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Biomedical subjects

P Bonfils

Publications and source records attributed to P Bonfils.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Analysis of cochlear manifestations of presbycusis by acoustic oto-emissions. Review of the literature].

This paper analyzes the results published in the literature about the physiopathology of presbycusis studied by evoked oto-acoustic emissions. Evoked oto-acoustic emissions were recorded in a group of normally hearing-subjects and a group of patients demonstrating sensorineural hearing loss due to presbycusis. Correlations studies were made between the incidence and threshold of evoked oto-acoustic emissions and (i) the age, (ii) the tonal audiometric thresholds and (iii) the speech audiometry. Complementary informations on outer hair cell degenerative changes in presbycusis could be deduced from these data.

Acoustics↗
PubMed1989

[Complete tumor remission after chemotherapy. What should be done?].

When confronted with complete chemotherapy-induced histological/clinical regression of a tumor, should the initial therapeutical strategy be modified? Such situations occur more and more frequently. Additional treatment must be carried out in all instances. Indeed, a correlation between complete clinical and histological regression was demonstrated in 66% of cases by histological examination of surgical specimens. It is doubtless recommended to avoid mutilating surgery and to continue chemotherapy for another year. However, whenever partial surgery had been programmed initially, the same indications and excision limits should be maintained. Combination chemical and surgical treatments yield better local results. Nonetheless, this is not always the case and the patient's tolerance to chemotherapy and background should influence the final decision. Radiotherapy then constitutes a choice alternative.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The cochlear aqueduct and congenital perilymphatic fistula. An initial report].

The authors present 3 preliminary case reports of congenital perilymphatic fistula and describe their approach, which in the presence of clinical symptoms composed of progressive or fluctuating deafness, should suggest the diagnosis of congenital perilymphatic fistula leading to examination of the cochlear aqueduct by high resolution computed tomography. An anomaly detected on the CT scan, particularly on the intermediate and internal segments, is a decisive argument in the decision to operate on these congenital perilymphatic fistulae.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Tumors of the nasal fossa. Retrospective study of a series of 67 cases].

This retrospective study reviews 67 tumors of the nasal fossa treated at hospital Laënnec (Paris). The clinical significance of histology and the therapeutic results for each pathological tumor (mainly, carcinoma, melanoma, lymphosarcoma, neuroma, malignant plasmocytoma, inverted papilloma, vascular tumors) are described. Treatment and surgical procedure will be analyzed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of cochlear function in otospongiosis. Preliminary study].

One of the major therapeutical problems encountered in the natural history of otospongiosis are lesions affecting Corti's organ. We obtained audiometric measurements, including pure-tone and speech audiograms, tympanograms, and spontaneous and provoked otoemission determinations in 26 patients (40 ears), who benefited from total platinectomy and collumellar effect recuperation by means of temporal aponeurosis interposition and piston-cupping. Results show that the piston-cup procedure does not appear to modify the transfer function of the middle ear. On the other hand, even at a stage when pure-tone and speech audiograms show little alteration, there seems to be some lesion of the external ciliated cells of Corti'organ.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[An approach to tumors of the face by degloving. An elegant treatment of inverted papillomas and various sinus cancers. Values. Limitations and extension].

Degloving constitutes a hidden route of access to the middle third of the face. It combines a bilateral sublabial incision with a rhinoplastic approach, whereby all the soft tissues of the face can be undermined subperiosteally, leaving no external scar. This method offers an extended bilateral route of access to lesions of the nasal cavities and ethmoid/sphenoid/maxillary sinuses, deep to the clivus. Its exposing features at least compare with conventional technics, including bone resection or the creation of a valve. This procedure may be associated with other neurosurgical approaches in the treatment of extended lesions of the basis of the skull. Its use is particularly recommended in the treatment of inverted papillomas, although it applies as well to malignant tumors of the sinuses under certain conditions. We present here a review of our experience.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[The Chinese flap in reconstructing the posterior pharyngolaryngeal wall, mouth cavity and in reoperation after failure of pedicled digestive transfer].

The Chinese flap has already been recommended in the context of circular pharyngolaryngectomy. The authors studied its vascularization from an anatomy-focusing project carried out on 40 dissection cases. They broaden the applications of this material to posterior reconstructive pharyngectomy, for which they specify the methods and routes of access. Other applications are proposed: this flap may represent an alternative for reconstitution of the oral cavity, or even as a second-intent surgical procedure where other technics have failed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[What should be expected of oto-acoustic emissions? A critical analysis of clinical applications of oto-acoustic emissions].

The aim of this article is to carry out a critical analysis of the clinical applications of acoustic oto-emissions based on analysis of more than 1,000 adult and pediatric audiometric records. The principal technical and clinical properties of acoustic oto-emissions are described. The clinical value would seem to be very limited in adult audiology, whereas this examination would appear to be a reliable and non invasive method for screening in children at risk of cochlear deafness. In this respect, the investigation is principally limited by middle ear pathology and involvement of the central auditory pathways.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1989

[Mucormycosis of the face associated with aspergillosis in the diabetic patient. Diagnostic and therapeutic considerations].

Facial mucormycosis is a rare fungal infection which spreads rapidly and has a severe prognosis. It mainly affects insulin-dependent diabetics and immunodeficient subjects. We report about a case of mucormycosis of the facial structures in a diabetic patient, and lay particular stress on the diagnosis difficulties, on treatment and on evolution, which led to healing, leaving an extensive bony sequestrum which preserved the contents of the orbits.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1988

[Prevention of infections of the respiratory tract in children with RU 41740].

Several double-blind drug versus placebo trials have been carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of RU 41740 in the treatment of recurrent respiratory infections in children. The compound was administered in doses of two tablets per day for one week during the first month and one tablet per day for one week during the second and third months. Effectiveness was assessed 1, 3 and 6 months after the end of the treatment period. These trials have shown that RU 41740 is well tolerated both clinically and biochemically and that it decreases the number, duration and complications of respiratory infections, as well as the consumption of antibiotics during the infectious episodes. It therefore appears that this compound is particularly useful to prevent recurrent respiratory infections in children.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1988

Selective attention modifies the active micromechanical properties of the cochlea.

The micromechanical properties of the cochlea accounting for the exquisite properties of sensitivity and frequency selectivity depend on the integrity of an active biomechanism probably based upon a motile activity of outer hair cells (OHCs). Evoked oto-acoustic emissions (EOAEs), i.e. sounds emitted by the cochlea in response to a click, reflect this active biomechanism. We demonstrate here that a selective attention task in human subjects alters EOAEs. This means that the central nervous system can modify active cochlear micromechanics prior to the transduction process, probably by using the medial efferent system which, coming from the brainstem, innervates the OHCs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Screening for auditory dysfunction in infants by evoked oto-acoustic emissions.

Auditory threshold using auditory brain-stem responses (ABR) was determined in 30 ears from normally-hearing infants and 16 ears from infants with sensorineural deafness. In the same population, evoked oto-acoustic emissions (EOAEs) in response to a click of 20-dB hearing level were recorded. The presence of EOAEs was correlated with ABR thresholds. Evoked oto-acoustic emissions were always present when ABR wave V threshold was equal to or below 30-dB hearing level. On the contrary, infants with ABR thresholds higher than 40-dB hearing level never had EOAEs. As the recordings of EOAEs could be obtained more rapidly than ABR thresholds (average duration: five minutes vs 40 minutes), EOAEs could hold some promise as an objective, easy, and noninvasive test for screening auditory dysfunction in infants.

Brain Stem↗
PubMed1988

A correlative study of evoked otoacoustic emission properties and audiometric thresholds.

Correlations were made between the detection thresholds of evoked otoacoustic emissions (EOAEs), subjective click thresholds, and mean audiometric thresholds in 240 normal and hearing-impaired ears. EOAEs have never been observed when subjective click thresholds or mean audiometric thresholds were equal to or greater than 35 dB HL. EOAEs were always found when click thresholds were equal to or lower than 15 dB HL and when mean audiometric thresholds were equal to or lower than 22 dB HL. The incidence of EOAEs decreased and EOAE thresholds increased with increasing click or mean audiometric thresholds.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Evoked otoacoustic emissions: a fundamental and clinical survey.

Evoked otoacoustic emissions (EOAEs) hold some promise as a fast, objective and noninvasive procedure to study the cochlea at the outer hair cell level. This paper summarizes the fundamental aspects of EOAEs, in particular their relationship with the active biomechanical properties of the cochlea. The properties of EOAEs are analyzed in normally hearing ears, in ears with sensorineural hearing loss, especially in Ménière's disease, in acoustic neuromas and in central deafness; the properties of EOAEs were also evaluated as to their suitability for screening auditory dysfunction in infants.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Evoked otoacoustic emissions: normative data and presbycusis.

Evoked acoustic emission (EAEs) recordings hold some promise as a fast, objective and non-invasive audiological procedure to study the cochlea at the outer hair cell (OHC) level. However, accurate interpretation in the EAE response must be based on a knowledge of its variations with age. In order to investigate age-related changes of EAEs, the properties of EAEs (incidence, threshold and spectrum) were studied in 151 ears from subjects whose age varied between 2 and 88 years. EAEs were present in 100% of the tested subjects until the age of 60 years. After this age, EAE incidence fell to 35%. EAE threshold did not vary until the age of 40 years but increased linearly after this age. Thus, complementary information on OHC degenerative changes in presbycusis could be deduced from these data.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1988

[Chemotherapy and partial surgery in epithelioma of the pharyngo-larynx].

On the basis of a series of 185 patients, the authors evaluate the results of the therapeutic sequence chemotherapy-partial surgery in carcinomas of the pharyngolarynx. The action of chemotherapy is confirmed (80% clinical responses greater than 50%, 55% residual tumours or in complete histological regression). The therapeutic sequence chemotherapy-surgery gave 25% local failures and 1% lymph node failures. The development of the therapeutic strategy in carcinomas of the pharyngolarynx is considered in relation to the action of current modalities of chemotherapy.

Actuarial Analysis↗