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P Faucher

Publications and source records attributed to P Faucher.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Management of pregnant women infected with HIV at Bichat Hospital between 1990 and 1998: analysis of 202 pregnancies].

OBJECTIVE: To describe medical and obstetrical prenatal care of pregnant women infected by HIV-1 emphasizing the role of cesarean section. DESIGN: A retrospective study of 202 pregnancies followed between 1990 and 1998 in a french hospital in Paris. RESULTS: 56.9% of the women were born in subsaharian Africa; 80.2% were infected by sexual intercourse and the seropositivity was discovered during the pregnancy in 51% of the cases. Viral coinfections by hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and Human papillomavirus were found respectively in 14.7%, 16.5% and 13% of the pregnancies. Prematurity occurred in 15% of the deliveries. Efficacy of antiretroviral therapy was confirmed in this study: 5.7% of the children were infected despite the antiretrovial treatment versus 19.3% without treatment (p < 0.03). Prophylactic cesarean section was proposed to the patients since 1994; the morbidity of cesarean was 8.8% (69 cesarean sections). CONCLUSION: The policy of the association of prophylactic cesarean section and monotherapy by Zidovudine is validated by recent studies. The extension of prophylatic cesarean section to all the pregnant women infected by HIV is proposed. However the evaluation of the morbidity of the cesarean section in HIV infected women needs a prospective case-control study.

Africa South of the Sahara↗
PubMed1990

Lifetime history of relapse from exercise.

Most research on relapse from exercise has investigated one relapse episode following a structured program. The present study examined the patterns and determinants of the lifetime history of relapse from exercise in a community population. Subjects were 1.811 randomly selected residents of San Diego, California who completed an extensive mailed survey. Subjects reported the number of times over their lifetime that they had exercised vigorously for at least six months and then stopped exercising for at least three months. Approximately 60% of subjects reported zero relapses, 20% reported one or two relapses, and 20% reported three or more relapses. Relapse histories of current exercisers and current nonexercisers were virtually identical. The most commonly reported reason for the last relapse was injuries for both nonexecisers and exercisers. Multiple regression analyses were used to identify correlates of exercise relapse history. These data indicate that cross-sectional surveys of exercise behavior are inadequate to characterize exercise behavior in a population, and injuries are probably a major cause of relapse.

California↗
PubMed1990

Breast Cancer Screening Project in Northeast Florida.

The American Cancer Society--Duval Unit, in June, 1987, helped organize a community demonstration screening project involving all hospitals and institutions with mammography units in the area. A Northeast Florida Cooperative Breast Cancer Screening Group was formed comprised of physicians and administrators from each institution. A total of 1,200 women agreed to participate in the project and each underwent complete screening including education, instruction in self-examination, physical examination by a physician and mammography as indicated according to ACS guidelines. Of the study group, 1,032 women were eligible for mammography at a participating center, and 628 (61%) underwent a mammogram at no cost to them as instructed. Twenty four (4%) had definite abnormalities which led to biopsy and seven (1%) of them had malignant lesions. The medical community organized to provide breast cancer screening and follow-up with low-cost mammography.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Identifying correlates of walking for exercise: an epidemiologic prerequisite for physical activity promotion.

This study was designed to identify correlates of walking for exercise in adults. Over 2,050 (43.4% response rate) responses to a mailed questionnaire were analyzed. Possible correlates of walking were based on learning theory and previous empirical observations. Respondents averaged less than 1 hr of walking for exercise per week. Women and older adults (greater than or equal to 50 years) reported significantly (P less than 0.05) greater walking than men or younger respondents. Multiple regression analyses were conducted for selected subgroups of respondents. Analyses were conducted on subjects who reported no regular vigorous exercise. Multiple correlation coefficients ranged from 0.32 to 0.48, and most reached significance (P less than 0.05). For the most sedentary subgroups, self-efficacy, family and friend support, and consumption of a heart-healthy diet were repeatedly associated with walking for exercise. It was concluded that an economically secure and well-educated Caucasian sample performs an inadequate amount of walking to ensure benefits such as prevention of cardiovascular disease. Longitudinal analyses are required to confirm the influence of social learning variables. Tentatively, interventions that increase family and friends' support for walking and that enhance perceived self-efficacy should be developed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A multivariate study of determinants of vigorous exercise in a community sample.

The purpose of this study was to explore the associations between several social learning theory variables and self-reported vigorous exercise and to consider the implications for exercise promotion. A random sample of adults in San Diego, California, was surveyed by mail. The 2,053 respondents (response rate, 43.4%) overrepresented Caucasian, affluent, and well-educated groups. A model of 24 variables accounted for 0.27 of the variance in exercise, and results strongly supported social learning theory. The strongest correlates were self-efficacy (i.e., confidence in the ability to exercise in specific situations), perceived barriers to exercise, modeling, dietary habits, support from friends, and age. Smoking was inversely associated with exercise in men only. We encourage researchers to conduct intervention trials to test the hypotheses generated in this study.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Long-term weight loss maintenance: assessment of a behavioral and supplemented fasting regimen.

This analysis assessed 18-30-month weight loss maintenance following treatment with both behavior modification and supplemented fasting procedures for 400 patients. Fifty-five per cent of the patients who started treatment discontinued prior to completing the program. Patients who completed treatment lost a mean of 83.9 per cent of their excess weight, but regained an average of 59 per cent to 82 per cent of their initial excess weight by 30 months following start of treatment. The combination of behavior modification and supplemented fasting regimens was a successful means of effecting weight loss. However, there appeared to be limited weight loss maintenance. Behavioral epidemiological studies are needed to identify variables responsible for maintenance of weight loss.

Adult↗