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Biomedical subjects

P Clements

Publications and source records attributed to P Clements.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

A rapid four column purification of 2-deoxy-D-glucoside-2-sulphamate sulphohydrolase from human liver.

2-Deoxy-D-glucoside-2-sulphamate sulphohydrolase was extracted from human liver and purified 40 000-fold by a simple four column procedure. The purification was followed using a specific substrate isolated from an acid hydrolysate of heparin, O-(alpha-2-sulphamino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1 leads to 3)-L-[6,3H]idonic acid. Only one form of the enzyme was seen on either ion exchange chromatography or isoelectric focussing, with a pI of 6.8. The apparent Mr of the holoenzyme as determined by gel filtration was 190 000 +/- 20 000. Two other larger Mr protein peaks observed on gel filtration appear to be an inactive dimer of the 190 000 dalton peak and a larger aggregate near the exclusion limit of the column. On polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulphate, with or without prior reduction, each protein peak from the gel filtration column electrophoresed as a single major band with an apparent Mr corresponding to 55 000 +/- 6000.

Chromatography, Gel↗
PubMed1983

Late onset hypothyroidism after subtotal thyroidectomy for hyperthyroidism: implications for long term follow-up.

A follow-up register has been used in Aberdeen and Dundee to record early and late onset hypothyroidism occurring in a large population of post-thyroidectomy patients treated for hyperthyroidism. In one centre, in a total of 1170 patients, the prevalence of postoperative hypothyroidism, at the time of entry to the register, was 41 per cent. Of these early cases of hypothyroidism 93 per cent occurred within 18 months of operation. Results are presented from a 12-year prospective study of patients treated in two centres, who were euthyroid when entered on the follow-up register. In one centre, based on 683 patients, the 10-year incidence of late onset hypothyroidism estimated by actuarial methods was 7.4 per cent (95 per cent confidence limits, 3.8-11.1); in the other centre with 156 patients the 5-year incidence was 10.8 per cent (95 per cent confidence limits, 3-18.6). The minimum predicted annual incidence is 1 per cent. Large thyroid remnants do not protect some patients against early or late postoperative hypothyroidism but do lead to an increased risk of recurrent hyperthyroidism. Hypothyroidism after subtotal thyroidectomy for hyperthyroidism shows a bimodal pattern and this study emphasizes the need to maintain life-long follow-up.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1983

A high recovery method for concentrating microgram quantities of protein from large volumes of solution.

A method is presented for the recovery of 40-80% of the protein from a 1 microgram/ml solution. The final protein pellet is free of detergent and other ionic compounds and is thus compatible with any denaturing solution. The primary structure of the protein is unaffected by the procedure, making the final pellet an ideal sample for any analytical procedure to determine protein structure.

Chemical Precipitation↗
PubMed1981

Breast cancer in thyroid disease: fact or fallacy?

The incidence of breast cancer was examined prospectively in 2523 patients registered in a thyroid follow-up system. No significant differences were found between the observed and expected numbers of cases in any of the sub-groups defined by age, underlying pathology, or type of treatment. These results provide no indication that the risk of breast cancer is increased in patients treated for thyroid disease.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

Double-blind placebo controlled crossover evaluation of levamisole in rheumatoid arthritis.

During levamisole therapy, 14 of 20 patients with previously unresponsive rheumatoid arthritis had significant improvement (P less than 0.05) in clinical measures of disease activity, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and rheumatoid factor titer in a 32-week double-blind placebo controlled crossover trial. Levamisole was shown to alter antibody responses to tetanus and typhoid antigens, lymphocyte blastogenesis to phytohemagglutinins, and the number of null cells in peripheral blood. Agranulocytosis and rash resulted in discontinuation of the drug in one patient in each group. Though clearly effective, routine use of levamisole as a disease suppressant in rheumatoid arthritis must await more complete clarification of its association with agranulocytosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Renal function during therapy in patients with congestive cardiac failure. Ticrynafen vs. hydrochlorothiazide.

14 patients with congestive heart failure requiring diuretic therapy were randomly assigned to treatment with ticrynafen (TCRN) 250 mg or hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) 50 mg once or twice daily. Both diuretics were effective and comparable in effecting a significant weight loss and increase in urinary sodium. The major difference between the two compounds was the marked fall in serum uric acid concentration and the increase in uric acid clearance occurring with ticrynafen. HCTZ caused an increase in serum uric acid and a fall in uric acid clearance. It is concluded that ticrynafen is a useful diuretic in the treatment of congestive heart failure and has the advantage of lowering serum uric acid rather than producing hyperuricemia.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1979

Arthritic hand response to pressure gradient gloves.

Five women with osteoarthritis and 10 with rheumatoid arthritis and finger joint involvement wore a pressure gradient glove, a control glove, or no glove in a randomly assigned sequence. All were outpatients. Each patient wore the assigned glove nightly for 1 week, after which a battery of subjective and objective data, including number of tender joints, ring size, grip strength, palmar temperature, and hand function were obtained. In all, 105 separate examinaion sessions were completed over 7 visits, with each hand serving as its own control in the experimental design. The palmar skin temperature was elevated in both patient groups when either a pressure gradient or control glove was worn. In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, the only significant difference was that the pressure gradient glove reduced ring size when compared to the control glove or no glove. No differences were detected in the patients with osteoarthritis.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship between cytokine levels and coronary artery disease in women.

Inflammation is thought to have a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD), and the measurement of markers of inflammation has been suggested to improve the identification of individuals at risk for this disease. The incidence of CAD in women is not accounted for by conventional risk factors, and the association of CAD and the antiinflammatory cytokine transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) in this population is unknown. Associations among TGF-beta1, the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and CAD severity in inner city women were examined. Fifty-three women requiring angiography (mean age, 60.7 years) were stratified as having on of the following conditions: 0 vessel disease (VD) (n = 20), 1 (VD) (n = 10), 2 VD (n = 9), or 3 VD (n = 14). Fasting serum cytokine levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum TGF-beta1 was lower in patients with extensive disease (2 and 3 VD versus 0 and 1 VD). The lowest TGF-beta1 levels (<30 ng/mL) were in the 2 and 3 VD groups. In contrast, in the 0 and 1 VD groups, TGF-beta1 was above 41 ng/mL. Serum TGF-beta1 correctly classified the severity of CAD in 62.3% of patients, with a predictive threshold of 58 ng/mL by discriminant function analysis. TGF-beta1 may be a determinant of clinical events and outcome in CAD in women.

Aged↗