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Biomedical subjects

P Eriksson

Publications and source records attributed to P Eriksson.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The sinoatrial node in familial amyloidosis with polyneuropathy. A clinico-pathological study of nine cases from northern Sweden.

The pathogenesis of disturbances of the initiation and conduction of the cardiac impulse in cardiac amyloidosis has been a matter of controversy. In this study, we have analyzed the histopathology of the sinoatrial node and the atrial myocardium in nine cases of familial amyloidosis with polyneuropathy. Our results indicate that in this disease, amyloid infiltration of the sinoatrial node and the atrial musculature per se may account for the electrophysiological disturbances of these regions.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Age-dependent retention of [14C]DDT in the brain of the postnatal mouse.

Postnatal mice, at the age of 0 (newborn), 3, 7, 10, 15, 20 and 55 days, were given a single administration of dichlorodi[U-14C]phenyltrichloroethane [( 14C]DDT; 1.48 MBq/kg body wt.) per os. They were killed 24 h or 1 week post-treatment and the amount of radioactivity in the brain was measured. The most pronounced retention was found in mice receiving [14C]DDT on the tenth postnatal day. The activity found after 1 week was as high as that observed after 24 h, and it was also highest in this age category even though older mice displayed a higher activity 1 day after administration.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

Effects of DDT on muscarine- and nicotine-like binding sites in CNS of immature and adult mice.

Immature (10 days of age) and adult (60 days of age) mice were given a single peroral administration of 0.5 mg p,p'-DDT/kg body wt. or a fat emulsion vehicle. The mice were killed 24 h or 7 days post-treatment and the muscarine- and nicotine-like binding sites were measured in the cerebral cortex and in the cerebellum using [3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate ([3H]QNB) and [3H]alpha-bungarotoxin ([3H]alpha-BTX), respectively, as ligands. A significant decrease in the [3H]QNB binding to the muscarine-like receptors in the cerebral cortex was seen in the 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT)-treated adults after 7 days. The effects on the muscarine-like receptors appeared to be different in the immature mice compared to the adults, showing an increase between 24 h and 7 days post-treatment in the immature and a decrease in the adults. No change was seen on the nicotine-like receptors.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

ECG changes during lithium therapy. A prospective study.

The influence of long-term lithium treatment on the ECG was investigated in 53 consecutive patients. An ECG was recorded prior to and 4 and 12 months after institution of lithium therapy. The most frequently observed change during treatment was flattening or inversion of the T wave. Heart rate decreased and P-Q interval increased slightly during therapy. There was no change in the S-T segment or the Q-T interval corrected for heart rate. Our data indicate that well monitored lithium treatment of patients with serum lithium concentrations of about 0.6 mmol/l does not cause serious ECG abnormalities. In the absence of symptoms or signs of heart disease, routine monitoring of ECG is not necessary during lithium treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Pacemaker treatment in familial amyloidosis with polyneuropathy.

Involvement of the heart is common in familial amyloidosis with polyneuropathy (FAP) and is manifested by disturbances of atrioventricular and intraventricular conduction and dysfunction of the sinus node. Pacemaker implantation was performed in 20 patients with FAP in northern Sweden between 1968 and 1983 for the following indications: complete heart block (11), second degree heart block (1), sinus node dysfunction (5), and atrial fibrillation with a slow ventricular rate (3). There was a prompt improvement of symptoms attributable to a slow heart rate. Dislodgement of the electrode occurred in four patients; no other serious complications were observed. From our experience we conclude that at least one out of ten patients with FAP will eventually require pacemaker treatment. Cardiac pacing is an effective adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of FAP, although the ultimate prognosis depends mainly on the underlying disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Disturbances of cardiac rhythm and conduction in familial amyloidosis with polyneuropathy.

Sixteen consecutive patients with familial amyloidosis with polyneuropathy of varying duration and severity underwent 24 hour ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring. A high incidence of sinus node dysfunction, supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias, and disturbances of atrioventricular conduction was found. Considerably more arrhythmias and disturbances of conduction were detected by long term electrocardiographic monitoring than by conventional 12 lead electrocardiograms. During a follow up period of three to 14 months five patients needed treatment by a pacemaker, three of them because of symptomatic complete heart block, one because of second degree heart block with heart failure, and one because of symptomatic dysfunction of the sinus node. The tachyarrhythmias did not require specific treatment. Long term electrocardiographic monitoring is a useful adjunct in the evaluation of patients with familial amyloidosis with polyneuropathy as it may detect otherwise unrecognised symptomatic disturbances of heart rhythm. The results may be valid also for other forms of amyloidosis involving the heart.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Non-invasive assessment of the presence and severity of cardiac amyloidosis. A study in familial amyloidosis with polyneuropathy by cross sectional echocardiography and technetium-99m pyrophosphate scintigraphy.

Twelve patients with familial amyloidosis with polyneuropathy were examined both by cross sectional echocardiography and by technetium-99m pyrophosphate scintigraphy to assess involvement of the heart non-invasively. All 12 patients had echocardiographic abnormalities. The most prominent findings were highly refractile myocardial echoes, thickened heart valves, and increased thickness of the heart walls. Four patients had abnormal myocardial uptake of technetium-99m pyrophosphate. The remaining eight had equivocal or no myocardial uptake and were considered to have normal scintigrams. A certain amount of amyloid is probably required to produce an abnormal scintigram, although lesions with less amyloid can evidently be identified by echocardiography. Neither the duration of polyneuropathy nor its severity showed any relation to the echocardiographic or scintigraphic findings. It is concluded that cross sectional echocardiography is superior to technetium-99m pyrophosphate scintigraphy in detecting cardiac involvement in familial amyloidosis with polyneuropathy and that these results may also be applicable to other forms of amyloidosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The cardiac atrioventricular conduction system in familial amyloidosis with polyneuropathy. A clinico-pathologic study of six cases from Northern Sweden.

Cardiac conduction disturbances are frequent in amyloidosis with cardiac involvement, but the pathogenesis of these electrocardiographic abnormalities is not clear. In the present study, the conduction systems in six patients with the Swedish variety of familial amyloidosis with polyneuropathy (FAP), have been analyzed. The results suggest that in FAP, direct amyloid infiltration of the atrioventricular conduction system accounts for the majority of the electrocardiographic disturbances.

Adams-Stokes Syndrome↗
PubMed1979

Isochromosome 17 in a patient with a myeloproliferative disorders terminating in eosinophilic leukemia.

A patient is described, who for more than two years had a myeloproliferative disorder which terminated in eosinophilic leukemia. Chromosome analysis revealed an isochromosome 17 in all metaphases of bone marrow cells. This abnormality has now been found in two out of six patients with eosinophilic leukemia investigated by banding techniques, and may therefore have etiologic importance. Chromosome analysis in the hypereosinophilic syndrome has practical value for differentiating malignant and non-malignant disease.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Serum antibodies to diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine components in Argentine children.

The Argentine vaccination schedule against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis (DTP) recommends three doses of DTP vaccine at 2, 4 and 6 months of age, two boosters at 18 months and 6 years, a booster dose of tetanus vaccine every 10 years and two doses during pregnancy. To evaluate the effect of this schedule, antibodies against pertussis toxin (PT) and filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) and against tetanus and diphtheria toxoids were determined by ELISA in serum samples from children (1 month to 6 years) who received different doses of DPT vaccine: 0 dose (n = 50), 1 dose (n = 25), 2 doses (n = 25), 3 doses (n = 55), first and second booster (n = 25); 25 pregnant women and their offspring, and 45 adults. High antibody levels against PT (> 140 EU/ml) and FHA (> 80 EU/ml) were recorded in mothers and in the newborn. Antibody titers against PT increased with the number of doses given and decreased with time. Full protection against tetanus (titers > 0.1 IU/ml) was observed in the group of adults (0.37 IU/ml), in mothers (4.4 IU/ml) and their newborn offspring (5.5 IU/ml), and in children after receiving the second dose of DTP vaccine (1.86 IU/ml). The immune status for diphtheria was far lower, as most of the groups lacked adequate protection. After the third dose of DTP vaccine, only 78% of the children had antibody titers above the protective level (0.1 IU/ml). Since antibody levels considered to provide full protection were only achieved after the first booster dose of DTP vaccine, the primary three-dose schedule seems to be insufficient to confer adequate immunity in all vaccinees. Because of the high proportion of non-protected adults, a booster dose of Td vaccine should be considered for this group.

Adhesins, Bacterial↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Changes in behavior and muscarinic receptor density after neonatal and adult exposure to bioallethrin.

Throughout life, mammals are exposed to environmental toxicants, some of which have acute effects on the nervous system. Early, low-dose exposure in combination with later re-exposure and possible interference with normal aging have been little studied. The present study revealed increased susceptibility in adult mice, exposed neonatally to a low dose of the insecticide bioallethrin, to renewed exposure to bioallethrin as adults. Ten-day-old Naval Medical Research Institute male mice received bioallethrin orally (0.7 mg per kg body weight per day for 7 days). When aged 5 months they were given the same dose of bioallethrin by gavage. Twenty-four hours after the last administration, a spontaneous motor activity test revealed significant aberrations in mice exposed both neonatally and as adults to bioallethrin. The density of muscarinic receptors was significantly increased. When aged 7 months, spontaneous behavioral disturbances and muscarinic receptor changes persisted and learning and memory deficits had developed. These results indicate that neonatal exposure to bioallethrin has the potential to increase susceptibility of the adult mouse to a new exposure at a dosage that does not have any effect in animals treated neonatally with vehicle.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Differential expression of muscarinic subtype mRNAs after exposure to neurotoxic pesticides.

We have recently reported an increase in the density of muscarinic cholinergic receptors in mice neonatally exposed to a persistent environmental agent, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), and a subsequent exposure as adults to nonpersistent toxicants, such as bioallethrin or paraoxon. Here we have examined the effects of an exposure like this on muscarinic receptor mRNA expression. Ten-day-old Naval Medical Research Institute mice received a single oral dose of DDT (0.5 mg/kg body weight). When aged 5 months, they received bioallethrin (0.7 mg/kg body weight per day for 7 days) or paraoxon (1.4 mg/kg body weight every second day for 7 days). mRNA expression of subtypes m1, m3, and m4 was studied in 7-month-old animals. Changes could only be discovered in the DDT-bioallethrin treated mice, where expression of subtype m4 was elevated in cortex and caudate putamen. Moreover, the expression pattern of the subtypes m1, m3, and m4 in mouse brains was found to be very similar to that seen in rats, except for slight differences in the pyramidal cell layer of the hippocampus, where the outermost part of the CA3 region did not show any m4 hybridization. The present study indicates that the earlier observed increase in muscarinic receptor density in mice exposed as neonates to DDT and as adults to bioallethrin can be attributed to changes in the expression of m4.

Age Factors↗