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Biomedical subjects

P Fouillet

Publications and source records attributed to P Fouillet.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Genetic variability of the circadian activity pattern of Drosophila in a natural population].

With an actographic recorder (IR emitter), the genetic variability in the circadian rhythm of locomoter activity has been analysed within a natural population of D. melanogaster. The activity pattern shows differences between sexes and environmental conditions (photoperiod LD or continuous darkness). In free running conditions, the period and the amplitude of the activity peaks differ between isofemale lines.

Activity Cycles↗
PubMed1978

Alcohol metabolism in Drosophila melanogaster: uselessness of the most active aldehyde oxidase produced by the aldox locus.

Alcohol dehydrogenase is necessary for ethanol detoxification and metabolic utilization. It has been generally assumed that aldehyde oxidase (AO) produced by the Aldox locus (3-56.7) is necessary for a further transformation of acetaldehyde into acetate. We find that various mutant strains (ma-l or Aldoxn) which do not produce an active enzyme show about the same tolerance to alcohol as do wild strains. This physiological paradox is probably to be explained by the discovery of another locus (not localized) which produced a small amount of AO in all tested strains. The adaptive significance of the genetically polymorphic Aldox locus is probably to be looked for in physiological pathways other than ethanol metabolism.

Acetaldehyde↗
PubMed1977

[Genetic tolerance to alcohol in Drosophila: comparison of the effects of selection in D. melanogaster and D. simulans].

A strain of D. simulans and 3 strains of D. melanogaster having different initial levels of alcohol tolerance were submitted to increasing selection for at least 30 generations. In melanogaster, the relative efficiency of selection was inversely related to the initial level. In simulans, whose natural tolerance is particularly low, only a small increase was obtained. In all cases, tolerance increased progressively and could be considered as a quantitative character. These results are probably due to modifier genes of the alcohol dehydrogenase locus.

Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1976

Biological role of alcohol dehydrogenase in the tolerance of Drosophila melanogaster to aliphatic alochols: utilization of an ADH-null mutant.

The toxicity of the first eight primary alcohols and of four secondary alcohols was compared in a wild-type strain (having active ADH) and an ADH-negative mutant. Differences between LC50 measured in the two strains allowed an evaluation of the biological activity of the enzyme. In vitro, ADH is mainly active on secondary alcohols, while in vivo its main role is the detoxification and metabolism of ethanol. These observations suggest that originally ADH was involved in unknown metabolic pathways and that its utilization in ethanol metabolism could be a recent event.

Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1975

[Resistance to starvation in insects: importance of the amount of lipid reserves in adult Drosophila melanogaster].

At 25 degrees C, mean survival duration of adults starved after emergence varied from 58 to 112 hours, according to genotype and larval growth conditions. This duration was highly correlated with the amount of lipids. The great variability in the amount of lipids (from 15 to 35% of initial dry weight) seems to have an adaptative significance for adult survival in natural conditions.

Animals↗