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P Berner

Publications and source records attributed to P Berner.

87 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evolution of diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia].

Many operational diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia, which are rooted to various degrees in the concepts of Kraepelin, E. Bleuler and K. Schneider, have been developed during the last two decades. They often incorporate prognostic factors to which Langfeldt in particular had drawn attention. These recent criteria vary considerably according to the attitude taken with regard to Jasper's hierarchical principle, which accords a diagnostic superiority to schizophrenic symptoms over affective symptomatology. Attribution to schizophrenia is very different depending upon whether the systems uphold, reject or reverse this principle. One should distinguish between classifications based upon a consensus of experts or experienced clinicians on the one hand and diagnostic research criteria destined to test etiopathogenetic hypotheses on the other. The important principles of attribution of DSM III and DSM III-R are outlined as well as their shortcomings, the latter leading to the conclusion that one should not restrict oneself to employ solely the American classification, but utilize it along with other classifications, such as the French empirical criteria or the Vienna research criteria, in order to see more clearly whether the very broad definitions of schizophrenia do not camoufly particular etiopathogenetic entities which ought to be identified.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Treatment of negative symptoms in schizophrenia with neuroleptics].

Different concepts of negative symptoms in schizophrenia are reviewed. The beneficial effects of neuroleptics are discussed. The results of a pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study with Amisulpride in healthy volunteers are reported. Preliminary findings of a study with Amisulpride in schizophrenic patients with predominately negative symptoms are presented. The utility of various rating scales for documenting the clinical state of these patients during therapy, and correlations of negative symptoms with psychometric and psychophysiological data are discussed. Finally, therapeutic consequences suggested by different hypothesized etiological factors causing negative symptoms are considered.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Semiology and nosology].

While distinguishing three successive steps in the making of a diagnosis, the authors point out the premises of modern semiology. They refer to the work of K. Schneider (pragmatic approach), Jaspers, Bleuler and Janzarik (approach based on theoretical concepts), Kasanin and finally Langfeldt (empirical approach). Current approaches of semiology try to define diagnostic criteria. In that line of thinking, the school of Vienna, while establishing the insufficiency of all systems, proposes the adoption of a polydiagnostic approach that would eventually define consistent semiologies that refer with certainty to real nosological entities.

Bipolar Disorder↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnostic criteria and European nosology].

The elaboration of a-theoretical comprehensive classifications has become a main concern of American psychiatry. European psychiatrists are frequently reluctant to join this consensus-based endeavour. Their nosological approaches have largely been guided by the theoretical distinction between genuine mental diseases and quantitative psychic deviations: Jasper' warning that the dismemberment of the latter leads astray incited them to concentrate mainly on the classification of the former. Thus, European psychiatrists developed several concepts of functional psychoses which differ in regard to the subdivision of these disorders and their delimitation from mere quantitative deviations. The American classifications have partially abandoned or distorted traditional european views. In order to examine the reliance of their concepts the European schools should more systematically provide operational diagnostic criteria and submit them to polydiagnostic validation-studies.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[French translation of the Frankfurt Complaint Questionnaire (Frankfurter Beschwerde-Fragebogen, FBF, Süllwold, 1986)].

Observable behaviors play the predominant role in the clinical assessment of schizophrenia, while only secondary emphasis is placed on exclusively subjective complaints. Huber employed the phenomenological approach to obtain subjective symptoms that he named "basic symptoms". Subjective symptoms constitute an important component of the schizophrenic symptomatology. They may play a predominant role during the prodromal or early phases of the disease, they may be useful in elucidating cognitive and perceptual disturbances in schizophrenia. In the last decade, the assessment of patients' subjective experiences has acquired significance with the development of several instruments for their specific evaluation. The Frankfurt Complaint Questionnaire (FCQ, Süllwold, 1986) is the instrument most widely used in Europe for assessing subjective experiences. It covers a wide range of complaints of cognitive deficits that Süllwold compiled from the complaints of schizophrenic patients. We present the French translation of the FCQ. The availability of the FCQ in French could be an important step in promoting the study of subjective experiences in research and clinical activities.

Adaptation, Psychological↗