Biomedical subjects

P Coste

Publications and source records attributed to P Coste.

65 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed1987

[Aorto-coronary bypass and defibrination after thrombolysis during the acute phase of myocardial infarct].

Coronary bypass was carried out in four patients who have received an intracoronary streptokinase infusion for acute myocardial infarction. Indications for emergency operation were a myocardial ischaemia time of less than 4 h and a slow flow in the reopened artery despite percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Two patients were in cardiogenic shock treated by inotropic drugs and intra-aortic balloon pump. In all cases, the level of fibrinogen was less than 1 g X l-1. During the operation, the fibrinolysis was stopped by the intravenous injection of aprotinine (3,000,000 U X 2) and tranexamic acid (15 mg X kg-1), the coagulation factors used by the fibrinolysis being replaced by fibrinogen (1 g per litre of blood volume) and fresh plasma (6 to 8 packs in function of the haemodynamic state). Patient heparinization was as usual (300 IU X kg-1). At the end of the cardiopulmonary bypass, after injection of protamine, clotting quality was good and the fibrinogen level was more than 1 g X l-1. In the postoperative period, blood loss was of little importance. Coagulation troubles due to therapeutic fibrinolysis were reversible. It was possible to return quickly the patient's coagulation state to normal, and so carry out emergency coronary arterial surgery in a defibrinated patient. The indications for surgery depended on cardiogenic factors only.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗

PubMed1987

[Cardiac complications of dermatopolymyositis. Apropos of 56 cases].

A retrospective study was conducted on 58 patients hospitalized for dermato- or polymyositis between 1967 and 1986, with the view of determining the cardiovascular complications specific to these diseases. The patients' mean age was 51 years, less than 6 months had elapsed between first symptoms and diagnosis, and 31 p. 100 of the patients had died. The electrocardiogram was considered normal in 46 patients, none of whom presented with the slighted clinical evidence of cardiovascular involvement. ECG abnormalities were present in 10 cases, including 5 with disorders of conduction. Five cases of cardiovascular pathology with clinical manifestations were discovered. A 36-year old woman had severe myocardial pathology with marked rhabdomyolysis (CPK greater than 100,000) and complete atrio-ventricular block requiring emergency pacemaker implantation. Three years after the onset of the disease, and whilst the clinical signs of polymyositis had regressed, this patient still had complete AVB and moderately dilated congestive cardiomyopathy. This study shows that cardiac complications of dermato-polymyositis are rare and predominantly consist of disorders of conduction which may become permanent and associated with alterations of left ventricular kinetics. The authors suggest that a high-risk category for patients with disorders of conduction and cardiomyopathy can be identified by echocardiography, but this examination needs mainly be performed in cases when ECG abnormalities are present, since no clinical cardiac pathology was observed in patients of this series with normal electrocardiogram.

Adult↗

PubMed1987

[Indications for the long-term electrocardiogram and echocardiogram after a cerebral ischemia complication].

Ninety patients admitted to a neurology unit for cerebral ischaemic accident without evidence of embolism from the heart were examined by ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring (AEM) and by echocardiography assessable in 76 cases. On the basis of a standard cardiac evaluation (SCE) including physical examination, chest radiography and electrocardiography, the patients were divided into 3 groups: 42 with normal SCE (group I), 19 with isolated arterial hypertension (group II) and 36 with patent cardiac disease (group III). Significant abnormalities were detected by AEM in 10.5% of group I patients, 18.5% of group II patients and 33% of group III patients. A structural cardiopathy was discovered at echocardiography in 33%, 62% and 91% respectively of patients in these 3 groups. The greatest number of mitral valve prolapses (7/9 cases) was found in group I. The main echocardiographic abnormality detected in group II was dilatation of the left cardiac cavities: atrium more than 38 mm in 8 cases, ventricle more than 50 mm in 3 cases. Comparisons between the two explorations showed that arrhythmias were often associated with dilatation of the left cardiac cavities (39%) and much less frequently with mitral valve prolapse (11%) and myocardial hypertrophy (16%). Our results suggest that when examinations cannot be routinely performed in hospital patients with a cerebral ischaemic accident echocardiography should be reserved to patients with heart disease or hypertension, and AEM to those with heart disease or hypertension and with dilatation of the left cardiac cavities.

Adult↗

PubMed1987

[Efficacy and tolerance of propafenone in the treatment of cardiac rhythm disorders. Evaluation of a multicenter open trial on 3,687 patients].

Propafenone, an anti-arrhythmic medication recently introduced in class lc, was tested in a multicentric open study including 3,687 patients (mean age: 60 years), presenting a supra ventricular (n = 2,146, 59 p. cent), nodal (n = 351, 10 p. cent) or ventricular (n = 1,613, 44 p. cent) arrhythmia, in order to study its efficacy and tolerance. After exclusion of the patients on whom there was a contra-indications to the use of anti-arrhythmic drugs, Propafenone was administered orally, on a long-term basis, at the usual dose of 600-900 mg per 24 hours. The efficacy and tolerance were evaluated according to the usual clinical and paraclinical criteria (EKG, Holter) on the 15th day, then every month during the treatment period. The efficacy of the treatment was evaluated as very good in 54 p. cent of the cases, good in 25 p. cent of the cases, average in 8 p. cent of the patients and non-existent or non significant for 13 p. cent of the patients. Electrocardiographic alterations under Propafenone are already described: CF, PR, QRS. A cardiac undesirable side effect occurred 102 times, most often a sinus bradycardia type (n = 26), atrio-ventricular conduction disorders (n = 22) or intraventricular conduction disorders (n = 26), disorders of cardiac decompensation (n = 10) or arrhythmogenic effect (n = 18). Other side effects are gastro-intestinal in nature (taste alterations, nausea, vomiting, gastralgia) for 23 p. cent of the patients treated, neuro-sensorial in origin (dizziness, visual disorders, tremors) for 13 p. cent of the patients or of another nature for 5 p. cent of patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMed1985

[Endocavitary electrocautery of a right anterior bundle of Kent].

The authors report another case of successful endocavitary electrocautery in a young woman with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. The pre-excitation was controlled by the administration of two 250 joule electrical shocks applied to the atrial origin of the right anterior bundle. The clinical and laboratory tolerance were satisfactory. Although these results are encouraging, other studies are required in order to define the indications and protocols of electrocautery of accessory pathways.

Adult↗

PubMed1985