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Biomedical subjects

P Ellis

Publications and source records attributed to P Ellis.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Muscarinic and nicotinic mechanisms in the responses of the adrenal medulla of the dog and cat to reflex stimuli and to cholinomimetic drugs.

In isolated perfused adrenal glands of the cat, muscarinic and nicotinic agonists selectively released adrenaline and noradrenaline respectively. In isolated perfused adrenal glands of the dog, the output of adrenaline and noradrenaline remained in a fixed ratio at rest and when stimulated by muscarinic or by nicotinic agonists. In the anaesthetized dog, a combination of muscarinic and nicotinic antagonists was needed to block reflex responses of the adrenal medulla. A nicotinic antagonist was more effective in blocking the baroreceptor reflex response than the chemoreceptor reflex response.

Adrenal Medulla↗
PubMed1985

Recreational softball injuries.

Every patient who presented to an urban teaching hospital's emergency department during one season complaining of an injury sustained while playing softball was interviewed to determine the parameters of play associated with the injury. Trends were noticed toward increased frequency of injury to experienced players late in the season. A fall was the most common mechanism of injury, and player location at the time of injury was equally divided between the basepath and defense. Very few players were injured at bat. No conclusion could be drawn about the protection afforded a player from the use of a mitt or cleats. The relative rate of injury was estimated to be 2.26 injuries per 1,000 players per day, making the risk of injury for softball participants about 50% of that for recreational skiers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

De Clérambault's syndrome--a nosological entity?

The consistency of de Clérambault's syndrome and its relationship to other diagnostic labels is examined in terms of operational criteria derived from the original description of the syndrome. Five new cases of erotic delusions are examined, and 53 cases reported in the recent literature are reviewed; none of these completely satisfies the diagnostic criteria, while the majority of patients actually suffered from another disorder, most commonly schizophrenia. The justification for the retention of the syndrome as a nosological entity is discussed, and it is argued that the term should be seen as principally of historical interest.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

Family structure and dating behavior of adolescents.

This study investigated the effect of family structure on previous dating behavior of older adolescents, and examined the relationship of family structure, family relationship variables, and personal attributes to previous dating behaviors. Data were obtained from 96 males and 81 females enrolled in human development courses at two midwestern universities; 122 were from intact, nuclear families and 55 were from nonintact families. The Dating and Courtship Behavior Questionnaire, adapted from questionnaires by Winch (1949a) and Landis (1963), was administered to subjects during regular class periods. Family structure did not have an effect on number of partners or steadies, but adolescents from nonintact households began dating at younger ages than those from intact households. Personal attributes were more often related to dating behaviors than family structure or family relationship variables. Little support was found for the proposition that dating behaviors were affected by family structure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Haemoglobin E variants: a clinical, haematological and biosynthetic study of 4 South African families.

The clinical, haematological and biosynthetic features of subjects with Hb E variants are described. An association with red cell hypochromia and microcytosis was confirmed, although this was not invariable in Hb E trait. Imbalanced globin chain synthesis was found in the majority of Hb E carriers. A patient doubly heterozygous for Hb E and Hb S, a condition we have not previously seen reported, had a benign clinical course with minor haematological changes, despite a relatively large amount of Hb S (67%).

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The role of the pituitary-adrenocortical axis in reflex responses of the adrenal medulla of the dog.

1. The release of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla, in response to carotid body hypoxia, may outlast the stimulus by more than 30 min. 2. After denervation of the adrenal gland the immediate release of catecholamines in response to carotid hypoxia is abolished, but the prolonged release remains. 3. The prolonged release of catecholamines is abolished by cycloheximide. 4. Both corticotrophin in vivo and hydrocortisone in the isolated perfused adrenal gland release adrenomedullary catecholamines. 5. It is concluded that a component of the response of the adrenal medulla to carotid body hypoxia is mediated by corticotrophin and corticosteroid release.

Adrenal Medulla↗
PubMed1980

The reflex release of adrenaline and noradrenaline from the adrenal glands of cats and dogs.

1. We have studied the release of noradrenaline and adrenaline from the adrenal glands of dogs and cats in response to the lowering of carotid sinus pressure (baroreceptor tests) and to the perfusion of the vascularly isolated carotid bifurcations with hypoxic blood (chemoreceptor tests). 2. In cats, the resting output of catecholamines had a ratio of noradrenaline to adrenaline of 1:1. The ratio in the incremental release during baroreceptor tests rose to 3:1, and during chemoreceptor tests it fell to 1:6. 3. In dogs, the ratio of noradrenaline to adrenaline at rest was 1:4. The ratio did not change over a wide range of outputs during baroreceptor tests, chemoreceptor tests and splanchnic nerve stimulation. 4. The release of catecholamines in response to baroreceptor tests in the cat was abolished by hexamethomium bromide at doses that did not diminish the response to chemoreceptor tests.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1966

Seesaw nystagmus.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reaction of colloidal silica with membranes of intact mammalian cells.

Colloidal silical particles were produced at a size that permitted reaction with human erythrocytes and rat macrophages without affecting cell integrity. Binding of colloid was shown by increased electrophoretic mobility of red cells and also resulted in changes in the surface topography of red cells as seen with scanning electron microscopy. The degree to which colloid binds to red cells was determined by microprobe analysis of single intact cells. Furthermore, the capacity of red cells to bind silica was increased if sialic acid residues were removed enzymatically from the cell surface.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Correlation between second trimester maternal serum inhibin-A and human chorionic gonadotrophin for the prediction of pre-eclampsia.

We aimed to investigate the relationship between inhibin-A and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) concentrations in the second trimester in the same cohort of women and compare their screening efficiency for the subsequent development of pre-eclampsia. The main outcome measures were pre-eclampsia and pre-eclampsia requiring delivery before 37 weeks.We carried out a retrospective examination of inhibin-A and free beta-hCG levels taken between 15 and 19 weeks of gestation, from 685 women. The values were corrected for weight and gestation and presented as multiples of the median (MoM). Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves for the prediction of pre-eclampsia and pre-eclampsia requiring delivery before 37 weeks were created for both analytes alone and in combination. Based on this data the sensitivities for the prediction of pre-eclampsia using inhibin-A and hCG, alone and in combination were examined for a specificity of 90 per cent.Thirty-five (5.5 per cent) women developed pre-eclampsia, of whom 15 (2.7 per cent) required delivery before term as a result of pre-eclampsia. There was no correlation between inhibin-A and hCG for the whole population (r=0.08) but there was a significant correlation for women who subsequently developed pre-eclampsia (r=0.648) or preterm pre-eclampsia (r=0.84). For a specificity of 90 per cent the sensitivity using inhibin-A was significantly better than for hCG (48.6 per cent versus 31.4 per cent, P< 0.05). The results were similar for preterm pre-eclampsia (P< 0.05). The addition of hCG data to inhibin-A data did not improve the sensitivity for pre-eclampsia compared to inhibin-A alone (42.9 per cent versus 48.6 per cent, P< 0.20).Inhibin-A is a more sensitive marker for the subsequent development of pre-eclampsia than hCG. Addition of hCG data to inhibin-A did not improve the screening efficacy for pre-eclampsia suggesting that inhibin-A and hCG are markers of the same underlying pathological process.

Adult↗