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Biomedical subjects

P Delaney

Publications and source records attributed to P Delaney.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Peroperative grading of pyloric stenosis: a long term clinical and radiological follow-up of patients with severe pyloric stenosis treated by highly selective vagotomy and dilatation of the stricture.

Highly selective vagotomy (HSV) is now an accepted form of surgery for uncomplicated duodenal ulcer. Highly selective vagotomy and dilatation has been successfully used in some cases of pyloric stenosis, but many would regard severe pyloric stenosis as a contraindication to this procedure. Eleven patients with severe pyloric stenosis, measured objectively at operation, have been treated by HSV and dilatation of the stenosis and reviewed for periods of up to 3 years. The clinical results, immediate and long term, were good in all cases. Barium studies and histopathological findings were slower to return to normal. With intensive preoperative preparation to restore the tone of the dilated gastric muscle and gentle, controlled dilatation of the stricture, HSV in these patients should be as satisfactory as in those patients with uncomplicated duodenal ulcer.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Isolated trigeminal neuropathy. An unusual complication of carcinoma of the lung.

The occurrence of isolated metastasis to the trigeminal nerve or ganglion form a distant, solid tumor is rare. This communication describes a patient with carcinoma of the lung; an isolated trigeminal neuropathy developed and at autopsy proved to be secondary to metastasis to the trigeminal ganglion. The appearance of a trigeminal neuropathy in a patient with an active solid tumor elsewhere in the body is most likely due to metastasis.

Carcinoma, Small Cell↗
PubMed1977

Olfactory sarcoidosis. Report of five cases and review of the literature.

Changes in the olfactory system in five patients with sarcoidosis were studied by clinical and histopathological examination. Every patient studied had hypogeusia and/or hyposmia as measured by psychophysical testing. In two patients who died with this disease, the olfactory bulbs and tracts were involved by granulomatous infiltration. Two other patients showed granulomas and chronic inflammation in nasal biopsy specimens. The fifth patient was studied only clinically. Changes in olfactory and gustatory acuity are rarely searched for in patients with sarcoidosis, but they may be important indicators of major and later irreversible damage to the CNS. If diminished olfaction is established in suspect patients, nasal biopsy and examination of the CNS should be performed to confirm the presence of active sarcoidosis. Appropriate therapy may prevent damage to the patient's sensory capabilities and CNS function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Neurologic manifestations in sarcoidosis: review of the literature, with a report of 23 cases.

Nervous system involvement by sarcoidosis has been considered rare, yet more than 400 cases have been reported. We present 23 additional cases here, including 14 with autopsies, and we review the literature. The overall frequency of neurologic involvement is 5%. Patients usually have other stigmata of sarcoidosis; however, neurologic dysfunction is frequently the presenting finding. The protean manifestations of central nervous system (CNS) involvement usually occur in the early phase of the disease, while those of peripheral nervous system and skeletal muscle involvement are characteristically seen in the chronic stages. Basal granulomatous meningitis causes most of the CNS manifestations either by infiltration or compression of adjacent structures. Steroids are the mainstay of therapy, and the overall response is quite variable. The course is also variable, being transient in some and chronic in others. The prognosis is better with peripheral than with central nervous system involvement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Computerized tomography and benign intracranial hypertension.

Benign intracranial hypertension (BIH) is a recognized syndrome of unknown origin that conventionally has been diagnosed by excluding an underlying space-occupying lesion using invasive contrast procedures. Computerized tomography (CT) scanning of the head is a safe, accurate method of defining intracranial structures that were previously only discernible by invasive studies. Seven patients with headaches, papilledema, normal mental status, normal brain scan, and normal electroencephalogram had normal CT scans of the head. Patients suspected of BIH can be spared invasive contrast procedures if the CT scan of the head is normal.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Enzyme inhibition in colorectal surgery.

Anastomotic dehiscence is particularly common after low anterior resection of the rectum. The enzyme collagenase is largely responsible for this high complication rate. Inhibition of this enzyme in an experimental model produced significantly stronger colonic anastomoses. There may be a place for such an inhibitor in clinical surgery.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

False positive serology in cerebrospinal fluid associated with a spinal cord tumor.

Biologic false positive serology in cerebrospinal fluid has been reported as exceedingly rare. In a patient with a spinal cord tumor and elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein, the cerebrospinal fluid was reactive to VDRL and fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (fta-abs) tests, but became nonreactive with removal of the tumor. This biologic false positive reaction may be related to the elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein, as similar false positive reactions have occurred in blood with abnormal or elevated proteins. Cerebrospinal fluid reactive to the VDRL and FTA-ABS tests does not always indicate neurosyphilis.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Parkinsonism and levodopa: a five-year experience.

Seventy parkinsonian patients were treated continuously with levodopa for five years. During the first year, sixty-three patients (90 per cent) improved. After five years, however, only thirty-seven patients remained improved while thirty-three patients (48 per cent) experienced progressive disease. Complications of treatment, albeit nonfatal, increased in frequency during the five-year interval. The reason for early improvement and subsequent deterioration of parkinsonian symptoms and signs in spite of levodopa therapy remains unexplained. It suggests that Parkinson's disease may not be simply a striatal dopamine deficiency syndrome and that treatment with levodopa is more than replacement therapy.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Overview of the Neurolab Spacelab mission.

Neurolab is a NASA Spacelab mission with multinational cooperative participation that is dedicated to research on the nervous system. The nervous systems of all animal species have evolved in a one-g environment and are functionally influenced by the presence of gravity. The absence of gravity presents a unique opportunity to gain new insights into basic neurologic functions as well as an enhanced understanding of physiological and behavioral responses mediated by the nervous system. The primary goal of Neurolab is to expand our understanding of how the nervous system develops, functions in, and adapts to microgravity space flight. Twenty-six peer reviewed investigations using human and nonhuman test subjects were assigned to one of eight science discipline teams. Individual and integrated experiments within these teams have been designed to collect a wide range of physiological and behavior data in flight as well as pre- and postflight. Information from these investigations will be applicable to enhancing the well being and performance of future long duration space travelers, will contribute to our understanding of normal and pathological functioning of the nervous system, and may be applied by the medical community to enhance the health of humans on Earth.

Adaptation, Physiological↗