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Biomedical subjects

P F Boreham

Publications and source records attributed to P F Boreham.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Fibrinogen and fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products in the urine of rabbits infected with Trypanosoma (trypanozoon) brucei.

Studies have been carried out on the urine of rabbits infected with Trypanosoma (Trypanozoon) brucei to determine whether fibrinogen or fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products (FDP) could be detected. No fibrinogen was found but during the last two weeks of this 7-week infection low levels of FDP were present in the urine which did not exceed 5 microgram/ml. Rabbit urine was shown to contain a potent proteolytic enzyme capable of breaking down rabbit fibrinogen and both early and late FDP were present in the cleavage products. No deposits of fibrin were detected in the kidney, but casts were present in the urine suggesting renal damage. The most likely explanation of the urinary FDP is that either an increase in the glomerular permeability occurs allowing filtration of plasma FDP or a local fibrinogenolysis in the kidney tubules.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Alpha-adrenergic blockers in prostatism.

Thirty patients awaiting prostatectomy with no history of cardiovascular disease were selected for a trial of alpha-adrenergic blocking agents. Twenty-seven patients completed the trial, 19 of them with unpleasant side effects. Eighteen of them found their symptoms were improved and 10 showed urodynamic improvement.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1976

Hypotension in rabbits infected with Trypanosoma brucei.

1 Blood pressures and heart rates of 12 anaesthetized rabbits chronically infected with T.brucei were measured (average infection time 39 days (range 25-67). The systolic BP was 31.4 +/- 5.7 mmHg, the diastolic BP 25.0 +/- 7.2 mmHg, and the heart rate 120.5 +/- 24.2 beats/minute. Two rabbits were already hypotensive 10 days after infection. In 12 anaesthetized control rabbits, the systolic BP was 66.2 +/- 7.3 mmHg (mean +/- s.e.), the diastolic BP 60.2 +/- 7.3 mmHg, and the heart rate 116.3 +/- 15.9 beats/minute. 2 The intravenous injection of 3 X 10(8) disintegrated trypanosomes into infected rabbits lowered the blood pressure by 41.4 +/- 22.0%. Pretreatment of two rabbits with aprotinin prior to administration of parasites prevented the fall in blood pressure. 3 Injection of 3 X 10(8) live trypanosomes complexed with hyperimmune sera produced a fall of 68.3 +/- 38.4% in the systolic BP of normal rabbits. Disintegrated or live trypanosomes, or hyperimmune sera alone had no effect. Pretreatment of animals with aprotinin prior to administration of the immune complex abolished the fall in BP. 4 The results suggest that the profound hypotension in chronic trypanosomiasis is caused by complex formation of trypanosomes with antibody. Since it can be prevented by pretreatment with aprotinin, it is likely that activation of plasma kallikrein with a subsequent release of plasma kinins contributes to this effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

A study of the host selection patterns of the mosquitoes of the Kisumu area of Kenya.

The results of 12,168 precipitin tests on blood meals of mosquitoes of the Kano Plain caught by a variety of catching techniques indicate that to gain an accurate overall picture of feeding patterns both the indoor and the outdoor biotope must be sampled. CDC light traps operated inside houses and Monkswood type light traps operated under the outside eaves of houses were found to collect larger numbers of blood fed specimens from a wider range of species than battery driven aspirators collecting from natural resting sites. The results indicated that 7 mosquito species entered houses to bite man in appreciable numbers in the Kisumu area. These were Anopheles gambiae s.l., A. funestus, A. pharoensis, Mansonia uniformia, M. africana, Culex antennatus, and C. univittatus. Eight mosquito species were found to bite man and domestic animals in the outdoor biotope in large numbers. These were: A. pharoensis, A. ziemanni, M. uniformis, M. africana, C. antennatus, C. univittatus, Aedes circumluteolus, and Ae. ochraceus. From an epidemiological point of view, species with a narrow range of hosts are most likely to be of importance as vectors of parasitic diseases such as malaria and into this category fall the major man biting anophelines A. gambiae and A. funestus. Those mosquito species which switch from one group of hosts to another according to local circumstances are most likely to be involved in arbovirus transmission and in this group the following species must be considered: A. pharoensis, A. ziemanni, M. uniformia, M. africana, C. antennatus, C. univittatus and Ae. circumluteolus.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Some applications of bloodmeal identifications in relation to the epidemiology of vector-borne tropical diseases.

No attempt has been made to give a complete review of the value of bloodmeal identifications of haematophagous arthropods in relation to the epidemiology of disease but rather to choose certain topics of current interest. A brief review of the current techniques for bloodmeal identification is given with particular reference to recent studies on mosquitoes and sandflies using the haemagglutination inhibition test. New data on mixed feeding by Anopheles gambiae (a mixture of species B and C) collected in Ethiopia confirm the earlier work with A. sacharovi that interrupted feeding is important. Details of current attempts to measure the cryptic portion of multiple meals using blood-typing techniques are given. Information collected on the feeding patterns of Culex univittatus group and Mansonia uniformis from Kenya demonstrates that caution must be shown in interpreting blood meal analyses since sampling techniques as well as several other factors can affect the results. A recent survey of sandflies in West Bengal suggest that a dangerous situation now exists and an outbreak of visceral leishmaniasis could occur.

Aged↗