Biomedical subjects

P Dittrich

Publications and source records attributed to P Dittrich.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed1981

[Endocardial mapping in the differential diagnosis of supraventricular arrhythmias].

The surface ECG only in a restricted number allows evidence on the course off conduction in the atria. By introduction of the intracardial electrography into the clinic as well as various stimulation techniques has become possible better to analyse the formation of stimuli and the conduction system in man. The diagnosis of supraventricular arrhythmias renders particular difficulties. By recording of the intracardial potentials in as many as possible and defined points of the atria in relation to the fixed point possibly near to the sinus node (endocardial mapping) a better analysis of the excitation and conduction is possible. Only own examinations on 9 patients with sinus rhythm and supraventricular dysrhythmias by means of atrial mapping showed that origin and course of the conduction of cardial arrhythmias may be clarified better. The method mentioned according to our experiences hitherto made and reports in literature despite several lacks and difficulties in an enrichment of the diagnostic possibilities in supraventricular dysrhythmias.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1981

[The first 100 kidney transplants undertaken at the University of Innsbruck (author's transl)].

100 kidney-transplantations had been performed in Innsbruck between January 22, 1974 and August 28, 1980. Following a period of 10 months after the hundredth transplantation, 78% of the patients had survived, and 65% of the grafts were functioning. 165 cases of rejection had taken place during the above mentioned period of observation. 112 cases of bacterial infection, 14 cases of viral infection, and 36 cases of fungal infection had been diagnosed and treated. The rate of surgical complications was extremely low. Further complications included gastrointestinal complaints, hypertensive crises, and thrombosis of the pelvic veins.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1981

[Pharmacokinetics of oxametacin in healthy volunteers following multiple administration (author's transl)].

In a double-blind cross-over study 2 groups of 6 healthy volunteers were dosed with 2 x 75 mg and 3 x 75 mg/d oxametacin (1-p-chlorobenzoyl-2-methyl-5-methoxy-3-indolylacethydroxamic acid). Plasma concentrations of oxametacin and indometacin metabolites were compared. 6 volunteers received 2 x 75 mg oxametacin/d for the first 5 d. Thereafter a drug-free period (1 week) followed and finally they received 3 x 75 mg drug/d a further 5 d. The second group of 6 was dosed identically in the reverse order. Plasma concentrations of oxametacin metabolites were significantly higher after the 3 x 75 mg daily dose than after the 2 x 75 mg dose. The steady-state level for both doses was reached by the 3rd d of treatment. The elimination half-life t 1/2 (beta) for the total sum of the oxametacin metabolites was 11.5 (h) and 9.9 (h) after 2 x 75 mg and 3 x 75 mg/d, resp., thus being comparable.

Adult↗

PubMed1980

[Electrophysiological findings in atrial arrest].

It is reported on intracardiac electrophysiological findings of a 50-year-old patient in whom an atrial arrest could be diagnosed. With the help of the intracardiac mapping electric residual activities could be proved in the area of the sinus node, of the anterior atrial bundle as well as of the left atrium. The electrophysiological mechanism, the causes, the ways of conduction as well as the valency of the diagnostic measures are discussed.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗

PubMed1980

Renal handling of urate in healthy man in hyperuricaemia and renal insufficiency: circadian fluctuation, effect of water diuresis and of uricosuric agents.

To differentiate between extrarenal and renal causes of hyperuricaemia and gout, clearances of urate and creatinine were monitored for 3 1/2 days in fifty-two individuals (seven with a history of gout) with no gross impairment of renal function (creatinine clearance 52-137 ml/min). Dietary purine intake was kept constant. Monophasic circadian fluctuations of fractional urate excretion (= urate clearance over creatinine clearance) were observed with peak values in the afternoon, about 50% higher than during the night. Circadian fluctuations of urinary flow rate were almost identical. However, enhancement of urinary flow rate due to water diuresis had no effect on urate clearance. Despite wide variation of plasma urate concentrations among different individuals (+/- 30% SD), daily urate excretion varied little (+/- 4% SD) and did not correlate with plasma urate (r = 0.03). Thus extrarenal factors appear not to account for the occurrence of hyperuricaemia in these patients. In contrast, a clearcut negative correlation was apparent between plasma urate concentration and fractional urate clearance (r = 0.72), which could fully account for the variations of plasma urate concentration. To elucidate further the mechanism responsible for antiuricosuria in hyperuricaemic patients, the effects of the uricosuric agents benzbromarone and probenecid were tested. A clearcut correlation was apparent between control fractional urate excretion and uricosuric effect of both benzbromarone and probenecid (r = 0.83 and 0.88, respectively), suggesting that anti-uricosuria was due to defective secretion. In an additional series, the uricosuric effect of probenecid was tested in ten patients with renal insufficiency. In these patients the uricosuric effect was clearly blunted, indicating that urate reabsorption is reduced in renal insufficiency.

Adult↗

PubMed1980

[Treatment of patients on maintenance dialysis by a privately practicing physician (author's transl)].

The patient under maintenance-dialysis, is advised and cared for by the dialysis center he has been assigned to. The physician with a private practice normally has little occasion to know about the problems of these patients. He is basically restricted to the following: 1. Occasional help, concerning the psychical and physical adaptation phase, at the beginning of dialysis treatment. 2. The treatment of possible complications (effects of overhydration, disturbances in the electrolyte metabolism, cerebral damage) inclusive of shunt complications. The Treatment of other diseases which do not have to do with renal insufficiency, should only be carried out following clarification of the case, with or in direct cooperation with, the responsible dialysis center.

Hemodynamics↗

PubMed1978

[The coincidence of visceral lupus erythematosus and epilepsy].

It is reported on course and problems of the diagnosis of a lupus erythematodes visceralis with epilepsy. In the demonstrated case the initial stage was characterized by the nearly simultaneous appearance of relapsing arthritides and epilepsy. The diagnosis was made in the stage of an acute exacerbation with cardiac symptomatology which began after the medicamentous treatment with diphenylhydantoin. Up to this moment an oligosymptomatic lupus erythematodes visceralis had not yet been diagnosed. Anamnestic data and the laboratory-clinical findings of the further course of the disease proved the actual lupus erythematodes visceralis. It is referred to the necessity of an aimed anamnesis and a determination of the antinuclear factors before every application ofhydantoin derivations when an epilepsy and joint symptomatology are present.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1978

Unilateral estimation of glomerular filtration rate with 99mTc-DTPA.

There is one renal disease in which unilateral estimation of GFR is desirable for clinical purposes: chronic pyelonephritis. Considering the possibilities for complications to determine unilateral renal function by ureter catheter just in this group of patients, we tried to estimate unilateral GFR with 66mTc-DTPA after a single injection of 5 mCi i.v. on the basis of blood samples at 90, 110 and 130 min after injection and evaluation of gamma-camera data from 25 to 35 min after administration of the dose. 31 patients were studied. In arenal patients clearance values were 7.5 ml/min (+/- 10.47 ml/min), unilaterally nephrectomized patients showed zero values for the removed kidney. Normal patients had a mean GFR of 107 +/- 17.7 ml/min with a partition between right and left kidney of 54.2 +/- 10 to 52.75 +/- 8.5 ml/min. Patients without urinary tract obstruction and unilateral renal disease had values of 27.1 +/- 11 ml/min for the diseased kidney while the normal kidneys gave a mean value of 59.6 ml/min (+/- 13 ml/min). In the presence of urinary tract obstruction, data could not be correlated to the state of renal function. This shows that unilateral estimation of GFR using 99mTc-DTPA is basically possible, but that it is useless in obstructive kidney disease.

Chronic Disease↗

PubMed1977

[The index of leukocyte alkaline phosphatase in patients with hemodialysis (author's transl)].

The index of the leukocyte alkaline phosphatase activity (LAP-I) was evaluated in 15 patients suffering from chronic uremia immediately before and after hemodialysis, as well as 16 or 18 and 40 or 42 hours thereafter. Immediately following hemodialysis the LAP-I was significantly reduced in comparison with to predialysis values. 16 and 18 hours after hemodialysis the LAP-I had again increased and at 40 and 42 hours exceeded the starting predialysis values. These results are discussed in relation to the dialysis-induced decrease of plasma cortisol and to the consequent ACTH and cortisol overproduction.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1977

Isolation and Characterization of a Novel p-Coumaric Acid Ester of myo-Inositol from Needles of Taxus baccata.

A novel derivative of myo-inositol was isolated from the needles of Taxus baccata and identified as p-coumaric acid ester. By means of its levorotatory optical activity and formation of a borate complex, the compound was designated tentatively as a 1l-4-p-coumaroyl-myo-inositol. Chemotaxonomic investigations have shown this ester to be present in needles of 14 out of 34 tested species of gymnosperms. When (14)CO(2) or (14)C-myo-inositol were fed to young needles of T. baccata, there was a rapid incorporation of label in the p-coumaroyl ester, and a pulse-chase experiment indicated a substantial turnover of this compound over a 4-month period.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1976

Immediate plasma renin response to propranolol: differentiation between essential and renal hypertension.

The immediate short-term effect on plasma renin activity of intravenous injection of propranolol was studied in 31 normal subjects and 166 hypertensive patients. In patients with essential hypertension and normal subjects plasma renin activity fell considerably within 15 minutes; the fall was directly proportional to initial plasma renin levels. In contrast, in patients with renal hypertension the fall was much less pronounced or totally absent. These differences in response to propranolol provide, though presently only on a group basis, a biochemical means of differentiating between patients with renal hypertension and those with essential hypertension. The observations also indicate that, unlike normal subjects and patients with essential hypertension, in patients with renal hypertension sympathetic activity plays no part in the control of basal plasma renin levels.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1976

[Haemodynamics at rest and exercise capacity of patients treated by intermittent haemodialysis (author's transl)].

The haemodynamics at rest of 10 patients (mean age 42.6 years) with terminal renal failure treated by intermittent haemodialysis were studied over a period of 8 to 22 months by non-invasive methods. Additionally bicycle exercise testing was performed. After 13 months there was a reduction in cardiac index from 3.37 +/- 0.75 L/Min./m2 to 2.94 +/- 0.51 L/Min./m2 (p less than 0.05) and of the left ventricular minute work index from 6.21 +/- 1.60 mkp/Min./m2 to 5.71 +/- 1.36 mkp/Min./m2 (p less than 0.02). The blood pressure, index of peripheral resistance, systolic time intervals, arm-ear time and the ejection fraction showed no significant variations. Left ventricular failure was not detectable at rest, but the work capacity on exercise testing was reduced during the entire period of investigation without significant variation.

Adult↗

PubMed1976

The immediate plasma renin response to propranolol: evidence for a different mode of renin release in essential and renal hypertension.

1. The immediate short-term effects of intravenous injections of propranolol on plasma renin activity were studied in thirty-one normal subjects, 102 patients with benign essential and sixty-six patients with renal hypertension. 2. In essential hypertensive patients and normal subjects a marked fall in plasma renin activity was observed within 15 min, which was directly proportional to initial plasma renin values. In contrast, in patients with renal hypertension the fall observed was much less pronounced, or totally absent. 3. These differences in response to propranolol, which were particularly pronounced in patients with high initial renin values, suggest a dominant role of sympathetic tone at the juxtaglomerular apparatus for basal renin release in normal individuals and essential hypertensive subjects only. 4. The observations also indicate that sympathetic activity plays no part in the control of basal renin secretion in patients with renal hypertension, in whom basal renin secretion may be maintained by the renal baroreceptors.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1976

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide-specific "Malic" Enzyme in Kalanchoë daigremontiana and Other Plants Exhibiting Crassulacean Acid Metabolism.

NAD-specific "malic" enzyme (EC 1.1.1.39) has been isolated and purified 1200-fold from leaves of Kalanchoë daigremontiana. Kinetic studies of this enzyme, which is activated 14-fold by CoA, acetyl-CoA, and SO(4) (2-), suggest allosteric properties. Cofactor requirements show an absolute specificity for NAD and for Mn(2+), which cannot be replaced by NADP or Mg(2+). For maintaining enzyme activity in crude leaf extracts a thiol reagent, Mn(2+), and PVP-40 were required. The latter could be omitted from purified preparations. By sucrose density gradient centrifugation NAD-malic enzyme could be localized in mitochondria. A survey of plants with crassulacean acid metabolism revealed the presence of NAD-malic enzyme in all 31 plants tested. Substantial levels of this enzyme (121-186 mumole/hr.mg of Chl) were detected in all members tested of the family Crassulaceae. It is proposed that NAD-malic enzyme in general supplements activity of NADP-malic enzyme present in these plants and may be specifically employed to increase internal concentrations of CO(2) for recycling during cessation of gas exchange in periods of severe drought.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1976

Equilibration of Label in Malate during Dark Fixation of CO(2) in Kalanchoë fedtschenkoi.

In vitro studies of dark (14)CO(2) fixation with isolated cell aggregates of Kalanchoë fedtschenkoi showed that malate synthesized after 20 sec is predominantly (85 to 92%) labeled at carbon 4, while after 20 min only 65 to 69% of the radioactivity was located in this position. The intramolecular labeling pattern of malate could not be changed by supplementing the cells with carboxylation reaction substrates such as ribulose diphosphate or phosphoenolpyruvate. The kinetic decline of label at carbon 4 of malate occurs independently of CO(2) fixation, since 4-(14)C-labeled aspartate fed to the cells gave rise to malate labeled 62% at carbon 4 after 20 min. Furthermore, the cells were capable of converting fed malate to fumarate. It is concluded that synthesis of malate during dark CO(2) fixation is accomplished by a single carboxylation step via phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and labeling patterns observed in malate are a consequence of the action of fumarase.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1975

[69. Significance of work load electrocardiographic studies with reference to coronarographic findings].

The electrocardiography after work is assumed as an essential diagnostic aid in the evaluation of the chronic ischaemic heart disease. Differences in the diagnostic relevance of the results are related to the test method used. Therefore, comparison with the findings of selective coronary angiography is necessary, though the subject of ECG after work are functional changes, but that of coronary angiography are morphological ones. This study gives the comparison of both methods in 84 patients. In patients with coronary artery construction (greater than 75%) the diagnostic possibilities of ECG after work are limited. With regard to these patients it is pointed out that except of the obstruction of coronary arteries, as it is to be documented by selective coronary angiography, there are several further factors favourising coronary insufficiency, such as diminished perfusion of the peripheral coronary vessels, high levels of catecholamines, metabolic disturbances, diminished oxygen transport capacity or oxygen delivery. This may also explain the relatively low specifity of 60% of the ECG after work in the recognition of obstructive coronary artery disease.

Adult↗

PubMed1975

[Premonitory sign of myocardial rupture].

It is reported on 14 cases in which a rupture of the myocardium occurred following a myocardial infarction. The moment of the appearance as well as anamnestic and clinical peculiarities are examined. As the only usable symptom of the rupture the symptomatology of the electromechanic dissociation must be taken into consideration. Finally it is referred to the on principle possible operative consequences of the rupture of the myocardium (oversewing or infarctetomy).

Aged↗

PubMed1975

[Clinico-pharmacological studies with Nifedipine--a new coronary substance].

On 19 test persons (10 healthy persons, 9 patients with heart diseases) mechanocardiographic and haemodynamic examinations were carried out with the new preparation Nifedipine (05-072) which effects on the coronary vessels. Insignificant positively inotropic effects with invariable heart rate and cardiac output, decreasing heart action and decreased oxygen consumption were found. Arterial blood pressure and peripheral resistance were only slightly diminished. Own results and reports from literature show that the application of Nifedipine in the ischaemic heart disease appears to be successful.

Adult↗