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Biomedical subjects

P C Reade

Publications and source records attributed to P C Reade.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Heterochrony in the development of vestigial and functional deciduous incisors in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.).

Foetal and postnatal development of vestigial and functional deciduous incisors was reexamined using routine serial histological sections of maxillae and mandibles at daily intervals from day 16 postconception to postnatal day 15. It was found that the development of the maxillary and mandibular vestigial incisor teeth was more rapid than that of the functional incisors and that, of the functional incisors, the maxillary posterior deciduous incisors were the slowest to develop. It appeared from this study that a basic morphogenetic requirement for unfolding structure, ie, developmental timing, was not critical in generating hypsodont or brachydont teeth. A proposition has been made that originally juvenile stages of odontogenesis represent a continuously growing system, which during evolution has successively become typical for adult descendants.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Cardiovascular, biochemical, and hormonal responses to intravenous sedation with local analgesia versus general anesthesia in patients undergoing oral surgery.

The effects of intravenous conscious sedation and general anesthesia on a number of stress variables were compared in healthy patients undergoing oral surgery. In the intravenous sedation group only the levels of plasma growth hormone and prolactin rose significantly. In the general anesthesia group significant rises were seen in heart rate; systolic blood pressure; mean arterial pressure; levels of plasma adrenaline, adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol, and prolactin; and levels of blood glucose, all indicative of a stress response. This study demonstrates that oral surgery under intravenous conscious sedation with local analgesia is associated with less patient stress than is oral surgery under general anesthesia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Exfoliative cheilitis--a factitious disorder?

Exfoliative cheilitis is an uncommon lip lesion usually of great concern to the patient and quite refractory to treatment. The available literature was surveyed, and 3 cases have been described to illustrate various aspects of the condition. The difficulty of treating such lesions has been discussed, and a proposition put forward that the lesions are of a factitious nature.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Erythema multiforme and Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Report and discussion of a case presenting with stomatitis.

A case report is presented in which a respiratory tract infection with M. pneumoniae appears to have provoked a generalised mucocutaneous disease, described as Stevens Johnson syndrome. The patient possessed complement-fixing antibodies to M. pneumoniae to a titre of 1/2048 compared with the general population titre of 1/32. The oral mucosal lesions are described in particular and a likely pathogenesis of erythema multiforme is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Initiation and promotion of experimental oral mucosal carcinogenesis in mice.

While there is considerable evidence that skin carcinogenesis proceeds as a step-wise series of changes, little evidence is available to indicate that a similar mechanism applies to oral mucosal carcinogenesis. In the current study, a mouse model of mucosal carcinogenesis was used to examine the effects of repeated applications of the phorbol ester phorbol-12,13-didecanoate (PDD) following various periods of treatment with the carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO). All animals were histologically examined at 50 weeks. Oral epithelial dysplasia was seen in animals treated with 4NQO for as little as 2 weeks, and oral squamous cell carcinomas developed in all animals treated with 4NQO for 16 weeks. In those mice treated with PDD as well, carcinomas developed in mice receiving as little as 2 weeks treatment with 4NQO, and 100% of mice treated with 4NQO for 12 weeks, followed by PDD treatment, developed carcinomas. The results indicate that irreversible changes in the oral mucosa of mice occur relatively early during treatment with 4NQO, and the development of carcinomas can be enhanced with subsequent PDD treatment, giving an indication of staged carcinogenesis in this model system.

4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide↗
PubMed1985

Photogrammetry used to assess post-operative facial swelling in a drug trial.

A trial was designed to test the efficacy of ibuprofen in controlling post-operative pain and swelling following the surgical removal of lower third molar teeth. Because of the rigid criteria imposed on the trial it was not satisfactorily completed but the method of measuring the volume of the swelling by stereometric photogrammetry, which is reproducible, versatile and non-invasive, was considered to be worth reporting in context.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

An example of the use of quantitation in histological diagnosis by a comparison of normal human cheek mucosa and cheek mucosa affected by lichen planus.

As an example of the use of quantitation in histological diagnosis the features of normal human cheek mucosa (NHCM) and non-ulcerative lichen planus of the cheek mucosa (LPCM) have been systematically studied and quantified in order to establish normal and pathological features which are constant. The technique enabled the quantitative verification of previously held concepts relating to NHCM and LPCM. A number of interesting features which have been given little attention in past literature were also noted. It is proposed that a reliable quantifiable range of characteristic histological features should be established for use in diagnosis where possible rather than relying on the subjective approach currently employed.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1985

X-irradiation induced degranulation of cells of convoluted granular tubules of murine submandibular salivary glands.

A single dose of 800 rad x-irradiation was shown to cause degranulation of the cells of the convoluted granular tubules of adult male Swiss white mice. By direct immunofluorescence, the degranulation was found to be associated with loss of immunoreactive epidermal growth factor (EGF) from the convoluted granular tubules. Immunoreactive EGF was found in some cells of tubules that were severely degranulated, and this was interpreted to be related to the greater sensitivity of the immunofluorescence method. The degranulation progressed from 2 h post-irradiation to be complete by 2 days, from which time a slow return to normal granular appearance and EGF-positive immunofluorescence occurred by 76 days. It was found that the degranulation process could be inhibited by the alpha-adrenergic blocking drug phentolamine (1 mg/ml in drinking water) suggesting that the effect of the x-irradiation was at least partly mediated by way of an alpha-adrenergic mechanism. It was speculated that this mechanism could have derived from an effect of the x-irradiation on neural elements, or by way of increased circulating catecholamines caused by the stress of the x-irradiation, in addition to direct effects of irradiation on the cells of the convoluted granular tubules.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Experimental induction of preneoplastic and neoplastic changes in the lingual mucosa of rats.

Squamous cell carcinomas of the tongue can be produced reliably in rats by repeated application of the carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide. The histopathological changes in the lingual epithelium during carcinogenesis were progressive, passing through mild to moderate to severe epithelial atypia before the development of squamous cell carcinoma. Initiation, with its putative irreversible cellular changes, occurred within 4 weeks.

4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide↗
PubMed1984

The use of an elimination diet in the treatment of recurrent aphthous ulceration of the oral cavity.

The involvement of components of food in the causation of recurrent aphthous ulceration of the oral mucosa is controversial. To test the proposition, seventeen patients with RAU which had been resistant to other forms of treatment were studied with the aid of a strict elimination diet. Five patients abandoned the difficult diet, and of the remaining twelve there were five patients who had remission of RAU while on the diet. In four of these five patients a particular food was identified which, when eliminated from the normal diet, led to either marked improvement or resolution. The results of this study clearly indicate the participation of food components in the etiology of some cases of RAU .

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Experimental induction of oral squamous cell carcinomas in mice with 4-nitroquinolone-1-oxide.

The oral mucosa of mice is resistant to the action of a variety of carcinogens. In this study, the water-soluble carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) was applied repeatedly to the palates of male CBA mice for 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, or 16 weeks, and the animals were observed for the remainder of the 50-week experimental period. Oral epithelial atypia and squamous cell carcinoma were observed with increasing prevalence as the period of carcinogen exposure was increased. Carcinomas developed by 50 weeks in all animals that received 4NQO for 16 weeks.

4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide↗
PubMed1984

Allopurinol-amplified lichenoid reactions of the oral mucosa.

Three cases of oral lichenoid reaction linked with the administration of allopurinol are presented. Withdrawal of the drug resulted in considerable clinical improvement in one case and complete resolution of the ulcerative lesions in the other two cases. The consideration of drug-induced reactions in the differential diagnosis of oral mucosal diseases has been emphasized.

Allopurinol↗
PubMed1984

Undifferentiated connective tissue disease.

The purpose of this article is to bring to the attention of clinicians the diagnostic difficulties encountered in some patients with connective tissue syndromes. The relevant literature is reviewed, and a case of undifferentiated connective tissue disease in a patient with an oral mucosal disorder is described.

Adult↗