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Biomedical subjects

P Besse

Publications and source records attributed to P Besse.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Hemodynamic effects of intravenous amiodarone in humans].

The haemodynamic action of I-V Cordarone have been studied in 20 subjects over a 15 minute period. Over the 15 minute period we studied variations in left pulmonary and ventricular pressures, in cardiac output, and in the paramaters of contraction VEC max, V max and Taylor's index. At a dose of 5 mg/kg there is a fall in peripheral resistance (1274 +/- 232 to 915 dynes/s/cm-5), and the measurements of contraction hardly vary. At a dose of 10 mg/kg, after an initial increase in output and a fall in peripheral resistance there occurs, after 4 minutes, an increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (from 6 +/- 2 to 13 +/- 4 mmHg, P less than 0.01), and a lowering of contractility (VEC max reduced from 49.7 +/- 12.4 to 27.1 +/- 3.8, P less than 0.001). We have shown that the first phase of this response is due to the solvent (Tween 80), while the fall in contractility is due to the amiodarone. Doses above 10 mg/kg must be used with care, and only if there is no evidence of impaired cardiac function.

Amiodarone↗
PubMed1976

[Ultrastructural study of 11 cases of obstructive myocardiography of the left ventricle].

A fragment of septum was removed for biopsy in 11 patients with obstructive cardiomyopathy who were undergoing surgery. Electron microscopi revealed an increase in the numbers of mitochondria, deposits of glycogen, and deforming fibrosis. As far as the components of muscle fibres are concerned, both lysis and synthesis of neosarcomeres are to be found, together with abnormalities of the Z band and disorientation of the myofibrils. The number and severity of these abnormalities were found to vary from patient to patient and also in different sections. Although these features are virtually constant in cases of obstructive cardiomyopathy, they are not specific for this condition; they are also found in cases of non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic↗
PubMed1976

[Performance of the lift ventricle in left ventricular obstructive cardiomyopathy].

A retrospective study of 100 cases of obstructive cardiomyopathy of the left ventricle has allowed us to predict a mean survival of 30 years after the murmur has been discovered. A comparative angiographic and haemodynamic study was carried out on 50 cases using the NYHA classification into four functional stages. The lowering of functional status, at rest, seems to occur: -With the advent of a permanent intraventicular gradient (6 +/- 5 mmHg in stage 56 +/- 38 mmHh in stages III and IV, p less than 0.001). Despite preservation of the indices of contractility (VECmax 1.81 +/- 0.66 c/s at stage I, 1.71 +/- 0.7 C/S at stages III and IV). -With a progressive change in the ventricular complicance (dV/dP/VTD 0.029 +/- 0.016 at stage I, 0.017 +/- 0.01 at stage III and IV). A progressive change in venticular complicance seems to be secondary to an increase in the parietal diastolic thickness and to lesions visible histologically. It governs the natural history of the condition and the results of surgical treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Left ventricular function of the coronary patient: relation between ventricular kinetic disorders and alterations of myocardial contractility].

The left ventricular kinaetics of 29 coronary patients (pure angina and with sequela of myocardial infarction) was studies by biplane angiocardiography. Their contractility was assessed by measurement of the Vmax and VECmax indices derived from the relationship between contractile elements shortening speed-overall wall tension, in isovolumetric phase. An excellent relationship links the hypokinaetic area with decrease of the ejection fraction (SV/LSV): when the hypokinaetic area exceeded 20% of the overall endocardial surface, the ejection fraction deveased below 0.40, and signs of cardiac failure were manifest. Pure anginal patients at rest kept normal kinaetics, late diastolic volume, ejection fraction and myocardial mass. A myocardial hypertrophy develops in the areas adjacent to the fibrous scar. In some cases (group I) it compensates for the ventricular dysfunction; in other cases, it is not sufficient to compensate for the ejection fraction reduction. One must then admit the presence of diminished contractility in the areas adjacent to the fibrous scar, as is suggested by the increase of the late diastolic pressure, the decrease of the externel work of the left ventricle and of the contractility indices. Analysis of both the natural and post-operative courses in these patients shows that Vmax the ejection fraction and the hypokinaetic areas afford excellent criteria for prognosis and operability.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1975

[The effect of intravenous dopamine on the hemodynamics of the heart].

The pharmacological study of dopamine was conducted on 14 patients: eleven normal patients and three with incipient myocardiopathies. The dosages used were 3, 6 and 12 mug/kg/min. The "pump" function, the peripheral resistances, the contractility and the ventricular compliance were studied. Dopamine is a positive inotropic agent without chronotropic action at doses of 6 and 12 mug/kg/min. It acts by increasing the contractility and the venous return and by decreasing the peripheral resistances; this effect disappears with strong dosages.

Aorta↗
PubMed1975

[Treatment of angina pectoris by physical loading].

21 chronic anginal patients (AP), 23 patients with an overall number of 37 aorta-to-coronary artery by-passes (ACB) underwent a regular physical training (cycle, quick or uphill walking, gymnastics). The patients were compared to themselves in the course of a calibrated effort test, performed until angina occured or the maximal cardiac rate reached.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1975

[Adaptation of left ventricular performance to isometric stress].

The authors report the haemodynamic changes observed during isometric stress corresponding to 30% of the maximum isometric effort, sustained for 3 minutes, in 22 normal subjects and 12 patients with cardiomyopathy. Echocardiographic study of the left ventricular diameters of 10 cardiac patients completes the work. The heart rate in normal subjects during effort increases by 45 +/- 30%, and the flow by 30 +/- 24%. The blood pressure is raised by +/- 25 +/- 8 mmHg, without significant change in the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (less than +4 mmHg), or in peripheral resistance. The external work of the left ventricle increases by 75 +/- 41%, demonstrating an increase in the inotropic state of the myocardium. Max. vec. and the various indices of contractility are increased on average by +8.29 +/- 4.55 28 c/s. Adaptation to the increased pressure brings into play only the contractile reserve of the myocardium.

Cardiac Output↗