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Biomedical subjects

P Boros

Publications and source records attributed to P Boros.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Donor des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin positivity is a risk factor for poor early graft function in liver transplantation.

Des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) is an abnormal prothrombin that lacks coagulating activity. The aim of this study was to determine if the presence of DCP in the donor could be used as a marker of post-transplant graft function. We collected data and serum samples on 90 organ donors. DCP level was correlated with donor-specific factors and with graft function intraoperatively and in the early post-transplant period. Twenty-seven donors (30.0%) had positive DCP levels before harvesting. Although recipients were similar in demographics, preoperative liver function, and primary disease distribution, patients transplanted with livers from DCP-positive donors needed significantly more intraoperative transfusion. Furthermore, donor DCP positivity was identified as a preoperative risk factor for poor early graft function based on multivariate analysis (odds ratio = 6.58, P = 0.0032). Our findings suggest that DCP is another valuable marker for evaluating the quality of donor livers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Evaluation of the incidence of clinical symptoms and risk factors for COPD based on the monitoring of refinery workers in Piock (1993-1996)].

Work place environment plays an important role in development diseases because of the time spend in and different toxic factors placed in it. The aim of study was to assess the ventilatory efficiency in individuals employed in Generating Plant (GP) in relation to the pollution of the work place and the tobacco smoking habit during 3 years. The study covered a group of 144 male individuals employed at GP. (age 39.3 +/- 8.7 yrs, period of employment 20.3 +/- 8.6 yrs, smokers 53.5%. Lung function tests consisted of VC, FVC, FEV1, FEV1%VC, PEF, FEF50 counted from flow-volume curve and TGV, Rt measured using pletysmographic method. All tests were performed using pletysmograph (Masterlab) "Jaeger" placed on the ambulance near to the work place. The measurements were taken in May 1993 and 1996. Results were compared to with normal values (acc. ECSC). The anamnesis was obtained from all workers in the form of questionnaire projected for this study. All measurements were done during work time (9.00 a.m. to 2.00 p.m.). Mean values of the ventilation indices remained within the normal range but comparing results in smokers and non-smokers group significant differences in FEV1 and TGV were found. The symptoms of chronic bronchitis were present in 20.8% of persons. Spirometric criteria for the COPD diagnosis were found in 16 persons (11%). Only 5 persons (31%) were symptomatic. The mean decrease of FEV1 was 16.2 ml/yr, in the COPD group it was 82.5 ml/yr. The greater annual loss of FEV1 was found in the smokers and symptoms groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Increased risk of early rejection correlates with recovery of CD3 cell count after liver transplant in patients receiving OKT3 induction.

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the utility of CD3 cell counts for monitoring OKT3 induction immunosuppression and for predicting early rejection in liver recipients. METHODS: In 32 adults in whom OKT3 and steroids were used to induce immunosuppression, CD3 cell subsets were labeled with CD3 (IgG1)-fluorescein isothiocyanate monoclonal antibody and assayed by flow cytometry before orthotopic liver transplantation and within 2-4 days, 5-7 days, and 8-10 days after transplantation. Trough OKT3 levels were measured at the same points in 10 patients. Early rejection (before postoperative [POD] day 21) was proven by elevated liver function tests and biopsy. Six patients were excluded for death, retransplantation, or early cessation of OKT3. RESULTS: Eight of 26 patients (30.8%) had early rejection and 18 (69.2%) had no early rejection. All had depletion of CD3 cells to <10.2% of baseline at POD 2-4. On POD 8-10, the mean CD3 count in rejectors was 213.31+/-184.98/mm3 vs. 22.71+/-32.42/mm3 in nonrejectors (P<0.001). By POD 8-10, five of eight (62.5%) patients who rejected had CD3 count recovery to >75% of baseline. No nonrejecting patient recovered to >26% of baseline (P<0.001). OKT3 levels did not correlate with CD3 recovery or rejection. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of early rejection correlates strongly with recovery of CD3 counts by POD 10. Higher baseline CD3 counts do not predict early rejection.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Assessment of liver allograft function by hyaluronic acid and endothelin levels.

BACKGROUND: Sinusoidal endothelial cells are considered the primary site of preservation-reperfusion injury occurring during cold storage and reperfusion. Hyaluronic acid (HA) and endothelin-1 (ET) are markers of endothelial cell integrity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible correlation between these markers and early graft function following liver transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Blood samples were collected from 85 adult orthotopic liver transplant recipients at the following time points: before surgery, just before reperfusion, first and last 20 cc of caval effluent, 30, 60, and 120 min after reperfusion, and on postoperative day (POD) 1. Levels of both HA and ET were measured by sandwich enzyme-binding assay. HA uptake was also defined for every sample as the ratio of the actual measurement to the value obtained just before reperfusion. RESULTS: Patients with severe liver disease displayed significantly higher pretransplant HA and ET levels compared with those of less advanced illness. Poor early graft function (PEGF) was defined as peak enzyme levels on the first three PODs higher than 2500 U/L and prothrombin time longer than 16 s on POD 2. Patients with PEGF (n = 9) showed significantly lower HA uptake than patients with good graft function (n = 76) at 60 and 120 min after reperfusion. There was also a significant difference in the average uptake values measured in the last 20 cc of caval effluent between the two groups. We could not find any difference in ET levels between these two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Perioperative HA uptake measurement may be an additional marker to evaluate early graft function.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Effluent levels of thrombomodulin predict early graft function in clinical liver transplantation.

Thrombomodulin is a surface protein on vascular endothelial cells that serves as a binding site for thrombin and plays an important role as an anticoagulant factor. We correlated plasma thrombomodulin levels with early graft function after liver transplant in 58 recipients. Blood samples were collected at the following time points: before surgery, just before reperfusion, 30, 60, 120 min after reperfusion, and post-operative day 1. The first and last 20 cc of caval effluent were also collected. Plasma thrombomodulin levels were measured by a sandwich enzyme-binding assay in the blood samples; tissue expression was determined by immunohistochemistry. Poor early graft function was defined as peak aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) >2500 U/l during the first 3 post-operative days and prothrombin time >16 s on post-operative day 2. Thrombomodulin levels in the first 20 cc of caval effluent ranged from 1.33 to 91 FU/ml and showed a significant positive correlation with ischemic time, intra-operative blood transfusion requirement, and early graft function. In grafts with high effluent thrombomodulin (>20 FU/ml, n=12), the incidence of poor early graft function and primary nonfunction was 66.7% and 25.0%, respectively; in grafts with low effluent thrombomodulin (<20 FU/ml, n=46), graft function was not impaired. By immunohistochemistry, thrombomodulin was detected in large vessels of every donor liver. Sinusoidal cells, however, showed positive staining only in livers with poor early graft function. Effluent thrombomodulin levels reflect the extent of preservation injury and might be a useful marker for predicting graft function after liver transplantation.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Differential contribution of graft and recipient to perioperative TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6 and IL-8 levels and correlation with early graft function in clinical liver transplantation.

Cytokines, produced by both the recipient and the newly vascularized allograft, are central mediators in the inflammatory response to allografted tissue. This study examines the relationship between pre- and intraoperative levels of TNF, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-8 and hepatic allograft function in the early postoperative period and also determines which cytokines are produced in a significant amount by the newly vascularized allograft. Baseline levels of IL-6 and IL-8 tended to be higher in patients with more advanced disease and showed an increase during the anhepatic period. TNF and IL-1 remained stable from baseline to anhepatic phase. IL-1 showed an increase from portal vein to effluent samples, suggesting that the graft has an important contribution to circulating IL-1 levels. Analysis of the data according to early graft performance revealed extremely high levels of effluent IL-1, IL-6 and IL-8, and the prolonged elevation of the latter two cytokines in patients with poor early graft function. Our findings demonstrate that sequential perioperative measurements of proinflammatory cytokines can be useful in monitoring graft function.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Assessment of damage and recovery of sinusoidal endothelial cell function by in vivo hyaluronic acid uptake in cold-preserved and transplanted rat livers.

We sought to evaluate the significance of endogenous hyaluronic acid levels and in vivo uptake of exogenous hyaluronic acid as markers of liver endothelial cell damage and correlate these findings to graft survival/function in a rat orthotopic liver transplant model. Endogenous hyaluronic acid levels were measured after orthotopic liver transplantation performed with freshly explanted livers, with livers preserved for 30 hr, and after sham operation. Exogenous hyaluronic acid uptake was evaluated in six study groups: fresh liver grafts, livers preserved for 12 hr, 24 hr, 30 hr and 48 hr, and sham-operated livers. Endogenous hyaluronic acid levels fell after orthotopic liver transplantation with freshly harvested livers and after sham operation, but rose in animals transplanted with livers preserved for 30 hr (P<0.01 vs. sham operation). In the preserved group, there was no difference in endogenous hyaluronic acid levels between survivors and nonsurvivors. Uptake of exogenous hyaluronic acid was significantly lower after orthotopic liver transplant with grafts preserved for 12 hr than after sham operation or orthotopic liver transplant with nonpreserved livers (P<0.05). Hyaluronic acid uptake further deteriorated in the 24-, 30-, and 48-hr groups. No significant difference in hyaluronic acid elimination rate was found when results obtained from livers preserved for extended periods (>12 hr) were compared in survivors and nonsurvivors. Hyaluronic acid uptake was reevaluated in surviving animals after 2 weeks. Completely restored function was observed in all survivors, indicating recovery of endothelial cells. We conclude that endogenous hyaluronic acid levels and exogenous hyaluronic acid uptake are reliable markers of liver sinusoidal endothelial cell function and that normal or moderately compromised hyaluronic acid uptake is associated with good graft function. On the other hand, endothelial cell dysfunction suggested by poor hyaluronic acid elimination is not a completely reliable predictor of subsequent deterioration of graft function in rat liver transplantation.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[The role of Fc gamma R specific autoantibodies in autoimmune diseases. Review of the literature and authors' own research].

The authors characterize the possible role of circulating autoantibodies specific for Fc gamma receptors in autoimmune diseases. Dysfunction of Fc gamma receptors, resulting in prolonged clearance of immune complexes, has been observed in both systemic and organ specific autoimmune disorders. Although the mechanism of the defective Fc gamma receptor function is not clearly understood, some findings suggest that Fc gamma receptor specific autoantibodies may have significant part in these processes. The authors found high titers of anti-Fc gamma receptor autoantibodies in the sera of several mouse strains prone to autoimmune diseases, and then extended these observations to human autoimmune diseases. They analized the specificity and functional effects of these antibodies. The authors hypothesize, that Fc gamma receptor specific autoantibodies may play a role in the pathology of autoimmune diseases by stimulating Fc gamma-receptor-bearing cells to release oxygen intermediates, different lysosomal hydrolases and cytokines or by blocking the phagocytosis of immune complexes.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1996

Serum cytokine and anti-Fc gamma R autoantibody measurements in patients with systemic sclerosis.

The serum IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha and soluble IL-2 receptor levels were measured, and the presence of anti-Fc gamma receptor (Fc gamma R) antibodies was investigated in the sera of 18 patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). An increase of TNF-alpha was detected in 8 of the 18 cases. II-1 beta was elevated in all the 18 patients. Both IL-2 and IL-4 were elevated in 7 cases. The IL-6 level was elevated in 17 patients, while IL-8 was increased in all cases. The soluble IL-2 receptor level was elevated in 11 patients. Fc gamma R-specific antibodies were detected in the sera of 6 patients, and there was a significant association between anti-Fc gamma R antibody positivity and IL-4 elevation. The presence of anti-Fc gamma R antibodies may influence several cell functions and may contribute to the remarkable variability of cytokine levels in SSc.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1996

[Respiratory system function in workers from the Mechanical Petrochemical Plant in Płock--influence of the workplace environment].

UNLABELLED: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the work place environment on the function of the respiratory system. MATERIAL: Study covered 211 male from Mechanical Plant of Plock Refinery (M.P. group 1) and the control group consisted of 53 male employed in Design Office (D.O. Group II). Group I was exposed to toxic substances (NO2, SO2, dust, manganese and iron oxides). METHODS: Lung function tests were performed using laboratory "Compact-Lab" (JAEGER). The FVC, FEV1, FEV1%FVC, PEF, FEF50 were obtained from flow-volume curve and TGV, Rt measured using plethysmography method. Information concerning symptoms and cigarette smoking were obtained from questionnaire designed for this study. RESULTS: Mean values of respiratory indices were within normal range and did not differ between groups. The percentage of abnormal results was similar in groups. Air flow limitation (FEV1%FVC < 70%) was observed in 15.2% of total. Smokers have had significantly lower indies of air flow limitation but still within normal range. Symptoms (cough, expectoration, dyspnea) were equally frequent in M.P. and D.O. and significantly more frequent in smokers. CONCLUSION: In our study we did not find the influence of work place environment on the function of the respiratory system.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Dibutyryl cAMP reduces nonparenchymal cell damage during cold preservation of rat livers.

Sinusoidal lining cells are the main target for cold preservation injury and are further damaged with reperfusion. Different agents known to increase intracellular cAMP levels have been shown beneficial. This study was designed to assess the possible protective effect of a cAMP analogue on nonparenchymal cells of rat livers, during cold storage and during reperfusion. Parameters reflecting the status of the liver microvasculature were analyzed. The initial effluent collected after preservation reflects release during the cold storage period; therefore we measured interleukin-1 (IL-1) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels in these samples in order to detect and quantitate the degree of activation and/or disruption of Kupffer and sinusoidal endothelial lining cells. Rat livers were harvested after in situ flush with Ringer's lactate with or without 2 mM dibutyryl cAMP, excised, and stored in the same solution at 4 degrees C. After 6 hr, livers were perfused with Krebs-Henseleit buffer for 90 min. Physiological parameters were monitored throughout the perfusion. Perfusate samples were collected every 30 min for RIA measurements of IL-1 and ET-1. Treatment resulted in a significant decrease in release of ET-1 and IL-1 during storage. Likewise, livers treated with cAMP had a significantly improved bile output and decreased portal vein resistance during reperfusion. The beneficial effect granted by the analogue during cold storage and reperfusion was evident on parenchymal and nonparenchymal cells. Levels of ET-1 and IL-1 in the caval effluent confirm and quantitate preservation damage.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Circulating Fc gamma receptor-specific autoantibodies in localized and systemic scleroderma.

BACKGROUND: Anti-Fc gamma receptor (anti-Fc gamma R) autoantibodies occur in patients with systemic scleroderma. Their clinical significance is unknown. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine the incidence of anti-Fc gamma R autoantibodies in patients with localized and systemic scleroderma and to examine the relation between these autoantibodies, the severity of the disease, and the presence of other autoantibodies. METHODS: Patients were placed into three clinical groups: three had diffuse systemic scleroderma, 47 had limited systemic scleroderma, and nine had localized systemic scleroderma. Antinuclear antibody titer and pattern were measured by indirect immunofluorescence with human epithelial (HEp)-2 cells and tissue sections, whereas anti-Scl-70 antibodies were measured by gel diffusion technique. Anti-Fc gamma R autoantibodies were measured in serum from patients and from 25 healthy persons by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with human recombinant Fc gamma RII (CD32) and Fc gamma RIII (CD16). RESULTS: Anti-Fc gamma R autoantibodies were detected in 54% of patients and in none of the healthy control subjects. Autoantibodies were present in all three clinical groups and were most frequently directed against Fc gamma RIII. Correlation between patients' clinical and laboratory data and anti-Fc gamma R autoantibodies could not be demonstrated. CONCLUSION: The presence of anti-Fc gamma R autoantibodies in the serum of patients with either systemic or localized scleroderma and the lack of these autoantibodies in healthy persons suggest that they may play a role in the pathogenesis of these diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Specificity and class distribution of Fc gamma R-specific autoantibodies in patients with autoimmune disease.

To investigate the prevalence of autoantibodies directed against Fc gamma RII (CD32) and Fc gamma RIII (CD16), 151 serum samples from patients with different autoimmune diseases and 25 samples obtained from healthy individuals were assayed by ELISA on microtiter plates coated with recombinant truncated Fc gamma RII and Fc gamma RIII protein. Class specificity was defined with anti-IgG, anti-IgM, and anti-IgA reagents. High titers of circulating IgM autoantibodies reacting with both Fc gamma RII and Fc gamma RIII were characteristic for SLE and rheumatoid arthritis patients. Sera from patients with Raynaud's syndrome showed predominantly IgG reactivity with Fc gamma RIII. Sera from patients with progressive systemic sclerosis showed both IgG and IgM Fc gamma RII and Fc gamma RIII reactivity. Many patients diagnosed with degenerative osteoarthritis also had IgG autoantibodies, directed primarily against Fc gamma RII with lesser reactivity toward Fc gamma RIII. Further study is needed to correlate these findings to clinical characteristics of the different diseases.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Fc receptor-mediated signal transduction.

Receptors for the Fc domain of IgG (Fc gamma Rs) on leukocytes mediate a pleiotropic response following cross-linking by immune complexes. Signaling events following cross-linking of B and T cell antigen receptors, Fc epsilon RI, and Fc gamma Rs share common elements. In each, signaling is initiated by receptor cross-linking by antigen or immune complexes and results in the activation of src family kinases and ZAP-70-related tyrosine kinases, which associate with members of the receptor complex. Subsequent events include phosphorylation on tyrosine of multiple cellular substrates including phospholipase C gamma 1 and PI3-kinase. The [Ca2+]i flux is an event secondary to phospholipase C gamma 1 activation. Protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors block both early events such as [Ca2+]i flux and the later effects of cytokine release and cellular proliferation.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Autoantibodies directed against different classes of Fc gamma R are found in sera of autoimmune patients.

Serum samples from 147 patients with different systemic autoimmune diseases (SLE, Sjögren's syndrome, and progressive systemic sclerosis) were tested for anti-Fc gamma R activity using mouse rFc gamma RII in an ELISA. High reactivity compared to normal individuals was found for patients with all three diseases. The anti-Fc gamma R antibody was purified from several serum samples by affinity chromatography on a Sepharose column coupled with denatured, murine rFc gamma RII. Both IgM and IgG antibodies were found. To analyze the specificity of the affinity-purified autoantibody, cells (human neutrophils, IFN-gamma-stimulated neutrophils, monocytes, and the THP-1 monocytic cell line) that express different combinations of Fc gamma R (CD64, CD32, CD16) were stained with the affinity purified Ig. Ig directed against all three types of Fc gamma R were found. The results may reflect on the role of Fc gamma R-specific antibodies in the pathology of autoimmune diseases.

Animals↗