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Biomedical subjects

P Brenot

Publications and source records attributed to P Brenot.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Value of rapid acquisition cadences synchronized with the electrocardiogram for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism by digital subtraction angiography].

Pulmonary digital subtraction angiography was performed in 130 patients referred with possible pulmonary emboli. Findings were interpreted as a function of apparatus used (acquisition cadence, size of matrix, ECG synchronization) and of site of injection (peripheral or central). It now appears possible to diagnose pulmonary embolism with satisfactory reliability in 80 to 85% of cases. This examination is safe (absence of selective catheterization of pulmonary artery), and it could become a standard emergency diagnostic procedure for pulmonary embolic disease.

Angiography↗
PubMed1985

[Combined study of carotid bifurcations using intravenous computed angiography and Doppler ultrasound in lower-limb arteritis].

Carotid artery bifurcations were studied in 18 patients with arteritis, by Doppler ultrasound imaging and intravenous computed angiography. Both techniques are reliable examinations for detection of stenosed carotid artery lesions. Combining the two is increasingly used as a reliable means of exploration of stenosis of the carotid artery bifurcations. They therefore reduce the need for the more invasive conventional arteriography.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Posttraumatic occlusion of the 2 vertebral arteries].

Initial radioclinical examination of a 24 year old patient following a road accident showed a hemomediastinum on computed tomography imaging. Digital subtraction angiography by the arterial route demonstrated integrity of abdominal aorta and occlusion of both vertebral arteries soon after their origin. This bilateral occlusion had failed to provoke any neurologic sign imputable to the vascular lesion. A review venous digital subtraction angiography examination two months later gave similar angiographic appearance. Emphasis is placed on the asymptomatic nature of this acute occlusion of the two vertebral arteries and on the value of digital subtraction angiography for vascular exploration of this type of disease.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1985

[Quantification of left ventricular function by subtraction intravenous angiography].

Digitised intravenous angiography (Diva), initially applied to the study of the aorta and great vessels, has benefited from technical advances, especially the possibility of recording 25 frames per second, which now allows studies of the heart itself. 22 subjects underwent angiography with digitised subtraction after injection of 50 ml of sodium diatrizoate and meglumine in the right atrium and selective left ventriculography in the same catheter session. The end diastolic and systolic indices and global ejection fractions were measured independently for each technique by Chapman's method by two observers. The model of digitised angiography used was a CGR Divas prototype functioning in the pulsed graphic mode at 25 images per second. The results showed that the Diva method gave reproducible values of the end diastolic index (101 +/- 29.8 and 104.5 +/- 30.7: r = 0.98), of the end systolic index (43.2 +/- 32.9 and 44.6 +/- 32.5; r = 0.98), and of the ejection fraction (62.5 +/- 17.16 p. 100 and 62.17 +/- 15.7 p. 100; r = 0.96). There was a close correlation between the results of Diva and selective ventriculography (end diastolic index: 97.8 +/- 21.1 and 101.6 +/- 10.3; r = 0.87; end systolic index: 38.82 +/- 24.8 and 43.9 +/- 21.17; r = 0.95; ejection fraction: 62.12 +/- 16.27 and 57.29 +/- 15.53; r = 0.95). There was a significant underestimation of the end systolic index using Diva (0.01 less than p less than 0.02). The originality of the pulsed graphic method is the totally digitised character of the data.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical and electrophysiological aspects of median intra-His bundle block with normal electrocardiogram at rest].

The clinical and electrophysiological features and the natural history of median intra-His block with a normal resting electrocardiogram were studied: 11 patients had a fixed split H1-H2 potential with a spontaneous or induced block between H1 and H2. The patients (5 men and 6 women) were aged 17 to 70 years (average 53 years). Associated pathology included 2 cases of aortic stenosis (1 severe), 1 case of ischaemic heart disease (effort angina), 1 case of mitral valve prolapse and 2 cases of hypertension. The presenting symptoms were syncope (4 cases), dizziness (2 cases), effort angina (1 case) and tiredness (3 cases); 1 patient was asymptomatic. Holter monitoring (24 hours) was performed in 8 patients and s-owed paroxysmal conduction defects in 6 cases; 4 Mobitz II 2nd degree AV block, 1 3rd degree AV block with narrow QRS complexes and 1 case of blocked atrial extrasystoles at coupling intervals longer than 480 ms and sinus cycle lengths of over 800 ms. Exercise testing by bicycle ergometry (4 patients) was normal in 1 case and revealed Mobitz II 2nd degree AV block in 3 cases. Baseline electrophysiological studies showed an A-H1 interval ranging from 60 to 100 ms (average 78 ms), a H1-H2 interval of 20 to 40 ms (average 31 ms) and a H2-V interval of 30 to 50 ms (average 32 ms). Block between H1 and H2 was observed: "spontaneously" during electrophysiological investigation in 6 cases, after IV atropine in 1 case, during overdrive atrial pacing at rates slower than 150/min in 7 cases, after atrial extrastimulus with a functional intra-His refractory period of over 420 ms in 7 cases, after ajmaline in 3 of the 4 cases in which this test was performed. A cardiac pacemaker was implanted in 10 patients in whom the initial symptoms have all regressed; the remaining patient considered to be "epileptic" had another syncopal attack under therapy and was finally paced. This series demonstrates that the diagnosis of median intra-His block depends on precise electrophysiological criteria and should be looked for even when the presenting symptoms are atypical; some of our patients complained only of tiredness. The value of Holter monitoring and careful endocavitary investigation is emphasised. Median intra-His block should be distinguished from longitudinal and functional His bundle dissociation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Determination of the ejection fraction of the left ventricle by videodensitometric analysis of digital angiography. Preliminary results].

Digitalisation enables angiocardiography to be performed by a peripheral intravenous injection. Computer-assisted analysis of the date widens the possibilities of quantification. The authors have developed a videodensitometric method of studying the left ventricular ejection fraction. The research was performed on an experimental model and the technique validated in a series of 10 patients. The experimental model consisted of a series of balloons which, when inflated with contrast medium assumed an allipsoid shape resembling a left ventricle. The balloons were blown up in two stages with an automatic injector to simulate systole and diastole. The images were recorded in the same way as during ventriculography. Videodensitometric measurements showed 3 to 5% variations from the true values. The method was then applied to the calculation of the left ventricular ejection fraction in 10 patients: left ventricular function was also quantified by geometrical methods (Dodge) from the same angiogrammes and the 2 sets of results were then compared. The correlation coefficient between the two methods was 0.97, so validating the new technique. Videodensitometry opens up new perspectives in the study of left ventricular function. On the other hand it can be used to monitor the ejection fraction in severely ill or recently operated patients, and, on the other hand the principle of videodensitometry eliminates the geometrical approximations inherent in the classical methods of angiographic analysis and would therefore seem to be more suitable for the study of pathological left ventricules (aneurysm...). Finally, the technique of videodensitometry represents a new step towards the measurement of true volumes and flow rates.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1985

[Effects of the argon laser on atheromas. Preliminary study on post-mortem arterial samples].

The effects of argon laser radiation of human atheroma were studied in vitro. Lesions produced were craters from total tissue volatilization surrounded by a thin zone of coagulation. The degree of tissue destruction was related to the energy used and the direction of the laser beam in relation to the atheromatous stenotic lesion. These findings confirm that it is possible to destroy the atheroma under controlled conditions, but at the non-negligible risk of perforation. By allowing visual control, the angioscope should ensure increased safety in use and provide hope for future applications of this method by the percutaneous route in the treatment of established atheromatous disease.

Argon↗
PubMed1985

[Results of in situ arterial thrombolysis by the combination of urokinase and lysyl plasminogen in acute arterial occlusive diseases of the lower limbs].

35 patients with acute arterial occlusions [27] and graft thromboses [8], responsible for severe and recent ischemia, were treated by fibrinolytic therapy (Urokinase: 1 000 units/kg/hour, and Lys Plasminogen). These drugs were delivered at the site of occlusions using a 5 French catheter. Angiographically, initial success was obtained in 30 patients (85%) and a significant clinical benefit persisted 5 months later, in 20 patients (57%). 4 distal embolisms during the treatment were noted, and one woman died a few hours after the withdrawal of an axillary catheter of a cerebellar infarction. Only two minor (6%) and one severe (3%) groin hematoma were encountered. No patient had at any moment a fibrinogen concentration lower than 1 g/l. Thus, the thrombolytic treatment used in the study appears as effective as locally administered Streptokinase but better tolerated.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

[Percutaneous endoluminal angioplasty of the supra-aortic arterial trunks. Immediate and remote results].

Twelve tight stenoses (9 of the subclavian artery, 1 of the axillary artery and 2 of the brachio-cephalic artery) were dilated with immediate satisfactory results in all cases. Only one complication (regressive lesion of the median nerve) was recorded. Eight patients were followed-up for a mean period of 13 months: all were symptom-free, and digital angiography by the intravenous route showed a stable image of patency. From a review of published dilatations of the subclavian artery it appeared that the method is 95% effective, that its mortality is nil and that no complication, notably embolism, has been reported. In view of the risks involved in surgical procedures and of the advantages of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, at least in theory, this technique seems to be a suitable alternative to surgery in stenoses of the subclavian arteries.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Contribution of digital intravenous angiography in the assessment of the postoperative results after surgery of the vessels of the neck].

Forty-six patients who had undergone neck vessel surgery were investigated postoperatively by intravenous digitalised angiography. In 30 patients an endarterectomy had been performed and in one case the examination did not provide satisfactory opacification of the carotid vessels. In 29 cases the result was of satisfactory quality: the appearance of the operative site was normal in 21 patients, dilated in 3, irregular in 7 and stenosed in 1. Twenty patients had undergone a bypass. There was one failure and 19 results suitable for analysis. The bypass was normal in appearance and permeable in 14 cases, irregular in 1, dilated in 2 and obstructed in 2. Overall, intravenous digitalised angiography provided satisfactory assessment of the operative result in 96% of patients.

Adult↗