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Biomedical subjects

P Bories

Publications and source records attributed to P Bories.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

The increase in urinary excretion of 6 beta-hydroxycortisol as a marker of human hepatic cytochrome P450IIIA induction.

1. Urinary excretion of 6 beta-hydroxycortisol, hepatic microsomal cortisol 6 beta-hydroxylase and the specific content of several forms of cytochrome P450 were measured in 8 to 14 patients before and after treatment with rifampicin (600 mg orally per day for 4 days). 2. Rifampicin treatment produced an average five fold increase in daily excretion of urinary 6 beta-hydroxycortisol. 3. Cortisol 6 beta-hydroxylase activity increased from 15 +/- 6 pmol min-1 mg-1 in organ donors (considered as 'control subjects') to 87 +/- 31 pmol min-1 mg-1 in rifampicin treated patients. 4. Among three forms of human P450 (P450IA, IIC and IIIA), (1), (2), measured by Western blots, only P450IIIA was significantly induced by the antibiotic. 5. Only antibodies against P450IIIA selectively inhibited cortisol 6 beta-hydroxylase in human liver microsomes. 6. Cortisol 6 beta-hydroxylase was correlated with P450IIIA specific content. 7. The urinary level of 6 beta-hydroxycortisol correlated with liver microsomal cortisol 6 beta-hydroxylase and P450IIIA specific content. 8. We conclude that P450IIIA is predominantly responsible for cortisol 6 beta-hydroxylase activity in human liver microsomes and that urinary 6 beta-hydroxycortisol is a marker of the induction of this cytochrome P450.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Collagen colitis. Reflections apropos of 40 patients].

The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of a thickened subepithelial collagen band in the colon, its relationship to diarrhea, and the clinical relevance of its detection. During a 3.5 year period (May 1985-January 1989), a total of 3,323 biopsy specimens were obtained during 6,254 colonoscopies. A subepithelial collagen thickening greater than 10 microns was found in 40 patients (1.5 percent of the patients). Further assessment of these 40 patients showed that this histological lesion was characterized by a frequent association with chronic diarrhea (in 36 patients, i.e. 90 percent) whatever the cause, with diseases such as diabetes mellitus (8 cases) or inflammatory arthropathies (6 cases) and with a microscopic colitis in all cases. Course of collagen thickening was variable and independent of clinical course. Diarrhea was a constant finding when the collagen thickening was greater than 15 microns and frequently improved (12 patients/14) during treatment with Collagenan. This study suggests that a subepithelial thickened collagen band is an uncommon change in the colon and is frequently associated with chronic diarrhea. The significance of this morphological change is unknown, and its contribution to the pathogenesis of the diarrhea remains questionable.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Chronic hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients and spontaneous portacaval anastomosis. Portal angiographic and manometric study].

Portal angiographic and manometric studies were prospectively carried out in 9 cirrhotic patients with spontaneous chronic portal-systemic encephalopathy. Hepatic encephalopathy presented as coma in 8 patients, and was the first manifestation of chronic liver disease in 6 cases. Hemodynamic studies showed a) a large single spontaneous portacaval anastomosis (gastrorenal, splenorenal, gradient (mean +/- SD = 16.3 +/- 5.4 mm Hg); c) a wedge hepatic venous pressure higher than portal pressure in 8 cases (difference: 1-11 mm Hg).

Blood Pressure Determination↗
PubMed1989

[Measurement of the sus-hepatic pressure gradient in differential diagnosis of chronic persistent or active hepatitis].

The value of the hepatic venous pressure gradient, measured during a transjugular liver biopsy procedure, was evaluated in the differential diagnosis of chronic persistent versus active hepatitis. The diagnosis of chronic persistent or active hepatitis was carried out according to classical clinical, biological, and above all pathological criteria. Patients with chronic active hepatitis were divided in to subgroups according to the degree of aggressivity and the presence of cirrhosis. Of the 70 patients studied, 13 had a gradient lower than 0.79 kPa, and all had chronic persistent hepatitis; 48 patients had a gradient higher than 0.93 kPa, they all had a chronic active hepatitis. For the 9 remaining patients, the gradient was between 0.79 and 0.93 kPa, 3 had persistent hepatitis, and 6 had active hepatitis. There was no significant variation of the gradient according to aggressivity in the subgroups of chronic active hepatitis. The gradient separated clearly chronic active hepatitis with or without cirrhosis. The measurement of the hepatic venous pressure gradient allows to differentiate between chronic persistent versus active hepatitis in 87 p. 100 of cases. This simple procedure offers a quick clue to diagnosis before obtaining histologic results.

Blood Pressure Determination↗
PubMed1989

[Energy expenditure and the use of nutriments in cirrhotic patients fasting and at rest. Influence of alcoholic hepatitis and the severity score of the disease].

Resting energy expenditure and nature of fuels consumed after an overnight fast have been evaluated in 30 cirrhotic patients and 10 normal subjects by indirect calorimetry. Basal metabolic requirements in patients were slightly increased although most of them had as poor nutritional condition assessed by a decreased muscular mass (17.3 +/- 0.8 vs 22.5 +/- 1.2 kg, p less than 0.001). Resting energy expenditure was significantly elevated in 16.7 p. 100 of patients. This hypermetabolic state was related to alcoholic hepatitis. Surface area and the Harris-Benedict equation did not accurately predict the resting energy expenditure. Compared to normal subjects, all patients had higher levels of free fatty acids (0.408 +/- 0.05 vs 0.182 +/- 0.03 mmol/l, p less than 0.001), glycerol (0.109 +/- 0.009 vs 0.035 +/- 0.003 mmol/l, p less than 10(-9)) and ketone bodies (0.137 +/- 0.012 vs 0.099 +/- 0.012 mmol/l, p less than 0.03). The respiratory quotient was lower in cirrhotic patients (0.740 +/- 0.01 vs 0.832 +/- 0.02, p less than 10(-5)). These results show increased lipolysis and a preferential use of fat as fuel substrates in cirrhotic patients: 70 p. 100 of the total calorie expenditure was derived from fat. Fat mobilization was influenced by nutritional status: a positive correlation has been found between fat mass and free fatty acids (p less than 0.02) and between fat mass and glycerol (p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[A single evening dose of 300 mg ranitidine in the treatment of acute attacks of gastric and duodenal ulcers. Evaluation of 1,208 patients].

The aim of this study was to evaluate, on a wide population of outpatients, the efficacy of ranitidine 300 mg given once a day at bedtime in duodenal and gastric ulcer. Healing rates observed on 1,208 patients were 85.2% (703/825) in duodenal ulcer, 79.5% (268/337) in gastric ulcer and 71.7% (33/46) in double localization, duodenal and gastric. Analysis of predictive factors of treatment failure showed no influence of smoking on the efficacy of ranitidine neither in duodenal nor gastric ulcer.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[A cause of terminal constipation: hypertonia of the striated pelvic muscle. Value of complementary studies].

The aim of this study was to define an other cause of idiopathic constipation with a mathematic automatic classification Fifty patients were studied by colonic transit time, anorectal manometry and defecography. Three classical causes were found: 12 patients had hypertonic upper anal pressure; 8 patients had abnormal rectonanal inhibitory reflex and 12 patients had anatomic conditions reducing stool frequencies Automatic mathematic classification coming from optimised bowls technic has led to the characterization of a new cause. Eight young women (mean age 33 years) with hypertonic striated pelvic muscles on straining were identified. Three items were significantly different: defect of sphincteric relaxation without high sphincteric pressure; closure or non opening anorectal angle, hypertonic levator ani on straining. There was a significant high frequency (p less than 0.05) of urinary disorders in this new group. All abnormalities occurred during defecation. This group can be studied with other methods: balloon expulsion, anal electromyography. Clinical identity with urinary pathology may be explained by common neurologic disorders of pelvic striated muscle innervation.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Artificial nutrition and alcoholic cirrhosis].

Malnutrition is observed in 60 p. cent of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. It is characterized by weight loss, hypoproteinemia, and a negative nitrogen balance. It is due to multiple causes. This malnutrition increases the risk of disturbances in the immune system, susceptibility to infection, and postoperative complications. Re-nutrition by standard methods of feeding often is inadequate or impractical. Use of artificial nutrition is often made necessary either by enteral or parenteral route. A controlled study of parenteral nutrition did not make it possible to correct weight loss and protein deficiency in these patients. Laboratory tolerability, except for increased BUN was always excellent. Enteral nutrition, easier to administer, which appears less dangerous and more natural, has not demonstrated its efficacy either.

Enteral Nutrition↗
PubMed1987

[Treatment of acute alcoholic hepatitis with prednisolone. 45 patients].

Whether or not prednisolone (or prednisone) should be used to treat alcoholic hepatitis remains controversial. This new controlled study performed on 45 patients with steatosis, fibrosis or cirrhosis of the liver suggests that prednisolone is not effective: after a 3-month follow-up clinical course, biochemical alterations, anatomical lesions and portal hypertension were the same in patients treated with prednisolone and in those who did not receive that drug.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

[Gastro-esophageal reflux, personality study by the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)].

Gastro-esophageal reflux (GER) is often associated with other functional digestive manifestations. The subjectivity of these manifestations permits an in-depth study of the personality of these patients as compared to a regional reference population with the use of the Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory. In these patients suspected to have a gastro-esophageal reflux, the means to the scales are modified except for that of the psychopathy scale, which is reassuring considering its severity. However, no personality profile may be exteriorized. The difference between patients with GER certified or not by pH measurement rests on the predominance of neurotic scales in the group presenting a gastro-esophageal reflux certified by pH measurement. This results appears to be due to the disease itself rather than to the conditions of performance of the MMPI during pH measurement. Only a pre- and post-therapeutic study will enable to confirm these data.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Pancreatic pseudo-tumor caused by bilio-pancreatic tuberculous lymphadenitis. 2 cases].

Peripancreatic tuberculous lymphadenitis is rare and of difficult diagnosis. The two cases described illustrate two clinical aspects according to the proximity of the biliary tract: either anterior lymph nodes responsible for obstructive jaundice, or posterior lymph nodes responsible for chronic epigastric pain. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is essential to exclude a pancreatic lesion and facilitate the interpretation of the CT images. Tuberculosis must then be suspected. In the absence of another tuberculous localisation, laparotomy is necessary to assert the diagnosis. Antituberculous chemotherapy alone, administered for 9 to 12 months, cures this form of tuberculous lymphadenitis.

Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde↗
PubMed1986

[Systemic scleroderma. Contribution of esophageal manometry].

Oesophageal motor function was studied by oesophageal manometry in 48 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis: 25 with proximal scleroderma and 23 with diffuse scleroderma. Oesophageal lesions were noted in 70% (74% in diffuse scleroderma; 64% in proximal scleroderma). Classical manometric signs of scleroderma were found in only 31% of patients. Peristaltic modifications might begin at the junction of the two muscular coats, since a four centimeter long aperistaltic suspended area was noted in that region in 20% of patients, especially in the proximal scleroderma group. Oesophageal motility and low lower oesophageal sphincter pressure account for the gastro-oesophageal reflux and may compromise respiratory function, as suggested by the high frequency of concurrent oesophageal and respiratory dysfunction in diffuse scleroderma. Systematic prevention of gastro-oesophageal reflux should perhaps be advocated as soon as abnormalities in oesophageal motility are diagnosed.

Adolescent↗