[The physiology of the kidney tubule].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to P Dequiedt.
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The concept of acute renal failure with anuria due to malignant nephro-angiosclerosis, is uncommon. We report two cases and compare them with others in the world literature. Knowledge of this disease entity is of triple interest: In diagnosis and classification in the field of acute vascular nephropathy with anuria. We cannot emphasise too much the interest of early renal biopsy after correction of abnormal blood pressure. In physiopathology, these malignant nephro-angioscleroses give rise to hypertension of pressor type with high renin levels. Finally therapeutic, for there exist drugs adapted to this type of hypertension. The association of acute renal failure and malignant nephro-angiosclerosis should be treated as an emergency, to avoid the passage to terminal and irreversible renal failure.
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Total body water (T.B.W), extra-cellular fluid volume (E.C.F.), exchangeable sodium (NaE) and potassium (KE) were measured in one typical case of Bartter's syndrome with growth retardation. Intracellular potassium depletion was associated with a slight impaired carbohydrate tolerance and with decreased growth hormone response to arginine infusion and insulin-induced hypoglycemia. These observations demonstrate that impairement of growth hormone responses to stimulation occur in Bartter's syndrome with potassium depletion.
Fibrous polyps of the ureter are rarely encountered: only twenty cases have been reported in the literature. They are nothing but pseudo-tumours, for they probably arise through a simple outpouching of the submucosa. The case reported was of a 60-year-old woman presenting with pain of the right iliac fossa associated with gross haematuria. The radiographic appearances were of a 14-cm long polyp, presenting as an intraluminal defect of the right ureter, with smooth edges and separated from the ureteral wall by a thin radio-opaque strip. It was attached by a very small area of insertion. Despite its size, the polyp caused relatively little obstruction. At surgery, the benign nature of this polyp was confirmed, as well as its invariably recurrence-free postoperative course.
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