[Non-medical factors in perinatal health. A study of socioeconomic anc cultural features of women admitted to the maternity hospital in Lens (Pas-de-Calais)].
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the influence of medical and non-medical factors on perinatal health in an underpriviledged area, the ex-coal mines of Lens (Pas-de-Calais). POPULATION AND METHODS: This prospective study concerned 1,000 women who delivered in the maternity hospital of Lens between January 5, 1993 and May 13, 1993. The relationships between preterm delivery, low birth weight and maternal socioeconomic and cultural characteristics were analyzed. RESULTS: The women included presented adverse pregnancy outcomes. Preterm delivery, low birth weight and neonatal transfer rates were respectively 6.9%, 7.3% and 12.7% higher than the average regional rates. In contrast with these results, antenatal care could be considered correct or even better. The poor socioeconomic status of the population appeared to be a very significant perinatal risk factor. CONCLUSION: At present, in an unfavourable regional conjuncture, socioeconomic and cultural factors have adverse effects on perinatal morbidity and mortality independent of medical factors like prenatal care. The prevention of poor perinatal outcome should be based on these data. Not the access to the health care system but the manner of dispensing health care should require great consideration.