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P Bobin

Publications and source records attributed to P Bobin.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Adult T-cell leukemia associated with HTLV-1 in a HIV-2 seropositive African].

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this report is to describe an HIV-2 seropositive patient from Mali who had adult-T cell Leukaemia/Lymphoma associated with HTLV-I infection. CASE REPORT: The patient presented with erythroderma and foliate lymphocyte leukaemia. Skin biopsy showed an epidermotropic lymphoma. Tumoural cells expressed a mature T-cell phenotype CD4+/CD25+. High anti-HTLV-I titers and the evidence of monoclonal integration of HTLV-I provirus within circulating lymphoid cells led to the confirmation of HTLV-I as the causal agent in tumour cell transformation. HIV-2 serology was positive. DISCUSSION: Sub-Saharan Africa is a vast reservoir of HTLV-I virus with at least 5 million infected persons. Cases of adult-T cell Leukaemia/Lymphoma in Africans are exceptional. Lack of sufficient knowledge of the disease could partially explain this discrepancy. The main differential diagnosis in dermatology is primary T-cell lymphomas of the skin, particularly mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Dermatologic complications of the cosmetic use of bleaching agents in Bamako (Mali)].

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to determine the dermatological complications related to the use of bleaching agents in Bamako, Mali. Patients who were referred to the Marchoux Institute with complications were studied retrospectively. Over a period of 1 year, 74 complications were observed including acne (n = 25), infectious dermatoses modified by the application of local corticosteroids, and in particular dermatophytosis (n = 15), dyschromia (n = 11, including 3 cases of exogenous ochronosis), contact eczema, papular annular lesions and vibices. This pathology is frequent in Bamako and the diagnosis is quite difficult since the patients usually deny use of bleaching agents.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Relapses after a single dose of rifampin in skin-smear negative multibacillary patients after dapsone monotherapy.

Between 1982 and 1985, a single 1500 mg dose of rifampin (RMP) was given to 136 multibacillary leprosy patients who had become clinically inactive and skin-smear negative after various durations of dapsone monotherapy, and then antileprosy chemotherapy was totally stopped. By the end of June 1992, 15 relapses were detected among these patients. The overall relapse rate was 11%; the relapse rate per 100 patient-years was 2.1%, which was the highest among those published to date; the cumulative risk of relapse at year 7 of follow up was 8.8%. All of these figures indicate that the relapse rate among this group was at least the same as in other studies where patients received dapsone monotherapy only. Therefore, the administration of a single large dose of RMP could neither prevent relapse nor reduce its rate among multibacillary patients who had already become clinically and skin-smear negative after dapsone monotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Powerful bactericidal activities of clarithromycin and minocycline against Mycobacterium leprae in lepromatous leprosy.

Thirty-six patients with newly diagnosed lepromatous leprosy were allocated randomly to three groups and treated for 56 days with minocycline (100 mg daily), clarithromycin (500 mg daily), or clarithromycin (500 mg) plus minocycline (100 mg daily). All groups had rapid and remarkable clinical improvement and significant decline of the bacterial and morphologic indices in skin smears during treatment. More than 99% and > 99.9% of the viable Mycobacterium leprae had been killed by 28 and 56 days of treatment, respectively, as measured by inoculation of organisms recovered from skin samples, taken before and during treatment, into the footpads of immunocompetent and nude mice. Clinical improvement and bactericidal activity did not differ significantly among the three groups. Adverse reactions were rare and mild, and no laboratory abnormality was detected during the trial. Both clarithromycin and minocycline displayed powerful bactericidal activities against M. leprae in leprosy patients and may be considered important components of new multidrug regimens for the treatment of multibacillary leprosy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[An epidemiologic survey on the cosmetic use of bleaching agents by the women of Bamako (Mali)].

In Mali, the cosmetic use of bleaching agents by black people has become a social phenomenon. How wide is this practice is not precisely known. We report the results of a survey conducted in Bamako among women aged from 15 to 45 years in order to evaluate the prevalence of this practice and its socio-economic factors. Two-hundred and ten women were questioned during the cluster survey. Among these, 53 (25 p. 100) used bleaching agents which were topical cortico-steroids (37), hydroquinone-containing products (21), mercury derivatives (11) and products of unknown composition (16). Dermatological side-effects were observed, but they did not hinder the use of these agents. Bleaching was particularly frequent in unmarried women (39 p. 100), literate women (34 p. 100) and female students (45 p. 100).

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1991

[Deep mycoses observed in New Caledonia. Evaluation of observations from the laboratory of pathologic anatomy of the Pasteur Institute of New Caledonia 1975-1990].

All cases of deep mycotic diseases observed between 1975 and 1989 in the Laboratory of Anatomical Pathology at Nouméa's Pasteur Institute have been studied retrospectively together with all available data concerning this pathology both in New Caledonia and the Pacific area. During the period under review, two cases of histoplasmosis, 4 of actinomycosis, 3 sporotrichosis, 5 mycetoma and 5 chromoblastomycosis were recorded in New Caledonia. Clinical and histological data appear to be identical to those observed in other Pacific Islands. Diagnosis is most usually supported only by histological examination and, thus, for future studies it is vital that specific mycologic culture of all cases be carried out.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed1989

Demonstration of PGL I antigens in skin biopsies in indeterminate leprosy patients: comparison with serological anti PGL I levels.

The survey of histological findings in leprosy patients from 1985 to March 1988 has been carried out at the Pasteur Institute in Noumea. Histologically, according to Ridley Jopling criteria, 82 patients were classified, 14 as T.T., 12 as B.T., 2 as B.B., 7 as B.L., 4 as L.L.s., 24 as L.L.p. and 19 as Indeterminate leprosy. Histological examination of tissues sections, using a monoclonal anti-PGL I antibody showed PGL I antigen in histiocytic cells of the infiltrate and more rarely in Langerhans cells in 7 cases of indeterminate leprosy. The Ziehl staining method revealed the presence of alcoholo resistant bacilli in only one case. For 10 patients, histological findings were compared with serological results. In 3 cases, the diagnosis was confirmed by the 2 techniques (immunohistology and serology). In 2 cases by only immunohistology or by serology and in 3 cases the diagnosis was not confirmed by either methods. These results showed the interest of the immunohistological and serological methods in indeterminate leprosy, specially in children. A study of household contacts may be of interest.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Follow up of T cells subsets and anti-trisaccharide IgM antibody levels of leprosy patients during daily multidrug therapy.

T cell subset distribution and anti-M. leprae specific antibody levels were followed in leprosy patients during polychemotherapy (or multidrug therapy, MDT). Before treatment, the T cell subset counts showed that the multibacillary patients (28) have a significant decrease (p less than 0.05) in the CD3+, CD4+ T percentages and CD4+/CD8+ ratio as compared to the healthy controls (96). The paucibacillary patients (30) had no significant T cell disturbances. An ELISA test has been developed using the natural trisaccharide-ocytl-BSA (NTO) antigen to identify specific IgM antibodies (IgM anti-T). Multibacillary patients (22) showed higher antibody titers than paucibacillary patients (11). But the IgM anti-T levels of the two groups are significantly higher than controls belonging to the same ethnic group. A daily polychemotherapy (Dapsone, Rifampicine, Clofazimine) was done for 6 months in paucibacillary patients and 2 years in multibacillary patients according to the leprosy group study recommendations (Prof. Grosset, Hôptical de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France). A normalization of the CD4+ T cells was obtained by a 6 month therapy in multibacillary patients and a significant decrease in the IgM anti-levels was obtained during polychemotherapy in multibacillaries (p less than 0.001) and paucibacillaries (p less than 0.05).

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1989

Study of 39 documented relapses of multibacillary leprosy after treatment with rifampin.

Among 39 strains of Mycobacterium leprae isolated from patients with multibacillary leprosy who relapsed after treatment with rifampin (RMP), 22 strains were resistant to RMP and 17 were susceptible. All of the RMP-resistant strains were recovered from patients who had been treated with more than 50 doses of RMP, usually given as monotherapy. RMP-susceptible strains were recovered from only six patients who had received more than 50 doses of RMP, and from 11 patients who had received no more than seven doses. The median time to relapse after the beginning of RMP therapy was 9 years (range 1-12 years) among the patients harboring RMP-resistant strains of M. leprae, and the median time to relapse after discontinuation of RMP treatment was 7 years (range 1-11 years) among the patients harboring RMP-susceptible strains. These data suggest that monotherapy with more than a few doses of RMP can be responsible for the emergence of RMP-resistant strains of M. leprae, thus emphasizing the need to employ RMP only in combination with other effective drugs in the chemotherapy of multibacillary leprosy.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Specific anti-M leprae PGL-I antibodies and Mitsuda reaction in the management of household contacts in New Caledonia.

Household contacts of leprosy patients have been tested for anti-phenolic glycolipid-I IgM antibodies (anti-PGL-I IgM) by an ELISA using the natural disaccharide (NDO) and natural trisaccharide (NTO) synthetic antigens. A group of healthy subjects without known exposure to Mycobacterium leprae served as controls. The percentages of positivity observed in multibacillary patients, paucibacillary patients, and household contacts were significantly higher than those of the negative controls. The absorbance values using NDO and NTO correlated well (range 0.59-0.91) when analysis of each subject group was performed. As reported here, NDO and NTO antigens seem to be equal in detecting leprosy cases; 100% of multibacillary and 21.43% of paucibacillary cases were detected as seropositive. For the screening of household contacts, NDO appears to be more sensitive and NTO more specific. There were more seropositive cases in the young age groups of household contacts, suggesting a higher rate of transmission of M. leprae infection in those age groups. Lepromin and anti-PGL-I IgG tests were also performed in contacts who were followed. The 2 paucibacillary subjects (1 borderline tuberculoid, 1 indeterminate) were Mitsuda negative. At diagnosis, their anti-PGL-I IgM levels were much higher than those of previous results; their anti-PGL-I IgG levels showed an increase in one and a decrease in the other. However, for the entire group anti-PGL-I IgM and anti-PGL-I IgG levels were positively correlated. The data reported here suggest that an increase in specific anti-M. leprae IgM levels in Mitsuda-negative household contacts could reveal the development of overt disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Primary and secondary dapsone resistance of M. leprae in Martinique, Guadeloupe, New Caledonia, Tahiti, Senegal, and Paris between 1980 and 1985.

Primary and secondary dapsone resistance were studied among lepromatous patients living in Martinique, Guadeloupe, New Caledonia, Tahiti, Senegal, and Paris. Four hundred fifteen biopsies were taken from clinically active and bacteriologically positive (bacterial index greater than 2) patients in the 6-year period of 1980-1985. Among these, 280 biopsies that contained 5 x 10(4) acid-fast bacilli per ml with a morphological index of at least 0.10 were inoculated into the mouse foot pad, and 229 harbored infective Mycobacterium leprae. Among the 129 infective M. leprae isolated from new cases, 54% had some degree of dapsone resistance, a low degree being prominent in all cases. Among the 100 infective M. leprae isolated from relapsed cases, 79% had a high or an intermediate degree of dapsone resistance. The annual incidence of secondary dapsone resistance was estimated to be about 0.55% in Guadeloupe.

Dapsone↗
PubMed1986

[Mandibular reconstruction following extensive unilateral resection in children].

Follow up 30 months after extensive bone resection of mandible with disarticulation of condyle for widespread tumor of angle in a 9 1/2 year old child showed very satisfactory functional and esthetic bone reconstruction. Favorable elements were: conservation of periosteum made possible from results of histology of fresh specimen (showing eosinophil granuloma); the immediate insertion of a temporary prosthesis in strengthened resin to maintain anatomical relations and spontaneous functions.

Child↗
PubMed1985

[Fabry's disease].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Fabry Disease↗
PubMed1983

[Generalized eruptive histiocytoma. Apropos of a case. Review of the literature].

About one case of generalized eruptive histiocytoma (G.E.H.) (the second French case) and about thirteen others cases mentioned in literature, the authors remind the clinical, histological, immuno-histochemical and evolutive aspects of this misunderstanding disease, described by Winkelmann in 1963. After having classed it, in the group of nodular, non X, non lipidique, benign histiocytosis, they expose the imprecision of this nosological limits of the G.E.H., in comparison to the bordering diseases. At last, they insist upon the fact that the few number of cases published up to this time, the lack of stand back and the casual transformation into a multicentric reticulo-histiocytosis must induce to watchfulness by requiring for each patient affected by G. E. H. and for a long time, a regular, clinical, radiological and hematological supervision.

Adult↗