Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

P Bertram

Publications and source records attributed to P Bertram.

46 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Hepatitis-B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody (anti-HBs) prevalence among laboratory and nonlaboratory hospital personnel.

HBsAg and anti-HBs positivity was determined in hospital laboratory workers and nonlaboratory hospital workers (controls) matched for race and sex and adjusted for age. The combined prevalence of antigen-antibody positivity among white female technicians was 12% versus 0 of controls (P less than 0.005). The highest prevalence (18%) among laboratory workers was found in chemistry technicians, and significantly elevated frequencies also were noted in histocytologic, hematologic, and general laboratory technicians and blood collectors; this was not explained by a history of previous blood transfusions or hepatitis. Prevalence among pathologists (16%) was significantly greater (P less than 0.05) than among radiologists not routinely performing angiography (2%). Prevalence among black female housekeepers, both laboratory (25%) and nonlaboratory (36 %), was the highest, and was significantly greater (P less than 0.05) than among black female technicians (10%). Positivity was not correlated with current residence census tract socioeconomic indicators in black or white females. The data emphasize the need for continued identification of risks and improved protection measures in hospital workers.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of intra-abdominal drainages on adhesion formation and prevention by phospholipids in a rat model. Drainages and adhesion formation.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The study was designed to asses the adhesiogenic capacity of silicone drainages and the protective effect of phospholipids (PL). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 75 Wistar rats were randomly assigned to the different groups. In a preliminary trial (pt; n = 15), all rats underwent midline laparotomy. The control group (C(pt); n = 5) received no further treatment. In the other animals, either an 'easy flow' drainage (EF(pt); n = 5) or an 'Aachen' drainage (AC(pt); n = 5) was placed into the abdominal cavity. In the final study (fs; n = 60), rats underwent laparotomy and colonic anastomosis. The control groups (C(fs)) received no drainages. In the other groups either one of the two types of drainages (EF(fs), AC(fs)) were introduced. In 50% of the rats, 75 mg/kg of PL were administered intraperitoneally (C(fs)+PL, EF(fs)+PL, AC(fs)+PL). The other rats received no additional treatment (C(fs)ØPL, EF(fs)ØPL, AC(fs)ØPL). All animals were sacrificed 10 days after surgery. Areas of adhesions and anastomotic bursting pressures were measured (mean +/- SD). RESULTS: In the preliminary trial, analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed no differences between the groups after application of drainages (values are given in mean +/- SD): C(pt) mean 23.3 +/- 29.4 mm(2), EF(pt) 829.7 +/- 679.3 mm(2), AC(pt) 609.9 +/- 219.4 mm(2). In the final study, 2-factorial ANOVA showed a significant effect (p < 0.001) for the use of drainages but not for the application of PL (C(fs)ØPL 140.6 +/- 124.2 mm(2), C(fs)+PL 67.7 +/- 60.4 mm(2), EF(fs)ØPL 1,217.0 +/- 458.3 mm(2), EF(fs)+PL 1,266.8 +/- 368.3 mm(2), AC(fs)ØPL 861.7 +/- 274.8 mm(2), AC(fs)+PL 544.2 +/- 193.8 mm(2)). Post hoc test for pairwise comparisons adjusted to Bonferroni showed significant differences (p < 0.001) between all of the three pairs (C(fs) 104.1 +/- 92.3 mm(2) vs. EF(fs) 1,241.9 mm(2) +/- 413.3 mm(2); C(fs) vs. AC(fs) 702.9 mm +/- 234.3 mm(2); EF(fs) vs. AC(fs)). DISCUSSION: The final study demonstrates the adhesiogenic capacity of silicone drainage tubes in combination with anastomoses. Any protective effect of PL alone or in combination with drainages could not be shown. CONCLUSIONS: Indication for the use of drainages in standard surgical procedures should be reconsidered within the scope of their potential to cause adhesions and subsequent complications.

Abdomen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Peritoneal release of TNFalpha and IL-6 after elective colorectal surgery and anastomotic leakage.

The evaluation of postoperative peritoneal drainage fluid tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha and interleukin (IL)-6 was studied prospectively over a 7-day period in 25 patients operated on for neoplastic colorectal diseases. In 22 cases, colon or rectum carcinoma was the reason for surgery, and in 3 patients resection was performed because of colonic adenoma. All patients received either an end-to-end colo-colonic or colorectal anastomosis. Of this group, 22 patients were free of complications defined as uneventful postoperative course without any signs of anastomotic leakage until the 14th postoperative day. All of these patients showed a significant rise in peritoneal TNFalpha with maximum on the 7th day during the study period (p <.05). In contrast, peritoneal IL-6 levels remained constant without significant change in time (p >.05). Three patients underwent relaparotomy because of anastomotic leakage. In these patients, peritoneal TNFalpha concentrations showed a rise until the day of operative confirmation of anastomotic leakage. This rise preceded the day of operative confirmation by at least 1 day but did not change significantly in time (p =.59). Peritoneal IL-6 concentrations in patients with anastomotic leakage remained constant and also did not change significantly in time (p =.21). After elective colorectal surgery, neither postoperative abdominal drainage fluid TNFalpha nor IL-6 monitoring is helpful to decide on the need for revision in patients with anastomotic leakage.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The role of surgery in acute epididymitis].

One third of the acute épididymitis (A.E.) admitted in the Military Hospital in Marseilles have been operated, i.e. 33 cases; out of them the last 12 cases have been systematically monitored by ultrasonography. Twice out of three times, clinical picture suggested a possible twisting that led to an emergency surgical exploration. Interest of ultrasonography of the scrotum is underlined as far as diagnosis is concerned but also in monitoring A.E. Indeed, despite medical treatment (antibiotics + anti-inflammatory drugs), it is possible that some A.E. are evolving either to abscess or to their "vascular" form; The ultimate form of the acute epididymo-orchitis is necrosis of the testis. This is due to, or amplified by, vascular compression linked up with edema. Surgical intervention has therefore to investigate by inguinal path the entire spermatic cord and the épididymis-testis system, and to apply the "decompression technique" requested.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Birth control overseas].

After reminding the changes of ovarian cycle during sexual life, the authors propose some indications on the reversible means that can be used for birth control in the developing countries where they practice. As practicing is very peculiar to these countries and in order to enable married couples to decide freely upon different advisable possibilities, the authors underline the importance to develop all the educational ways and means on this topic.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cancer of the penis in Cambodia].

The prevalence of penis cancer in Cambodia is comparable with some Far-East and Latino-American countries. Circumcision performed as a religious observance among Jews or undergone as a regular practice among older Moslems children (the Islam Kmers in Cambodia) might provide an indirect protection against this kind of cancer. It indeed helps in ensuring proper personnal hygiene and in improving the detection, the treatment and the aftercare of all the mild lesions which possibly can pave the way to cancer. Out of of 253 observed cases recorded during a 10 years period (from 1960 to 1970), 164 were treated and followed up by the same surgical team from 1964 to 1970. They stress on those etiopathogenic factors and make possible a description of the reported "anatomoclinical" forms. The use of radiumtherapy either by contact or by means of needles is quite effective; however, when corpora cavernosa are involved, it will be often necessary to perform either a partial amputation or to an emasculation in case of entirely overspreading lesions. As metastases are of rare occurence, it is regarded as a "mild cancer"; however the sequelae due to the treatment are far from small importance. Through better personnal hygiene, detection, treatment, and surveillance of inflammations and benign tumors, with the renforcement of circumcision as a regular practice for every case of phimosis or chronic lesions, an effective prevention of this kind of cancer will expectedly be carried out in Cambodia and its prevalence will be reduced to a rate similar to that in European countries.

Cambodia↗