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Biomedical subjects

P Benard

Publications and source records attributed to P Benard.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Ethionine and methionine distribution and toxicity in the rat kidney.

Autoradiographic studies demonstrated that in the rat kidney radioactivity was localized mainly in the medulla in animals injected with [14C]ethionine, whereas it was distributed homogeneously throughout the whole parenchyma in rats given [14C]methionine. This difference of distribution was consistent with a difference in renal toxicity: a single i.p. dose (1 g/kg) of ethionine induced a slight but persistent (6 days) damage to kidney tubule cells evidenced by an increase of urinary GGT and slight disturbance of renal function, such damage was not observed with methionine.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Acute kidney toxicity of sodium fluoride in the rat.

Single i.p injection of 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50 and 1.00 mmol NaF/kg to male rats induced a dose-related increase of urine gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) elimination on the first day for all doses higher or equal to 0.25 mmol NaF/kg. Kidney damage began between 2--4 h following the injection and lasted only 12 h for the 0.50 mmol NaF/kg dose. There was an increase of diuresis and of phosphaturia even at lower doses.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Distribution of radioactivity in rats injected with L-14C methionine as studied by whole body autoradiography.

14C-L methionine was given intraperitoneally to rats. The delivered dose was 2.7 mg . kg-1 and the injected activity was 100 microCi . kg-1. Whole body autoradiography was performed on all rats. We noted the highest uptake of radioactivity in the liver and the pancreas. In the liver, there was an accumulation of radioactivity which occurs in the two hours after the injection. In the pancreas, both exocrine and endocrine portions were labelled. All the other organs were labelled but the highest activities are found in high protein turn-over tissues (glands, bone-marrow, spleen). This suggests that methionine is rapidly incorporated into proteins which can explain the persistence of radioactivity in the body of rats injected with this amino acid.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Elaboration of an in vivo model, in half life size, for aeronautical purposes].

Toxic effects of combustion products originating from plane cabin constituents are studied, in vivo, in Rats. The model associates an important combustion room, and an experience room containing eight revolving cages for Rats; these cages allow a remote control of the movements of the Rats which can be electrically stimulated and ejected. Such a device permits to study the incapacitance, i.e. the inability to move. For the combustion of a seat, without ventilation, incapacitation appears in 2 to 6 min. Biochemical screening demonstrates on increase of pCO2, carboxyhemoglobin and glycemia and a decrease of pO2.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Protection against mercuric chloride nephropathy by sodium selenite in the rat].

Daily intraperitoneal injection of 2.5 or 5 mumole HgCl2 to male Rats weighing 250 to 350 g induces an early intense increase of urine gamma-glutamyl transferase activity. In the same conditions, equimolecular administration of sodium selenite and mercuric chloride induces no increase of the enzymuria for the low dose: for the high dose- a minor and more persistent increase of urine GGT is observed. Thus, the activity of urines GGT allows, in vivo, to establish that sodium selenite protects Rat kidney against toxic effects of mercuric chloride.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Contribution to the definition of reference values in the hare: hematology -- blood biochemistry (author's transl)].

The following hematological and biochemical reference values were determined in 150 hares: hematocrit, blood count and leucocytic formula, Na, K, Cl, P, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, glucose, urea, creatinine, uric acid, cholesterol, bilirubin, triglycerides, proteins and fractions, PAL, PAC, TGO, TGP, amylase, GGT, LDH. Once the effects of sex and age have been established, the references defined here will be used as a base for interpreting disturbances linked either to pathology or nutrition.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Blood and tissue distribution of gamma glutamyl transferase in calves.

In five male and five female calves, we studied the tissue distribution of gamma-glutamyl transferase. The enzyme was mainly in kidney, pancreas, and liver; there was no sex-related difference. The relative hepatic and pancreatic specificity of the enzyme indicated that the measure of its activity in serum could be a test of hepatic or pancreatic damage in the calf. Serum activity measured within 159 samples of apparently healthy calves was 15.3 +/- 3.7 U/liter, not differing significantly from that of adult cow.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Pharmacokinetic study of 14C-carbaryl in pregnant mice (author's transl)].

The distribution of a single oral dose of 1-naphthyl-N-méthyl 14C-carbamate (Carbaryl), a cholinesterase inhibitor, in pregnant mice (18th day) was determined by whole-body autoradiography and 14C-activity counting of main organs. Although most of the 14C was quickly eliminated (24 h), mainly by the biliary route, there was retention in the maternal organs. Placental transfer of the radioactivity was rapid and readily detectable 5 h after administration. Radioactivity in the foetus remained higher than in the maternal kidney, spleen and heart and persisted after birth. Localisation in foetal eye, liver and central nervous system was observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Application of macroscopic autoradiography to large animals in veterinary pharmacokinetics: the distribution of sodium selenite labelled with 75Se in the pig.

Macroscopic autoradiography has been applied to large animals, such as pigs. It consists in carrying out slides of different organs in well definite conditions (slide thickness, exposure rate...). Then, it is possible to compare all results with optical densitometry techniques. We have applied it to the metabolic study of sodium selenite labelled with 75Se in pigs. Autoradiography and quantification of organs as a function of time showed that for activities below 10(5) counts per minute and per gram, we get similar results. So, it is possible to use Ullberg's technique with large animals. This is very interesting in veterinary drug metabolism studies where we must determine acceptable residual levels for human consumers.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Blood serum biochemistry of ponies (author's transl)].

A wide blood serum biochemical profile, concerning especially blood lipids has been performed in 31 apparently healthy Shetland and Potiock ponies. These blood standard values will be useful for studies on ponies' hyperlipemia.

Animals↗