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P Brousset

Publications and source records attributed to P Brousset.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

Gene expression profiling identifies molecular subgroups among nodal peripheral T-cell lymphomas.

The classification of peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) is still a matter of debate. To establish a molecular classification of PTCL, we analysed 59 primary nodal T-cell lymphomas using cDNA microarrays, including 56 PTCL and three T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL). The expression profiles could discriminate angioimmunoblastic lymphoma, anaplastic large-cell lymphoma and T-LBL. In contrast, cases belonging to the broad category of 'PTCL, unspecified' (PTCL-U) did not share a single molecular profile. Using a multiclass predictor, we could separate PTCL-U into three molecular subgroups called U1, U2 and U3. The U1 gene expression signature included genes known to be associated with poor outcome in other tumors, such as CCND2. The U2 subgroup was associated with overexpression of genes involved in T-cell activation and apoptosis, including NFKB1 and BCL-2. The U3 subgroup was mainly defined by overexpression of genes involved in the IFN/JAK/STAT pathway. It comprised a majority of histiocyte-rich PTCL samples. Gene Ontology annotations revealed different functional profile for each subgroup. These results suggest the existence of distinct subtypes of PTCL-U with specific molecular profiles, and thus provide a basis to improve their classification and to develop new therapeutic targets.

Gene Expression Profiling↗

"In situ-like" mantle cell lymphoma: a report of two cases.

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a B cell neoplasm that most often shows a diffuse growth pattern. Two cases of MCL are reported here, both with a previous diagnosis of lymphoid hyperplasia. Morphologically, germinal centres are hyperplasic with a normal or discretely enlarged mantle zone, where foci of irregularly shaped small lymphocytes are seen. These are positive for CD20, CD5 and cyclin D1, confirming a diagnosis of in situ-like MCL. This type differs from the mantle zone pattern in that the neoplastic mantle zone is very thin and there is very little or no spread of tumour cells into interfollicular areas. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on such a pattern of MCL, which is important to recognise, as it can be confused with lymphoid hyperplasia.

Aged↗

Detection of human cytomegalovirus genome and gene products in central nervous system tumours.

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) genome and related proteins have been reported in a great proportion of malignant gliomas. However, these results are unexpected since HCMV is not known as an oncogenic virus. By immunohistochemistry (with an anti-IE1 monoclonal antibody) and in situ hybridisation (with biotinylated DNA probes) on tissue microarrays and frozen sections, we investigated a French series of central nervous system (CNS) tumours, including 97 glioblastomas. In 10 cases of glioblastoma, rare astrocyte-like cells, admixed with tumour cells, stained positively for HCMV and in one case a doubtful staining of rare cells was noticed. This may indicate a reactivation of the virus under local immunosuppression but none of the cases of CNS tumours (n=132) contained HCMV genomes and/or proteins in a significant proportion of tumour cells. Our results strongly suggest that HCMV is unlikely to be implicated in the development of human malignant gliomas, at least in French cases.

Adult↗

Detection of oncogenic virus genomes and gene products in lung carcinoma.

We investigated a series of 122 cases of small cell lung carcinomas and non-small cell lung carcinomas for the presence of several viruses that are known to be oncogenic in humans. Thus, viral genomes (DNA) and/or RNA transcripts and/or proteins of human papillomaviruses (HPV) 16, 18, 31, 33, 51, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and simian virus 40 (SV40) were investigated on tissue sections (prepared in tissue microarrays) with different techniques of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridisation. None of the cases displayed a single positive tumour cell for all the viruses tested whatever the technique applied. Of note, in five cases of tumours with lymphoid infiltrates, we detected scattered EBV (EBER)-positive bystander lymphocytes. In three cases, a faint nuclear staining was found with the anti-latent nuclear antigen/LANA1 (HHV-8) antibody. These cases were checked by PCR with two sets of primers (orf 26 and orf 75) and remained negative for this latter virus. Taken together, our data strongly suggest that the conventional human oncogenic viruses (HPV, EBV, HCMV, HHV-8 and SV40) are unlikely to play some role in the development of lung carcinomas..

Adenocarcinoma↗

Immunodetection of SV40 large T antigen in human central nervous system tumours.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: DNA sequences from Simian virus 40 (SV40) have been previously isolated from various human tumours of the central nervous system (CNS). This study aimed to investigate a series of tumours of the CNS for the expression of the SV40 large T antigen (Tag), which is an oncogenic protein of the virus. METHODS: A French series of 82 CNS tumours was investigated for Tag expression using a monoclonal antibody and immunohistochemistry. A Tag positive hepatocellular carcinoma cell line from transgenic mice and a kidney biopsy from a patient infected by SV40 were used as positive controls. RESULTS: None of the tumours (20 ependymomas, 20 glioblastomas, 12 oligodendrogliomas, three plexus choroid adenomas, two plexus choroid carcinomas, 15 meningiomas, and 10 medulloblastomas) contained SV40 Tag positive cells. CONCLUSIONS: The lack of SV40 Tag in 82 CNS tumours of various types is at variance with previous studies from different countries, and suggests that the virus may not be an important factor in CNS tumorigenesis, at least in French cases.

Adolescent↗

Establishment of a novel anaplastic large-cell lymphoma-cell line (COST) from a 'small-cell variant' of ALCL.

Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a distinct biological and cytogenetic entity with a broad spectrum of morphological features (common type, small-cell variant and lymphohistiocytic variant). Few cell lines of ALCL are available and they all originate from primary tumors demonstrating the common type morphology (ie large-sized lymphoma cells). We established a new ALCL cell line (COST) from the peripheral blood of a patient with a small-cell variant of ALCL, at diagnosis. Cells growing in vitro and in SCID mice consisted of two populations, that is, small- and large-sized cells as seen in the patient's tumor. Both large and small malignant cells were positive for CD43/MT1 T-cell associated antigen, perforin, granzyme B and TIA-1, but negative for CD2, CD3, CD5, CD7, CD4 and CD8 antigens. Standard cytogenetic studies as well as multiplex FISH confirmed the presence of the canonical t(2;5)(p23;q35) translocation, but also revealed additional numerical and structural abnormalities. The COST cell line is the first ALCL small-cell variant cell line, and thus provides a potentially useful tool for further functional and molecular studies that should improve our understanding of the small-cell variant of ALCL, which is more frequently complicated by a leukemic phase.

Animals↗

Increased vascularization in myeloma.

Several studies have shown that the number of intratumoral vessels can predict the aggressiveness of a solid cancer, development of metastases and patient survival. Does angiogenesis play an important role in myeloma? The aim of our study was to quantify bone marrow vascularity in various stages of proliferative plasma cell disorders (monoclonal gammopathies of undetermined significance (MGUS), stage I multiple myeloma (MM), stage III MM and Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (WM)) and to compare it with that of patients with osteoporosis. The study included 15 MGUS patients, 15 patients with stage I MM, 15 patients with symptomatic stage III MM, 7 patients with WM, 10 patients with osteoporosis, and 10 patients with reactive bone marrow (RBM), matched for sex and age. After iliac crest biopsy, the various vessels (arterioles, capillaries and sinusoids) were labeled with monoclonal antibodies CD34 and counted, and a histomorphometric study was done. The number of arterioles and arterial capillaries was significantly increased in MGUS and myeloma compared with osteoporosis. The number of arterioles and arterial capillaries increased moderately according to the stage of gravity of myeloma. The number of arterioles is negatively correlated with the trabecular bone volume and positively correlated with the eroded surfaces.

Adult↗

Post renal transplantation human herpesvirus 8-associated lymphoproliferative disorder and Kaposi's sarcoma.

Post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) and Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) are immunosuppression-related tumours developing in solid organ transplant patients. Although the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is detected in the majority of the PTLDs during the first year after transplantation, the proportion of EBV-negative PTLDs has increased in recent years. We report a case of a 17-year-old man who developed severe immune haemolytic anaemia, KS and human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8)-associated, polymorphic-type PTLD 9 months after allogeneic renal transplantation from his HHV-8-seropositive father. It is suggested that: (i) HHV-8 may be associated with EBV-negative, polymorphous-type PTLD occurring less than 1 year after transplantation, and (ii) PTLD may be listed among other tumours, including KS, Castleman's disease and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), that are related to HHV-8 infection.

Adolescent↗

Colocalization of the viral interleukin-6 with latent nuclear antigen-1 of human herpesvirus-8 in endothelial spindle cells of Kaposi's sarcoma and lymphoid cells of multicentric Castleman's disease.

Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) also called Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infects spindle cells in Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and lymphoid cells in multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD). In KS cells, HHV-8 is mainly latent with the expression of latent nuclear antigen-1 (LNA-1), whereas in MCD both lytic and latent antigens are produced by lymphoid cells. We show by immunohistochemical labeling that in KS viral interleukin-6 (vIL-6) is expressed in rare spindle cells, whereas in MCD, vIL-6 is detectable in lymphoid cells around lymphoid follicles but also within the follicular dendritic reticulum cell network. The staining of apoptotic bodies with anti IL-6 antibody suggests the achievement of a complete lytic cycle in a subset of lymphoid cells. Interestingly, in MCD, some areas contained vascular spindle cells latently infected by HHV-8 on the basis of LNA-1 expression. This finding might imply that in MCD, both vascular and lymphoid cells proliferate in response to the viral infection. Double immunostaining with anti LNA-1 and anti vIL-6 in MCD and KS identifies 2 subsets of HHV-8 infected (vascular and lymphoid) cells, some with exclusive expression of LNA-1 and some with coexpression of vIL-6 and LNA-1. This suggests that in vivo the regulation of the expression vIL-6 and LNA-1 protein varies with the cell type. In addition, the detection of infected endothelial cells in MCD may indicate that these cells belong to the reservoir for HHV-8.

Apoptosis↗

Detection and characterization of human herpesvirus-8-infected cells in bone marrow biopsies of human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients.

We studied 15 bone marrow biopsy specimens from patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection for detection of Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV-8) DNA sequences by a very sensitive and specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay (with 3 different sets of primers). In addition, we used immunohistochemistry with antiviral interleukin-6 (vIL-6) and anti-latent nuclear antigen-1 (LNA-1) antibodies to localize the infected cells on tissue sections. Among the 15 samples, 6 had positive PCR results with the 3 sets of primers (orf26, orf72, orf75). Interestingly, in 2 of these 6 patients (both with Kaposi sarcoma) vIL-6 and LNA-1 were detected in mononuclear lymphoid cells but not in stromal cells of the bone marrow. The detection of vIL-6--positive lymphoid cells in bone marrow suggests a homing for HHV-8--infected elements in this tissue. The local release of vIL-6 may play some role in the plasmacytosis observed in bone marrow in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. HUM PATHOL 32:288-291.

Adult↗

Simultaneous occurrence of Epstein-Barr virus associated Hodgkin's disease and HHV-8 related multicentric Castleman's disease: a fortuitous event?

Previous serological or molecular studies by means of the polymerase chain reaction have failed to show an association between classic Hodgkin's disease (HD) and human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8). Using immunohistochemistry, this study re-examines (with anti-LNA1 antibody) the possible association of HHV-8 with HD, particularly in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients. HHV-8 was not detected in the Reed Sternberg cells of the cases examined (33 HIV negative and 17 HIV positive), thus confirming the lack of involvement of HHV-8 in HD. Interestingly, a case of HHV-8 positive multicentric Castleman's disease was associated with Epstein-Barr virus positive HD in the same lymph node, which was probably a fortuitous occurrence.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma with the t(2;5)(p23;q35) NPM/ALK chromosomal translocation and duplication of the short arm of the non-translocated chromosome 2 involving the full length of the ALK gene.

This report describes a case of anaplastic large cell lymphoma with the canonical t(2;5)(p23;q35) translocation in association with duplication of the short arm of the non-translocated chromosome 2, as demonstrated by two colour fluorescence in situ hybridisation. Because the tumour cells were tetraploid, these abnormalities were in duplicate, with four copies of the full length ALK gene and two copies of the t(2;5)(p23;q35) translocation. Despite multiple copies of the normal ALK gene, immunohistochemical, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and western blot analysis demonstrated that only the fusion gene NPM/ALK was expressed and that normal ALK genes remained silent. Although based on a single case, these data indicate that structural rather than numerical abnormalities of the ALK gene are implicated in the pathogenesis of anaplastic large cell lymphomas.

Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase↗

Immunohistochemical assessment of human herpesvirus 8 infection in primary central nervous system large B cell lymphomas.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Primary central nervous system large B cell lymphomas (PCNSLs) are frequently associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in patients with AIDS and less frequently in those without AIDS. Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) has been detected in these tumours by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) at low copy number, suggesting its presence in a cell compartment other than the malignant one. The aim of this study was to use immunohistochemistry to assess HHV-8 infection in a series of PCNSLs from patients with and without AIDS. METHODS: The antibody LN53, which reacts with the latent nuclear antigen 1 (LNA1) of HHV-8, was used on tissue sections from 35 patients (17 with and 18 without AIDS) with PCNSL. In addition, DNA was available for PCR (open reading frame 26 (ORF 26), ORF 72, ORF 75) in three patients (two without AIDS, one with AIDS). RESULTS: None of the 35 cases contained either DNA sequences or LNA1 positive cells. CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm the lack of HHV-8 infection in tumour cells of PCNSL. In addition, HHV-8 infected bystander cells do not express LNA1 latent protein in this setting.

Animals↗