 24.9 +/- 2.0% to 17.7 +/- 1.6%. These data indicate a possible importance of activated CD4+ cells in pathogenetic mechanisms of periodontitis.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Defective function of blood granulocytes in patients with diabetes mellitus-associated marginal periodontitis.

In ten periodontitis patients suffering from type I diabetes mellitus, phagocytic activity, aggregation and chemiluminescence generation of blood granulocytes were determined. Compared to controls with clinically healthy periodontal conditions, the phagocytosis of zymosan particles and the aggregation response induced by the chemotactic peptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine were significantly decreased, whereas aggregation induced by the platelet-activating factor, a potent mediator of inflammation, was significantly enhanced.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[A clinico-histological study for the diagnosis and classification of spontaneous periodontal diseases in the dog].

Using standardized investigation methods periodontal parameters were proved for diagnostic application of spontaneous periodontal diseases in dogs. The diseases are classified in gingivitis simplex, g. granulomatosa, g. ulcerosa, g. hyperplastica, g. desquamativa, juvenile periodontitis, rapidly progressive p. and chronic p. This proposal can be used for further investigations in experimental dentistry and for therapeutic purposes in veterinary dentistry.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

[Individual plaque flora determination in periodontal diseases. Methods and standardization].

The dental plaque of 15 patients with gingivitis and of 15 patients with marginal periodontitis was won by means of two different methods of isolation and sampling. Either the plaque was sampled by a scaler with and without covering the crown. The estimation of plaque-microflora was done by microscopical and cultural bacteriological methods. Differences in the composition of plaque-microflora could be found in dependence of method used in isolation and sampling. Also differences in bacterial colonisation of different regions were found using the same technique of sampling. The subgingival plaque in marginal periodontitis was different of the plaque in gingivitis. In plaque-microflora of periodontitis the percentage of gram-positive cocci and rods was decreasing, the percentage of gram-negative and mobile bacteria was increasing compared with the bacterial flora in gingivitis. In the subgingival plaque in gingivitis streptococci and actinomyces were the predominant bacteria.

Bacteriological Techniques↗

PubMed1991

Clinical, radiographic, and histologic study of endodontic treatment failures.

One hundred fifty cases of endodontic treatment failures were studied clinically, radiographically, and histologically. Fifty-seven percent of the teeth were asymptomatic. Pain alone and/or associated with swelling was present in 21% of the teeth. There was no correlation between the size of periradicular rarefaction and the occurrence or severity of clinical signs and/or symptoms. Stainable bacteria were demonstrated in 69% of the teeth and were present mostly in the canal. The severity of periradicular inflammation was related to presence of stainable bacteria in the canal. Swelling and pain or a draining sinus tract was often associated with stainable bacteria inside the canal. The development of a radicular cyst associated with an endodontically treated tooth that has failed is not necessarily the cause of endodontic treatment failure.

Dental Pulp Cavity↗

PubMed1991

[Inhibiting effect of a pyrophosphate-dentifrice on calculus formation].

Anticalculus dentifrices containing pyrophosphate salts have been shown to reduce calculus formation. The purpose of this double-blind, cross-over study was to compare the effects of a pyrophosphate dentifrice with a placebo on supragingival calculus formation in highly calculus-prone subjects. 60 volunteers completed a compliance period during which meticulous full-mouth scaling was performed. Subjects were randomly assigned either to placebo (F-Antibelag Gel) or to the test group (F-Antibelag Gel + K4P2O7/Na4P2O7). Participants were told to brush twice daily with their assigned dentifrice, use only the brushes provided and to abstain from any other oral hygiene procedures. After a three month period a second full-mouth scaling was performed, and according to the cross-over design of this study the participants used the alternative placebo or, respectively, dentifrice for another three months. Baseline scores and control scores after 1, 2 and 3 months were obtained using the Volpe-Manhold-Index and the Marginal-Line-Calculus-Index. A micromorphological SEM Calculus Index was introduced using replicas from interdental areas of mandibular incisors (score 0-3). Both test groups showed significantly less accumulation of supragingival calculus of 25.5% (VMI) and 19.5% (MLCI) and significantly less SEM detectable calculus (24%) with the pyrophosphate dentifrice than with the placebo. It is concluded that the test dentifrice inhibits the formation of calculus.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Efficacy of prevention of periodontal diseases].

In the present study the results of individual programmes of dental care conducted in a selected population of young adults were shown. The periodontal status was recorded using GPM/T, CPITN, QHI index criteria. In the period of 18 months there was no progression of gingivitis. The severity of gingivitis was clearly reduced, but the percentage distribution was not influenced. The results of the study indicate directions for prevention, diagnosis and therapy. In order to reduce the incidence of the diseases dental care should be concentrated on the motivation and instruction of oral hygiene, plaque control and removal of dental calculus. The findings of the study confirm that a prophylactic programme can prevent more severe gingivitis and marginal periodontitis.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Clinical-controlled valuation of the conservative and surgical therapy by periodontitis marginalis].

The present investigation describes in a two years study the effect of conservative local therapy with and without surgical intervention and the reliability of the parameters (SLI, GI, SBI, pocket depth, attachment level and finally the microbiological examination (GRAM-technique). Reexamination was carried out in a recall system of 2, 4 and 12 weeks, also 6, 12 and 18 months after completing the determined therapy procedure. Analysis was carried out by means of the mean value, Student's t-test, correlation analysis and documenting the individual status respectively. Both treatment methods resulted in positive results. Individual variations among patients were noted. Deep pockets were initially more reduced by surgical intervention than by conservative local treatment alone. Principally, surgical intervention shows as a result more sites surfaces with progression of periodontitis than after conservative local treatment. Attachment loss is the most correct sign of periodontal progression. Decisions for surgical intervention should be based on follow-up documentation and individual patient reactions.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Microbiological parameters in periodontitis marginalis during local treatment].

Repeated professional removal of plaque and tooth-stone by means of deep scaling and root planning is able to avoid a further progression of marginal periodontitis. This therapeutical measures lead to changes in the bacterial composition of subgingival plaque. Important bacteria for the etiology of periodontitis are reduced. 8-12 weeks after therapy the recolonization of the complex periodontitis flora is finished. Therefore a repeated subgingival scaling is necessary to make the treatment successful.

Dental Plaque↗

PubMed1991

[Restorative therapy with amalgam-indication and long life time].

The pattern of restorative therapy with amalgam of 38 thuringian dentists were checked up over a period of 4 weeks. The indications of the 3644 in these time applicated amalgam restorations were in 42% of all cases primarily caries, in 22% secondary caries and in 24% noncaries caused reasons. Occlusal caries was dominant in adolescents and young adults. Patients older than 24 years had a higher risk of approximal caries and root caries is becoming a clinical problem in patients older than 54 years. 61% of the replaced amalgam restorations have had a function period over 5 years. Prevention, early restorative therapy and consequently a recall system in connection with correct indication are the most important factors for a long time of amalgam restorations and successful dental treatment.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[The progression of dental caries and marginal periodontitis in young adults].

Young adults show increased progression of caries and shallow periodontal pockets. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the epidemiological situation in a survey sample of young adult population and to derive a conclusion about periodontic and endodontic treatment care. For this purpose a longitudinal study was conducted for two years on 200 patients which underwent special examination. The frequency distribution according to the employed index systems DMF/T, GPM/T and CPITN has been evaluated by means of a computer dental analysis programme. The results revealed improvement of oral health conditions after oral hygiene instruction and control. Guiding principles for prevention, diagnosis and therapy are decided by the distribution of GPM- and DMF teeth. The early detection and treatment of caries beside the early diagnosis of periodontitis are of great importance whereby first and second molars show the highest progression rate of caries and periodontitis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[Animal and man--the problems of experimental and clinical research].

The freedom of science includes human rights and animal rights and allows experimentation in both animals and human beings in case of ethical approval. The interpretation of results should be based on phylogenetic comparisons. Animal experiments can fulfill goals in human and veterinary situations, as it is demonstrated by caries and periodontal research.

Animal Welfare↗

PubMed1990

Aggregation behaviour of blood granulocytes in patients with periodontal disease.

This behaviour was studied in 17 patients with severe marginal periodontitis and in 16 healthy controls. Aggregation induced by platelet-activating factor (PAF-acether), a potent mediator of inflammation, was significantly enhanced in the patients, whereas no significant difference was observed between patients and controls when aggregation was induced by the chemotactic peptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP). When the patients were subdivided into categories of progressive adult periodontitis, juvenile or post-juvenile periodontitis, aggregation induced by PAF-acether was enhanced in all three subgroups. However, FMLP-induced aggregation was slightly increased only in progressive adult and post-juvenile periodontitis, but decreased in juvenile periodontitis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

[Histomorphological studies on the topography of the inflammation progression in marginal periodontitis. A comparison of grinding and sectioning methods].

By using a combination of histologic methods (decalcified and nondecalcified sections) the morphologic information on topological characteristics of periodontal disease is broader. Inflammatory parameters of disease progression and stagnation are well documentable. Exclusively ground stained sections of nondecalcified specimen of the local relationship of gingiva, calculus, and plaque are able to characterize the topology of the periodontal disease progress and the typical liquid phase of subgingival plaque.

Decalcification Technique↗