[The impact factor--what it is and where it is useless].
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Bibliometrics↗
Biomedical subjects
P Eich
Publications and source records attributed to P Eich.
[Central to decentralized admission to the psychiatric hospital. Effects of changed admission circumstances on structure and process quality].
The study provides empirical data to compare different systems used for hospital admission procedures in a psychiatric clinic. The Psychiatric University Clinic Basel replaced its traditional central admission ward by direct admission to a number of different treatment settings. This change had consequences for both structural and procedural quality. More admissions occurred after prior notice had been given, and these admissions occurred more often at a time of day when more clinic staff were available. The rate of voluntary admissions increased, and the continuity of care, as measured by the number of transfers within the clinic during the first 5 days post-admission, was improved. These findings, which support an interpretation that the treatment conditions were improved, must be balanced against the drawback of delayed decision-making processes with, for example, longer waiting times for the patient. However, the continuity of therapeutic relationships can be increased through further changes in the procedural quality.
Adult↗
The psychobiology of the acute schizophrenic episode.
Despite intensive worldwide attempts to clarify the pathogenesis of schizophrenia many questions are still open. Evidence is accumulating to suggest that structural abnormalities in various cortical and limbic areas result at least partly from neurodevelopmental disturbances. Prenatal and/or perinatal factors are supposed to play an important role. There is a growing belief that acute schizophrenic symptomatology might be a result of deficits in the sensory filtering process at the level of the thalamus. Several neurotransmitter systems have been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, supporting a neurotransmitter imbalance model. Dysfunctions of the dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems may be predominantly involved.
Acute Disease↗
Direct identification of an extracellular agonist binding site in the renal V2 vasopressin receptor.
To purify the renal V2 receptor and identify domains involved in hormone binding, photoaffinity labeling of the membrane-bound bovine V2 receptor with a tritium-labeled photoreactive vasopressin agonist was performed. The labeled 30,000 M(r) protein was purified to homogeneity by anion-exchange chromatography, isoelectric focusing, gel filtration, gel electrophoresis, and reversed-phase HPLC. N-terminal sequencing showed that the isolated protein which contains the covalently bound hormonal ligand, represents an N-terminal truncated bovine V2 receptor. The purified labeled V2 vasopressin receptor protein was digested with V8 protease, and peptide fragments were isolated. Protein microsequencing and comparison with the cDNA sequence of a cloned PCR product identified two extra- and two intracellular peptides of the bovine V2 receptor. Radioactivity was incorporated into two amino acid residues localized in the second extracellular domain. Our results indicate that this extracellular domain is involved in peptide agonist binding of the V2 receptor.
Affinity Labels↗
Physician and nursing (personnel) requirements for ICUs. Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System (TISS) versus time requirements for patient care--a comparative study in an interdisciplinary surgical intensive care unit.
OBJECTIVE: To measure total physician manoeuvres and total nursing manoeuvres in intensive care patients and to compare the results with calculated personnel requirements on the basis of TISS scores. DESIGN: Open prospective study. SETTING: Sixty-three ICU patients on two consecutive days. MEASUREMENT: 1. Total physician activities (TPM) in minutes/patient-day; total nursing manoeuvres (TNM) in min/patient-day. 2. TISS Calculation of personnel requirements on the basis of both parameters. RESULTS: TPM averaged at 3.9 hours. No fixed correlation was established between TISS and TPM. TNM averaged 1,073 minutes/patient-day and demonstrated a good correlation with TISS. CONCLUSIONS: Physician activities on a surgical ICU averaged 3.9 hours/patient-day. Nursing manoeuvres average 17.9 hours/patient-day. Individual measurements must be made before calculating personnel requirements on the basis of TISS scores.
Adolescent↗
Pseudodeficiency of arylsulfatase A: a common genetic polymorphism with possible disease implications.
At the locus for arylsulfatase A (ASA) at least four to five alleles exist: besides the normal ASA+ and at least two to three deficiency alleles (ASA-), a pseudodeficiency allele, ASAp, is known. On SDS-PAGE the ASAp enzyme migrates slightly faster than ASA+. Treatment of extracts from cells with ASA+/ASA+, ASAp/ASAp, or ASA+/ASAp genotypes with endoglycosidase F leads to the same deglycosylated subunit pattern. Presumably the degree of glycosylation is lower in ASAp than in ASA+. In a large-scale screening project we determined a gene frequency of 7.3% for ASAp. Thus, the ASA locus is polymorphic. In seven families, ASAp showed a codominant mode of inheritance with ASA+. Homozygosity for ASAp has no obvious clinical consequences. In subjects with the compound genotype ASA-/ASAp, the residual enzyme activity may fall below a critical threshold, so that the substrate can no longer be hydrolyzed sufficiently. Since these compounds are not so rare (estimated frequency 0.073%), this mechanism could be of importance in neuropsychiatric disorders with late onset.
Alleles↗
[International data banks, abstracts, citations and other services].
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Humans↗
Improving communication skills--a randomized controlled behaviorally oriented intervention study for residents in internal medicine.
OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether patient-centered communication skills can be taught to residents in Internal Medicine by using a time-limited behaviorally oriented intervention. METHOD: Residents working at the Department of Internal Medicine were randomly assigned to an intervention group (IG; N = 19) or a control group (CG; N = 23). In addition to 6 hours of standard medical education per week, the IG received specific communication training of 22.5 hours duration within a 6-month period. Initially and 10 months later, participants performed interviews with simulated patients. Interviews were rated by blinded raters who used the Maastricht History and Advice Checklist-Revised. RESULTS: Compared with the CG, the IG improved substantially in many specific communication skills. Both groups improved in the "amount of medical information identified" and in the ability to "communicate about feasibility of treatment." CONCLUSION: Patient-centered communication skills such as those presented in this intervention study can be taught. The ability to gain medical information and the readiness to communicate about aspects of medical treatment seem to improve with more professional experience; however, they also profit from the intervention.
Adult↗