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Biomedical subjects

P Cowen

Publications and source records attributed to P Cowen.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Risk factors, clinical signs, and survival in cats with a clinical diagnosis of idiopathic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: 74 cases (1985-1989).

Population characteristics, risk factors, and survival characteristics were evaluated in 74 cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HC) seen at North Carolina State University veterinary teaching hospital from 1985 to 1989, and compared with 82 clinically normal cats. The mean (+/- SD) age of cats with HC was 6.5 (4.0) years. Neutered males were at significantly greater risk (odds ratio 3.1) than neutered females. Breed, body weight, or coat color were not determined to be risk factors for HC. Tricolor cats were significantly underrepresented, probably reflecting the male predisposition for HC and not a true risk reduction associated with coat color. Forty-one cats were without clinical signs of heart disease (murmur and/or gallop sound only), 24 were in congestive heart failure, and 9 had systemic arterial embolism, 3 of which had concomitant congestive heart failure. The median survival time for 61 cats with HC, for which survival information could be obtained and that were not euthanatized on day 1, was 732 days. Survival was not affected by age at diagnosis, breed, body weight, or sex. However, clinical signs were important in determining prognosis; cats with heart rates greater than 200 beats/min survived significantly longer (median survival greater than 1,830 days) than those with heart rates greater than or equal to 200 beats/min (median survival = 152 days). Cats without clinical signs (median survival greater than 1,830 days) survived longer than those with clinical signs, and cats in heart failure survived a median of 92 days, compared with 61 days for those with systemic arterial embolism. Analysis of survival revealed no significant difference between the 2 groups of cats with clinical signs; however, all cats with embolism and only 60% of cats with heart failure were dead 6 months after diagnosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Benign neonatal hemangiomatosis.

Three neonates with numerous cutaneous hemangiomas are presented. Although all three had serious medical problems, in none of these three could visceral hemangiomas be demonstrated. Neonatal hemangiomas can be restricted to the skin.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1992

Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn complicated by hypercalcaemia and thrombocytopenia.

Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn is an uncommon but distinctive condition which appears in the first six weeks of life, associated with variable degrees of hypercalcaemia and which resolves spontaneously over months. We report a case of subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn following perinatal distress and complicated by thrombocytopenia and hypercalcaemia.

Fat Necrosis↗
PubMed1990

Peripubertal human breast development.

The microanatomical and histological appearance of the human breast has been studied during puberty. The macroscopic architecture of the mammary epithelial tree was identified and correlated with the histological appearance of material excised from defined regions of the breast preparations. Between ages 13 yrs and 15 yrs the human breast shows evidence of ductal elongation and branching, with lobules formed by lateral and dichotomous branching. The majority of ducts are lined by a two-layered epithelium consisting of recognisable myoepithelial and luminal cells. Less-well-defined multilayered regions were also observed in some areas, apparently at the site of lateral branching or early lobular development.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Reactivation of latent pseudorabies virus infection in vaccinated commercial sows.

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) was isolated from 9 of 44 PRV-vaccinated seropositive sows on 5 of 11 farms. Although serum-neutralization antibody titers were 1:16 to 1:256, 28 virus isolates were obtained from tonsil, nasal, or buccal swab samples from 9 sows given 2 ml of dexamethasone/kg of body weight IM for 5 days. Pseudorabies virus was isolated from 6 of 20 sows (3 of 5 farms) given a killed-virus vaccination. Virus was obtained from 3 of 24 sows (2 of 6 farms) given modified-live virus and killed-virus vaccination. Evaluation of the 9 PRV with 5 restriction endonucleases revealed 4 PRV existing genotypes. The 9 isolated types of PRV appeared to be indistinguishable by Kpn I and BamHI restriction endonuclease analysis; however, when analyzed with Sal I, HinfI, and Pst I, isolates 7 (farm D), 8 (farm C), and 9 (farm B) had numerous differences. Isolates 1, 2, 3, and 4 (farm F) and 5 and 6 (farm G) appeared to be the same genotype when further analyzed with Pst I, HinfI, and Sal I.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Microscopy of skin scrapings for dermatophyte diagnosis.

The correct technique for obtaining samples for microscopy and the proper preparation of the slide are important factors in obtaining an accurate result. The author discusses these components in detail and provides a pictorial display to aid in the interpretation of results.

Arthrodermataceae↗
PubMed1990

Survey of trichinosis in breeding and cull swine, using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Serum samples obtained from 40,927 swine at various locations in North Carolina between Aug 1, 1987 and July 31, 1988, were tested for antibodies to Trichinella spiralis, using an ELISA based on a larval T spiralis excretory-secretory antigen. In the ELISA, samples were considered to have positive results if the optical density (OD) reading was equal to or 5 times greater than the mean OD value of 4 negative-control sera from trichina-free swine. Of the 40,927 serum samples tested, 154 (0.38%) were positive by ELISA; the rate for breeding swine was 0.35% (105/30,162), and the rate for cull swine was 0.45% (49/10,765). Of the 49 seropositive samples from cull swine, 11 were from out of the state, 22 had no identification, and 16 were known to originate from North Carolina. Seropositivity had a bimodally seasonal distribution, with peaks in March and September. There was no difference between the mean age of seropositive and seronegative swine, but males were at greater risk for seropositivity than were females. Pigs from lots with less than 100 sera tested were at increased risk for seropositivity, as were pigs from the central coastal region of North Carolina.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Epidermodysplasia verruciformis.

A patient with epidermodysplasia verruciformis was followed over a ten year period. This rare genetic disorder, characterised by papillomavirus-associated skin lesions and squamous cell carcinomas, is difficult to manage and invariably shortens the lifespan due to metastases from skin carcinomas. In our case, we confirmed the diagnosis using nucleic acid hybridisation, at high stringency, to cloned papillomavirus DNA. Relentless progression of disease occurred despite varied and increasingly vigorous treatment modalities.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Factors affecting embryo transfer success in recipient heifers under field conditions.

Recipient age at transfer (less than 525 d old or more than 525 d old), season (fall, winter, spring, summer), method of synchronization (natural or induced), and transfer technique (surgical or nonsurgical transfer) were associated with success of embryo transfer in a log-linear analysis. In a separate analysis, no significant association was found between success of transfer and transfer to the left or right uterine horn. Summer had the lowest proportion of successful transfers (58.9%). Pregnancy rates were 83% using the surgical transfer method and 68% with transcervical transfers. Proportion of pregnancies following a second transfer was not different from the proportion after first transfers. Success of embryo transfer was highest if recipients were greater than 525 d old and if transfers were performed surgically in spring following synchronization of recipients with cloprostenol, an analog of prostaglandin F2 alpha. Probability of success was lowest for transfers to young, prostaglandin-synchronized recipients, performed nonsurgically in summer.

Animals↗