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Biomedical subjects

P Cartier

Publications and source records attributed to P Cartier.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Lipase redistribution in cows' milk during induced lipolysis. I. Activation by agitation, temperature change, blood serum and heparin.

Effects of agitation, temperature change, blood serum and heparin on lipolysis and on distribution of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in cold-stored cows' milk were measured. All individual milks (n = 135) were susceptible to activation treatments. With 'gentle' treatments, induced lipolysis was strongly correlated to spontaneous lipolysis (r greater than or equal to 0.74). In contrast, induced lipolysis in response to 'vigorous' treatments was more variable (0.7 greater than r greater than 0.34) and levelled off in milks with high spontaneous lipolysis. Induced lipolysis always resulted from an increase in LPL associated with cream. Strong correlations (0.79 less than or equal to r less than or equal to 0.94) were found between free fatty acid levels and cream LPL. All treatments (except heparin addition) also promoted lipolysis/unit cream LPL.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Lipase redistribution in cows' milk during induced lipolysis. II. Activation by milk pH adjustment.

Cold-stored milk lipolysis was enhanced from 5- to 50-fold when milk pH was adjusted to 7-8 with NaOH, while it was greatly decreased or stopped by an adjustment to pH 6-5.5 with citric acid. Small adjustments in pH (less than or equal to 0.5 pH unit) also affected lipolysis, but the pH of native milk was not related to spontaneous lipolysis. The binding of lipoprotein lipase to cream was a pH-dependent process with an optimum near pH 7.0. Activity of the cream lipase on cold-stored milk fat continuously increased from pH 6.6 to pH 8.5. The activating effect of heparin on cold-stored milk lipolysis reached a maximum at pH 7.0-8.0 and a minimum in native milk, while addition of blood serum gave an opposite response.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Results of surgical treatment of patellar disequilibrium. Apropos of 311 cases].

Three hundred eleven operations for patellar instability were reviewed after 2 to 10 years. Best results were obtained with surgical procedures on the quadriceps, especially with plasty of the vastus medialis and occasional transposition of the tibial tuberosity. If the procedure was limited to the patellar cartilage or the tibial tuberosity only, the results were not as good. Good results were achieved in 84 per cent of 269 patients: 14 per cent were satisfactory and 2 per cent were failures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[*primary osteonecrosis of the medial femoral condyle. Unicompartmental or total replacement?].

We have inserted 18 Mod II unicondylar knee replacements for idiopathic necrosis of the medial femoral condyle. The age of the patients at operation averaged 72 years, with a range of 49 to 90. The average length of follow up at review was 4 years 6 months, with a range of 2 to 8 years. The only notable complication was deterioration of the lateral compartment if operation had produced overcorrection of the tibiofemoral angle. The stability, level of pain, range of movement and function was satisfactory in 95% of the knees. The average flexion obtained was 115 degrees, and was deliberately restricted to this level to diminish stress on the lateral side. It did not result in aseptic loosening. Most knee flexion deformities were corrected at operation. Laxity and instability before operation were usually due to bone loss rather than ligament insufficiency, and were corrected by the prosthesis. A varus deformity of more than 10 degrees, a flexion deformity greater than 15 degrees or femorotibial subluxation were not considered to be contraindications to this operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

A new porcine bioprosthesis: design rationale and early clinical experience.

The Medtronic Intact valve is a third-generation porcine bioprosthesis produced using a leaflet fixation process which imposes virtually zero hydrostatic pressure. This fixation method provides optimal preservation of the original leaflet structure and integrity and should result in an improvement in durability compared to conventional preservation techniques. The biomechanical basis for this hypothesis is presented along with early experience with 118 patients (125 valves). There have been no complications related to primary valve failure and the incidence of other valve related events is acceptable.

Aortic Valve↗
PubMed1987

Unicondylar knee arthroplasty. 2-10 years of follow-up evaluation.

One hundred fifty-nine Mod II unicompartmental knee arthroplasties were reviewed. The follow-up period ranged from 2 to 10 years (average, 4 years and 6 months). Osteoarthritis was the most common reason for arthroplasty (108 cases). The patients' age at the time of operation averaged 72 years (range, 28-92 years). The diagnosis directly influenced the quality of the final results, which were assessed according to pain, range of motion, stability, and function. Patients with osteoarthritis and medial condyle osteonecrosis had the best results. The average flexion angle obtained was 115 degrees, and the average residual axial deviation was 6 degrees for varus deformities and 8 degrees for valgus deformities. Nine failures, including two deep infections, four femorotibial subluxations, two cases of deterioration of the opposite compartment, and one loosening, required eight revision procedures. Knee instability due to bony loss, much more frequent in osteoarthritis than pure ligamentous laxity, was regularly corrected with this procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Cushing syndrome with food-dependent periodic hormonogenesis.

Periodic hormonogenesis has been described in patients with ACTH-dependent hypercorticism, and fluctuations of cortisol secretion have also been observed in patients with adrenal tumors. In this report, we studied a 41-year-old white male who presented with hypertension, central obesity, and muscle weakness of 2-years duration. His plasma cortisol was low (4.5 micrograms) in the morning and high in the evening (29.3 micrograms). Urinary free cortisol was 750 micrograms/day. A 24-hour cycle demonstrated highest values at noon and in late afternoon. This pattern was not suppressed by dexamethasone. When the patient was kept fasting, plasma cortisol remained low all day, and became elevated immediately after meal administration overnight. A left-sided adrenal mass was demonstrated and removed. In vitro, the adenylate cyclase activity of tumor tissue demonstrated more significant response to vasopressin than to ACTH; other tested peptides were inactive. We propose that a humoral factor induced by eating was responsible for the periodic hormonogenesis, directly stimulating the adrenal secretion of cortisol.

17-Ketosteroids↗
PubMed1986

Effects of different skim milk fractions on activity of cow milk purified lipoprotein lipase.

Hydrolysis of a long-chain triglyceride substrate by purified cow milk lipoprotein lipase, in the absence of blood serum, was changed by adding heated skim milks. Preincubation of the substrate with small amounts of several skim milks increased (+50 to 300%) lipoprotein lipase activity. By contrast, greater amounts of skim milk increased further or decreased lipoprotein lipase activity (+ 300 to -90%). The inhibitory effect was due to substrate surface protection. Results obtained after removal of casein (by isoelectric precipitation or by ultracentrifugation) and of whey proteins (by heat treatment) showed that the effect of skim milk was due to the proteose-peptone fraction. Fractionation of the proteose-peptone fraction into component 5-enriched fraction and component 3-enriched fractions suggested that the activating effect was due partially to proteose-peptone component 5, and the inhibitory effect resulted from component 3. These effects were overcome by blood serum.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Consequences of the salvage of purine compounds on the proliferation of rat T-lymphocytes with normal or inhibited purine de novo synthesis.

We studied the ability of purine compounds to restore the proliferation of concanavalin-A-stimulated rat T-lymphocytes under conditions of purine de novo synthesis inhibition and, on the other hand, the inhibition by purine nucleosides of the response of these cells to a mitogenic stimulation under conditions of normal purine de novo synthesis. The use of 50 microM azaserine, a potent inhibitor of purine de novo synthesis, allowed us to define the physiologically active salvage pathways of purine bases, ribo- and deoxyribonucleosides in concanavalin-A-stimulated rat T-lymphocytes. Except for guanylic compounds, all purines completely restored cell proliferation at a concentration of 50 microM. Guanine, guanosine and 2'-deoxyguanosine at concentrations up to 500 microM did not allow us to restore more than 50% of the cell proliferation. In conditions of normal purine de novo synthesis, the addition of 1000 microM adenine, adenosine, 2'-deoxyadenosine or 100 microM 2'-deoxyguanosine inhibited rat T-lymphocyte proliferation. The differences between the degree of inhibition of cell proliferation could be explained only in part by the differences between the capacities of salvage of these compounds. Furthermore, the fact that 2'-deoxyguanosine toxicity was dependent and 2'-deoxyadenosine toxicity independent on the activation state of the cells provided more evidence that the biochemical mechanisms of inhibition of cell proliferation should be different for these two nucleosides.

AMP Deaminase↗
PubMed1984

[Rupture of a congenital aneurysm of the sinus of Valsalva].

The ruptured aneurysm of the sinus of Valsalva is a rare congenital anomaly which we encountered in less then 1% of our surgical patients. We recently operated on a young girl suffering from this congenital malformation consisting of a 15 mm long fistula arising from the right coronary sinus and giving rise to a 6 cm aneurysm which dissected the interatrial septum as well as the posterolateral wall of the right atrium before rupturing into this cavity. Because of the unusual presentation of this malformation, which has never been described previously, we though worthwhile reporting this case in details. We also summarized the embryological, anatomopathological, clinical and surgical aspects discussed in the literature.

Aorta↗
PubMed1982

Clinical and radiographic evaluation of modular knee replacement. A review of 95 cases.

Ninety-five modular total knee replacements, 54 of them unicompartmental, have been reviewed. The average follow-up was three years. The major indication for operation was pain. A precise reoperative radiographic evaluation and a technique for a positioning the components are described. This had led to a significant improvement in the clinical and radiographic results in 67 out of 95 knees which were operated on. The modifications concern the orientation of the tibial cut, the placing of the femoral components and the correction of axial deviation. The main causes of the 13% of failures in our series were either errors in positioning the components or a preoperative diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. Unicompartmental replacement gave similar results in both valgus and varus knees, and the morbidity was lower than in the biocompartmental replacements. The best results were obtained in osteoarthritic knees in elderly patients and in posttraumatic osteoarthritis.

Adult↗