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Biomedical subjects

P Diamond

Publications and source records attributed to P Diamond.

65 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

A new method for calibrating indicator dilution curves.

A technique is proposed and experiments carried out to validate an in vivo method of calibrating ascorbate dilution curves. Cardiac output measured by the proposed method (COi) was compared to cardiac output measured by electromagnetic flowmeter (COe). COe averaged 1,281 mg/min and COi averaged 1,284 ml/min (P greater than 0.90). Correlation between the two methods was 0.92. It is concluded that the proposed method measures CO with reasonable accuracy and provides a number of advantages over the usual method of measuring blood flow by means of indicators.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Plasma catecholamines at rest and exercise in subjects with high- and low-trait anxiety.

The purpose of this study was to compare the plasma catecholamine concentration at rest and in response to exercise in subjects with low and high trait anxiety (TA). Six subjects with low TA and six subjects with high TA were selected among 149 males college students on the basis of their results on three TA tests (STAI, IPAT, 16 PF). Plasma norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) concentrations (pg/ml) were measured at rest in supine position and during mild and moderate exercises of 5 min duration (about 40% and 60% of the individual VO2max) on bicycle ergometer. Plasma E concentrations at rest and exercise were not significantly different in subjects with low (33 +/- 6, 82 +/- 11, and 197 +/- 49) or high TA (41 +/- 7, 62 +/- 13, and 229 +/- 52). Plasma NE concentration was not significantly different at rest and in response to mild exercise in low (235 +/- 52; 666 +/- 64) and high-TA subjects (223 +/- 36; 610 +/- 88) but was significantly higher in high-TA than in low-TA subjects in response to moderate exercise (2510 +/- 618 vs. 1243 +/- 234). These results show 1) that plasma NE and E concentrations at rest and in response to light exercise are similar in low- and high-TA subjects, and 2) that subjects with high TA have a greater plasma NE response to the psychologic stress and/or to the homeostatic challenge of moderate exercise.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Suppressors of cytokine signalling (SOCS): putative modulators of cytokine bioactivity in health and disease.

Cytokines are important modulators of homeostatic processes such as development, haematopoiesis and host defence. A recently identified family of proteins, the supressors of cytokine signalling (SOCS) act as negative regulators of the key cytokine-activated signalling pathway, the Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) cascade. In the current review, the discovery, structural features, regulation of expression, mechanisms of JAK/STAT inhibition and putative role in health and disease of the SOCS family are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Can we protect children from abuse? A review of three cases.

Abused infants at risk of further abuse are not being protected for many reasons. The ability of a variety of professionals to recognize and manage abuse when it occurs is limited. The reasons for this are briefly presented. Three cases in which young infants were reinjured, one fatally, are presented. Continuing efforts to improve all parts of the child welfare system and community response system need to be made. In this way, infants at risk will be better protected in our society.

Brain Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Quantification of lumbar function. Part 6: The use of psychological measures in guiding physical functional restoration.

The present article reviews the use of psychologic measures in guiding a functional restoration treatment program with chronic low-back pain patients. The results of the first 134 consecutive patients completing this program are reviewed. These results demonstrate that various psychologic measures paralleled improvement in physical function. Of particular interest is the finding that various Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) scales that were initially clinically elevated showed a significant decrease to nonelevated levels after treatment. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed, along with the important observation that one should avoid assuming that a single psychologic test can reliably be used as the sole predictor variable in clinical cases.

Achievement↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Stratification of stage D2 prostate cancer patients by a disease aggressiveness score and its use in evaluating disease response and outcome to combination hormonal treatment (GnRH-A plus flutamide).

Suppression of androgen levels of stage D2 prostate cancer patients has been the prominent treatment for advanced prostate cancer. An arithmetic formula expressing disease aggressivity computed by the pre-treatment levels of alkaline phosphatase (AP), degree of tumor differentiation and number of bone metastases correlated well with disease response and outcome in stage D2 patients treated by chronic administration of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonistic analogues (GnRH-As; buserelin) or orchiectomy. In the present study we analyzed retrospectively disease response and outcome in 262 previously untreated stage D2 prostate cancer patients who received combination hormonal treatment (GnRH-A plus flutamide) using this aggressiveness score. Mean value of this aggressiveness score between patients who were grouped with reference to type of disease response according to the criteria established by the National Prostatic Cancer Project (NPCP) was statistically different (Kruskal-Wallis, p > 0.001). Pairwise comparison documented that this was true between all but the stable and progression groups. Linear regression analysis documented significant correlation of this aggressiveness score with length of response and survival (r = 0.59, and 0.45, respectively: p > 0.0001). Analysis of slopes obtained by linear regressions between aggressiveness score and survival in patients treated with GnRH-A plus flutamide and with GnRH-A monotherapy documented that disease response and outcome was superior among patients who received combination hormonal treatment. These data indicate that this aggressiveness score correlated well type of disease response, length of response, and survival with patients given combination hormonal treatment, and as such it can be used as an objective tool for analyzing clinical data.

Analysis of Variance↗