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Biomedical subjects

P Ferrari

Publications and source records attributed to P Ferrari.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Species differences in the disposition and metabolism of 1-methyl-3-(3-pyridyl)-5-(2-hydroxy-methylphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole, a potential sedative-hypnotic compound.

1. Disposition and metabolism of 1-methyl-3-(3-pyridyl)-5-(2-hydroxy-methylphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole, a new sedative-hypnotic, were studied in rats (i.v. and p.o.), cats (i.v.) and human volunteers (p.o.) with 14C-labelled drug. 2. In rat and man, the compound is well absorbed, extensively metabolized, and excreted mostly through the kidney; it has short plasma half-lives, 0.6 h in rat, 0.9 h in man, and 1.9 h in cat. 3. In rat and man metabolism involves N-oxidation of the pyridine ring (Metabolite I), and in cat oxidation of the hydroxymethyl group (Metabolite II). Four other conjugated metabolites (III-VI) isolated from rat urine and bile, and from urine of cats and man, have been characterized. 4. The unchanged compound, but not its metabolites, crosses the blood-brain barrier in rat and cat. 5. The species differences in the disposition and metabolism of the compound are consistent with previous pharmacological data indicating a greater and more prolonged effect in cat.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Plasma concentrations of catecholamines in two strains of spontaneously hypertensive rats at different ages.

1. Blood pressure was measured and plasma levels of noradrenaline and adrenaline were determined radioenzymatically under basal conditions and after 10% blood volume reduction in blood drawn through catheters previously implanted in young and adult rats of two different genetically hypertensive strains: the Kyoto strain (SHR) and the Milan strain (MHS), and in their respective controls: Wistar--Kyoto strain (WKY) and Milan normotensive strain (MNS). 2. Under basal conditions no differences were observed between plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline levels in SHR and MHS rats and in the controls, at any age. Haemorrhage produced a greater fall in the blood pressure (P less than 0.01) of young and adult hypertensive strains (SHR-MHS) than in WKY and MNS rats, and a greater rise in plasma adrenaline (P less than 0.01). 3. These results suggest that: (a) there may be differences in involvement of the sympathetic nervous system in the pathogenesis of hypertension in SHR and MHS rats but not such as to cause differences in plasma catecholamine levels in either young or adult rats; (b) haemorrhage activates the sympatho--adrenal systems more in SHR and MHS rats, than in controls, and the greater percentage fall in blood pressure is probably due to a difference in reflex venoconstriction.

Aging↗
PubMed1981

Familial aggregation of cation transport abnormalities and essential hypertension.

The maximal rate of activity of Na extrusion by the Na pump, Na-K outward cotransport, Na-Li countertransport and the rate constant for passive permeability to Na, K and Li were measured in the RBC of 24 normotensive subjects with both parents normotensive, 45 hypertensive subjects and 24 of their normotensive offspring. The Na extrusion by the Na pump and the passive permeability to Na, K and Li are equal. The hypertensives have significantly greater Na-Li countertransport and smaller Na-K cotransport when compared to the normotensives. Na-K cotransport and Na-Li countertransport are positively correlated, thus suggesting some relationship between the two systems. When arbitrary normal limits are set the hypertensives are divided in three groups: normal cotransport and countertransport (22.2%) high countertransport (31.1%) and low cotransport (44.4%). In nine hypertensive families studied if either alteration was observed in a hypertensive propositus, this was of the same kind as the one in case observed in any first degree relative, whether already hypertensive or young normotensive. The observed alterations are primitive to the development of hypertension and possibly related to its pathogenesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Influence of metabolism on the activity of a new anti-fertility agent, 2-(3-ethoxyphenyl)-5,6-dihydro-s-triazolo [5,1-a]isoquinoline (DL 204-IT), in the rat and the hamster.

The activity of a new non-hormonal anti-fertility agent, 2-(3-ethoxyphenyl)-5,6-dihydro-s-triazolo[5,1-a]isoquinoline (DL 204-IT), effective in terminating pregnancy after i.m. or s.c. treatment, was tested after single and multiple oral doses given to rats and hamsters. Although the compound was absorbed well from the gastrointestinal tract and the plasma levels of the radioactivity administered were rather high and sustained, the oral activity was by two orders of magnitude lower than the parenteral one. The plasma profile of the metabolites found after both p.o. and i.m. administration indicates that the compound is rapidly metabolized. Seven metabolites (I-VII) were isolated from the urine of pregnant rats and fully characterized by MS, IR and NMR spectroscopy. They are 2-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-5,6-dihydro-s-triazolo[5,1-a]isoquinoline (I); 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,6-dihydro-s-triazolo[5,1-1]isoquinoline (II); 2-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-5,6-dihydro-6 beta-hydroxy-s-triazolo[5,1-a]isoquinoline (III); metabolite I-sulphate ester (IV); metabolite III-3-sulphate ester (V); metabolite I-beta-D-glucuronide (VI) and metabolite II-3-beta-D-glucuronide (VII). Metabolite I was shown to be from 1/10 (rat) to 1/30 (hamster) as active as the parent compound, while metabolites II and III were completely inactive. The very low oral activity of DL 204-IT seems to be due mainly to its rapid biotransformation.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1981

[Heteroarylalkanoic acids with potential anti-inflammatory activity. II].

A series of (1,2,4-benzothiadiazin-1,1-dioxide-3-yl)acetic acids was prepared so that antiinflammatory activity could be tested. Some of the compounds synthetized showed marked activity against plantar edema induced by carrageenin and/or dextran. It was found that in this series antiinflammatory activity is related to the nature of the substituents on the benzene ring as well as their number, dihalogen substitution being the most favourable modification and dichlorosubstitution in particular giving the compounds most active against both types of edema.

Acetates↗
PubMed1980

[Depopulation of rural districts and mental health: the Sassim study (author's transl)].

The present investigation is a study of mental diseases in Sassim, a little rural district near Pavia (Italy), in which there has been an intensive process of depopulation during the last 20 years. In this communication the A.A. discuss the first phase of the study: they have investigated the demographic development of population from 1960 to 1977 and prevalence as well as incidence rates of mental diseases. Depopulation hasn't been only quantitative, but has altered the structure of population and has presented a quite different decrease velocity during the examined period; the trends of psychiatric morbidity seem to be associated with the distinctive feature of depopulation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

The influence of sex and age on the incidence and type of aphasia.

The relation of sex and age to the incidence and type of aphasia was investigated in 200 aphasic patients. The following conclusions were drawn: (1) Males and females show language disorder with equal frequency. (2) There is a prevalence of non-fluent aphasics in males as compared to females. (3) Broca's aphasics are mildly, but significantly young than Wernicke's aphasics.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

A renal abnormality as a possible cause of "essential" hypertension.

The renal abnormality which causes hypertension in the Milan hypertensive strain of rats disappears as hypertension develops. Because of the many analogies between the condition in these rats and "essential" hypertension in man, the same pattern of change may occur if a renal abnormality is the cause of essential hypertension in man. This hypothesis was tested in two groups of young normotensive subjects matched for age, sex, and body-surface area; in the first group both parents were hypertensive, and in the second group both parents were normotensive. Renal plasma-flow, glomerular filtration-rate, plasma-volume, plasma-renin activity, plasma-concentrations of Na+, K+, and catecholamines, 24 h urinary excretion of Na+, K+, and aldosterone, and the cardiac index were measured so that renal function and the role of factors affecting blood-pressure regulation could be assessed. Renal plasma-flow was significantly higher (p less than 0.01) in the first group, whereas results of tests for all the other factors were almost the same in both groups. The hypothesis that a primary kidney abnormality causes hypertension in a proportion of patients with essential hypertension is proposed.

Adult↗