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Biomedical subjects

P Eng

Publications and source records attributed to P Eng.

62 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Effects of the glutamate analogue AMPA and its interaction with antagonists on cultured rat spinal and brain stem neurones.

Glutamate and the glutamate analogue AMPA ((RS)-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid) caused depolarizations of cultured rat spinal and brainstem neurones which were reversibly antagonized by the glutamate antagonist glutamic acid diethylester (GDEE) but not by 2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (APV), an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist. In contrast, depolarizations by NMDA were blocked by APV but not by GDEE. These results suggest that the depolarization by AMPA is caused by the activation of glutamate/quisqualate-preferring receptors.

2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate↗
PubMed1976

Metabolic cost of grade running in dogs.

Dogs (Canis familiaris) were run up and down 7.4, 11.8, and 20.4% grades as well as on the horizontal at speeds of 3 and 6 km/h while their steady-state oxygen comsumption was measured. On positive grades the metabolism was directly dependent on both grade and speed. On the negative grades the metabolic rates were dependent only on speed and for each dog were depressed about the same amount below the metabolism needed for horizontal running at each speed. The clustering of the metabolic rates for the downhill slopes means that to cover a given distance gorizontally and downhill the dog will use the minimum energy if it descends via the gentlest grade. This is so because such a route allows the animal to maintain the lowest metabolism for the longest time. There is no best uphill route. The grade metabolism of the dogs was an almost exact duplicate of that found for humans running on grades which implies similarity of mechanical and biochemical aspects of running.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bullectomies for bullous sarcoidosis.

A 36-year-old woman presented with respiratory insufficiency due to cystic sarcoidosis. She had been previously treated with multiple courses of prednisone without improvement. Enlarging blebs involving both lower lobes impaired the function of the relatively spared upper lobes. Bilateral lower lobectomies were performed in one step via median sternotomy without complications, with prompt subjective and objective improvement of her respiratory status. One-stage bilateral upper-lobe bullectomy for bullous emphysema has been previously reported, but to our knowledge this is the first performance of one-stage bilateral lower-lobe bullectomies for cystic sarcoidosis. The immediate benefits were evident; long-term results will depend on the course of the underlying disease.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pleural changes in malignant pleural effusions: appearance on computed tomography.

BACKGROUND: Tumors metastatic to the pleura are a leading cause of pleural effusions. The computed tomographic (CT) appearance of malignant pleural effusions varies from uniformly low attenuation without pleural abnormalities to thickened, irregular, contrast-enhanced pleura with or without discrete masses. There may be associated changes in the subcostal tissues. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of abnormalities observed with CT scanning in patients with malignant pleural effusion. METHODS: We analyzed the CT appearance of the pleura in 86 patients with documented malignant pleural effusions. Patients with primary malignancy of the pleura (mesothelioma) were excluded. RESULTS: In 98% of the malignant effusions the fluid was homogeneous. Focal tumor masses were identified within the effusion in 10%. CT evidence of fluid loculation was seen in 40%. Pleural thickening, either smooth or irregular, was identified in 62%. CONCLUSIONS: The transaxial anatomic display afforded by CT scanning facilitates demonstration of several features that should arouse the suspicion of the radiologist and the clinician to the possibility of malignancy involving the pleura.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fracutres of the proximal tibia and tibial condyles: a clinical and laboratory comparative study.

Angulatory deformities frequently develop following condylar and proximal diaphyseal tibial fractures. Laboratory studies conducted in cadaver specimens with artificially created fractures closely resembled the behavior of fractures treated with functional braces. Providing that the fibula factor is properly assessed, selected condylar and proximal tibial shaft fractures can be successfully treated by nonsurgical means including early knee motion in a brace followed by graduated weight-bearing ambulation.

Adolescent↗