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Biomedical subjects

P Couppie

Publications and source records attributed to P Couppie.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Diastolic dysfunction in chronic renal failure patients under hemodialysis].

Myocardial hypertrophy due to volume and pressure overload is common in hemodialysis patients because renal failure is usually responsible for arterial hypertension. The left ventricular filling pattern often exhibits abnormalities denoting a relaxation disorder. These abnormalities increase after hemodialysis sessions, which are sometimes followed by severe hypotension. This sequence of left ventricular hypertrophy, altered relaxation, and severe postdialysis hypotension sometimes associated with severe ventricular rhythm disorders deserves to be studied in detail. The data gathered would help to determine the prognosis in this situation, which often depends on cardiac function.

Diastole↗
PubMed1996

[Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis Vianna, 1911 in French Guiana. Clinical, therapeutic and epidemiological considerations in the ninth human diagnosed case].

The authors report the ninth case of cutaneous Leishmaniasis without mucosal involvement due to Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis (isoenzymatic profile related to zymodeme MON-44) diagnosed in a legionnaire who recently arrived in French Guiana. The skin lesion as a single ulcerated nodule of the dorsum of the left ringfinger was cured after two courses of four intramuscular injections of pentamidine isothionate (total posology of pentamidine-base: 16.6 mg/kg). The transmission occurred during nocturnal trekking in forest and swamps just behind the coastal belt at Degrad Saramaka (7 km South of Kourou). In French Guiana, the good level of medical care and the early treatment of the majority of the cases of Leishmaniasis may explain the rarity of mucosal lesions. Since the clinical aspect of the lesion is not sufficient to prejudge the identity of the causative species, it is necessary to perform cultivation of Leishmania for iso-enzymatic identification. The adaptation of pentamidine doses and long term follow up of patients infected by L. (V.) braziliensis could be defined more precisely.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Epidemiological data on Staphylococcus aureus strains producing synergohymenotropic toxins.

DNA hybridisation of 309 consecutive Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates with oligonucleotide probes specific for genes encoding Panton-Valentine leucocidin (luk-PV) and gamma-haemolysin (hlg) revealed that 99% of randomly selected strains carried the hlg locus whereas only 2% harboured the luk-PV as well as the hlg loci. Only 1% of the strains did not possess either gene. In a clinical prospective study of independent S. aureus strains, 58 Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL)-producing isolates were shown to be responsible for primary skin infections, mainly furuncles (86%). Phage susceptibility patterns and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profiles of DNA were shown to be polymorphic epidemiological markers of PVL-producing strains. In eight patients with recurrent furuncles, the PVL-producing strains isolated either from furuncles or from the anterior nares were considered to be identical in each based upon phage sensitivity profiles or PFGE patterns.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Staphylococcus aureus leukocidin: a new virulence factor in cutaneous infections? An epidemiological and experimental study.

Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) is a Staphylococcus aureus (SA) exotoxin, which kills human granulocytes and monocytes in vitro. Among 43 SA strains from cutaneous infections, 12 were PVL producers, whereas among 49 blood culture strains, only 1 produced PVL. Most PVL-producing strains (11/22) came from 22 primitive cutaneous infections, especially furuncles and abscesses, while only 1 PVL-producing strain came from 21 secondary infections of dermatoses such as bullous or pruritic diseases. Intradermal injections of PVL in rabbits induced edema, erythema and necrosis; histopathological changes at the injection sites consisted mainly in leukocytoclasis and vascular necrosis. All changes were dose dependent, and previous immunization of rabbits partially neutralized PVL-induced effects. Production of PVL in vivo after injections of bacteria seems to be low, and the histopathological lesions induced in the rabbit skin do not appear to be specifically related to PVL activity. However, PVL is a good candidate as a new virulence factor in cutaneous SA infections.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Eczema caused by contact allergy to tretinoin].

Skin irritation induced by tretinoin is commonly observed, whereas allergic contact dermatitis to this drug is very rarely found in the literature. We report the case of a 34-year-old man who developed contact dermatitis in areas where a topical tretinoin preparation was applied. Patch tests were positive to tretinoin in low concentration and to isotretinoin. Oral administration of isotretinoin to this patient would carry a risk of systemic complications.

Administration, Topical↗