Deficiency of CD4+CD45R+ T lymphocytes in common variable immunodeficiency.
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Antigens, CD↗
Biomedical subjects
P Bardos
Publications and source records attributed to P Bardos.
Kawasaki disease and oxidative metabolism.
The plasmid lipid peroxidation products: malonyldialdehyde (MDA), organic hydroperoxides (OHP) and zinc peripheral values were analysed in seven children with Kawasaki disease, in the acute phase, before and after treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins. In the acute phase, plasma levels of MDA (2.95 +/- 0.30 mumol/l, control group: 2.52 +/- 0.08 mumol/l) and OHP (235 +/- 65 mumol/l, control group: 120 +/- 10) were increased (p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.01). Moreover, plasma zinc levels were significantly decreased (10 +/- 2.15 mumol/l versus 15.6 +/- 2.5 mumol/l in control group, p less than 0.05). After treatment with immunoglobulins, MDA, OHP and plasma zinc levels returned to normal. The parallel normalisation of clinical injury draws attention to the possible role of oxygen intermediates in connective tissue degradation and in the pathogenesis of vascular abnormalities in Kawasaki disease.
Acute-Phase Reaction↗
Thrombocytopenia in systemic lupus erythematosus: association with antiplatelet and anticardiolipin antibodies.
Serum platelet bindable immunoglobulin G (SPbIgG) and anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA) have been assayed in SLE patients with (group A, n = 8) and without thrombocytopenia (group B, n = 8). Moreover, we studied the binding of serum IgG on platelet proteins using a Western blotting procedure. Increased levels of SPbIgG were found in all thrombocytopenic patients and in five cases of group B. A binding of serum IgG on platelet proteins (80 and 53 kDa) was seen in seven of eight thrombocytopenic patients and in only one case of group B. ACA were present in the serum of four patients in each group and a significant inhibition of ACA IgG by entire washed platelets was achieved in only two severe thrombocytopenic cases. These data suggest that participation of ACA to the platelet destruction can be evoked for a few SLE patients, whereas recognition of platelet protein determinants by lupus autoantibodies is necessary to the thrombocytopenia.
Adolescent↗
Long-term follow-up after Carpentier tricuspid valvuloplasty.
To study the long-term results of tricuspid valvuloplasty, pre- and postoperative (51 +/- 17 months) echocardiographic and catheterization data were collected from 51 patients (aged 59 +/- 9 years). Because of severe mitral stenosis all patients received a heterograft in the mitral position and underwent reconstructive tricuspid surgery with Carpentier rings. With regard to postoperative clinical outcome three patient groups were distinguished: 37 patients (group A) showed clear clinical improvement; in seven patients mild, and in three patients moderate tricuspid regurgitation persisted. A mild tricuspid stenosis of less than 4 mm Hg mean diastolic gradient was found in 11 patients. Patients in group B (n = 8) showed no clinical improvement, but there was persistence of moderate tricuspid regurgitation associated with nearly unchanged pulmonary hypertension in five patients and moderate tricuspid stenosis in two. Six patients (group C) showed deterioration of their clinical status; in two patients a severe degree of tricuspid regurgitation persisted, and four patients were first seen with a tricuspid stenosis with a mean diastolic gradient greater than 7 mm Hg. Analysis of postoperative data showed that tricuspid stenosis may develop during surgery in patients with slightly shrunken valve leaflets. Although the area of the anterior tricuspid leaflet was slightly underestimated, we found that long-term results of tricuspid valve annuloplasty with a Carpentier ring were encouraging. Doppler echocardiography for detection of tricuspid regurgitation and transvalvular pressure gradient showed results identical to hemodynamic data and is a suitable and sensitive method for evaluating postoperative results after tricuspid valve annuloplasty.
Aged↗
[Reduced myocardial fatty acid utilization in coronary heart disease following symptom limited ergometric stress. Detection of pathologic metabolic patterns using iodine-123-phenylpentadecanoic acid and sequential SPECT].
Regional cardiac free fatty acid metabolism of 41 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and of 10 controls with normal coronary arteries was studied by means of I-123 phenylpentadecanoic acid (IPPA), a radioiodinated palmitic acid analog, and sequential single photon emission tomography (SPECT). All patients and controls underwent symptom--limited bicycle exercise, with the tracer being injected at peak stress. More than 99% of left ventricular segment of controls showed homogeneous tracer uptake and release, indicating homogeneous free fatty acid turnover in normal myocardium. Homogeneous postexercise uptake was followed by decreasing segmental activity in 75.1% of normally perfused segments in patients with CAD. Sixty-five percent and 88.6% of segments, assigned to the perfusion bed of 50%-75% and greater than 75% obstructed vessels had decreased IPPA release and/or reduced IPPA uptake. Patients with exercise induced ischemia had focal metabolic abnormalities in jeopardized myocardium for significantly longer time than clinical or electrocardiographic signs of ischemia (p less than 0.01). All patients with CAD and a negative stress test had metabolic abnormalities, but exhibited, compared to ECG--positive patients, less pronounced segmental metabolic aberrations. These findings indicate reduced cardiac utilization and delayed oxidation of IPPA, associated with exercise-induced ischemia in CAD. The metabolic changes suggest a marked sensitivity to ischemia as well as prolonged postischemic abnormalities of cardiac fatty acid metabolism in jeopardized myocardium.
Angina Pectoris↗
Long-term study of serum glycosyl-transferase levels in pregnant women and their newborn infants.
1. The authors have studied changes of glucosyl-, galactosyl- and sialyl-transferase activities in the sera of women during pregnancy and the early post-partum period, and in neonates from birth to 1 yr of age. 2. Galactosyl- and glucosyl-transferase activities throughout pregnancy were high in comparison to control values, and increased with advancing gestation. In the early post-partum period, the activities of these enzymes decreased markedly, reaching values similar to those of control subjects. 3. There were no variations, however, in serum sialyl-transferase activity at any stage of pregnancy or the post-partum period. In newborn infants, serum glucosyl- and sialyl-transferase activities were identical to control values. 4. Galactosyl-transferase activity was high at birth, decreased progressively and returned to the normal range only after 1 yr. 5. The physiological significance of these glycosyl-transferases in the sera of pregnant women and newborn infants is discussed.
Female↗
Serial study of T-lymphocyte subsets in women during very early pregnancy.
The aim of this serial study was to define variations in T-lymphocyte populations during the first weeks of pregnancy. Results obtained with 14 women pregnant after artificial insemination show that the CD4+ population decreased significantly as soon as the fourth week. This decrease was concomitant with the HCG peak and could be compatible with certain immunological mechanisms participating in tolerance to the fetal graft.
Adult↗
Effect of continuous low-dose gamma-irradiation on rat Sertoli cell function.
Continuous low-dose gamma-irradiation of mature rats induced a progressive degeneration of the germ cells. Blood FSH increased by 127, 176 and 214%, respectively, after 55, 70 and 85 days of treatment when compared to FSH levels in control rats (8.50 +/- 0.60 ng/ml); conversely, serum LH and testosterone levels were unchanged. The Sertoli cell function was affected by the treatment from 70 days on, as attested by androgen binding protein (ABP) and transferrin secretions which diminished 35-40%. Serum ABP levels were not altered, whatever the duration of irradiation, even though epididymal ABP contents (as well as concentrations) diminished 34-60% when compared to those of the controls. Moreover, in purified Leydig cells, LH-stimulated intracellular cAMP levels, which were decreased by seminiferous tubule medium (STM) from control rats, were enhanced in presence of STM from treated animals. Testosterone output was stimulated 9-fold in presence of oLH and further increased (46-76%) from stages XIV-V by STM prepared from control and irradiated rats, respectively. After 85 days the STM effects on both cAMP and testosterone syntheses were zero. These results demonstrate a probable alteration of Sertoli cell function after irradiation, but also a role of the germ cells in the regulation of the synthesis of ABP, transferrin and Sertoli cell paracrine factors.
Androgen-Binding Protein↗
Seminal fluid transferrin as an index of gonadal function in men.
Seminal fluid transferrin concentrations of proven fertile donors and normozoospermic patients were significantly higher (P less than 0.001) than those in other groups examined. There were no significant differences in the transferrin values among vasectomized, azoospermic and very severe oligozoospermic subjects. Values were also similar in patients affected by secretory or excretory azoospermia. Regression analysis showed a positive correlation (P less than 0.001, r = 0.72) between seminal fluid transferrin concentrations and sperm density. A negative correlation (P less than 0.02, r = 0.28) existed between circulating FSH and seminal fluid transferrin concentrations. There were no significant differences between seminal fluid transferrin and the percentages of abnormal sperm cells or immature seminal line elements. These results indicate that the nature of seminiferous tubule dysfunction can be precisely defined by examining seminal fluid transferrin in combination with other biological values usually used to explore testicular function.
Follicle Stimulating Hormone↗
Carotid endarterectomy: factors influencing perioperative complications.
Early carotid surgery has been suggested to be an important cause of perioperative deterioration due to secondary haemorrhage into a recent brain infarction. It has also been suggested that the existence of preoperative neurological deficits may worsen the prognosis of surgical treatment in carotid disease. Neither of these observations could be confirmed; severe perioperative complications (5%) in this study of carotid endarterectomy were strongly related to the degree of carotid stenosis. This aspect of carotid surgery has not been previously studied. Even though technical difficulties may play an exaggerated role in a training hospital system, it is nevertheless necessary to assess the impact of surgical procedures of different extent when the "acceptable risk" for carotid surgery is calculated.
Adult↗
[Ductus arteriosus diverticulum or aortic rupture: a differential diagnostic problem in severely injured patients].
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Accidents, Traffic↗
Consequences of bilateral brain neocortical ablation on imuthiol-induced immunostimulation in mice.
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Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
[Isotypes of rheumatoid factors and cellular immunity anomalies in rheumatoid polyarthritis. Apropos of 61 cases].
In 61 patients with rheumatoid polyarthritis, we studied the rheumatoid factors isotypes, class IgM, IgG, IgA and the abnormalities of the ratio CD4/CD8 (lymphocytes with membrane phenotype "helper"/lymphocytes with membrane phenotype "suppressor") determined by monoclonal antibodies. We found a statistically significant increase of the rate of IgM rheumatoid factors (p less than 0.0001), IgG (p less than 0.004), IgA (p less than 0.008), in patients with rheumatoid polyarthritis whose ratio exceeded that of the control population. On the other hand, the percentage of rheumatoid factors detected by agglutination was not significantly increased in this group. This increase seemed linked to a specific abnormality of the control of lymphocytes B which synthesize rheumatoid factors.
Adult↗
[Rheumatoid factors. Isotypes and severity of rheumatoid polyarthritis].
The immuno-enzymatic method permits the separate study of rheumatoid factors (RF): IgM as well as IgG, IgA, IgE, IgD. In 43 patients with rheumatoid polyarthritis (RP), classic or definite, we have studied the correlations between the various parameters of articular and extraarticular activity of RP and the levels of each isotype of RF. A statistically significant correlation of the articular activity was found with RF IgG (p less than 0.01), RF IgA (p less than 0.01). As compared to RP without rheumatoid nodule, RPs with rheumatoid nodules presented a level of RF IgM (p less than 0.05), RF IgG, IgA, IgE (p less than 0.01) which was statistically higher; a statistically significant correlation was found between haptoglobin levels and those of RF IgG (p less than 0.01). A negative correlation, statistically significant, was found between CH 50 and the levels of RF IgM. This study confirms previous studies which were carried out with an immuno-enzymatic method of detection of RF isotypes.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
[Heart valve replacement in patients over 60].
UNLABELLED: Between 1976 and 1984, 182 patients over 60 years with valvular defects were examined invasively and valve replacement was performed. 34 patients (19%) were older than 70 years. Hospital mortality was 2% in aortic valve replacement, 4% in mitral valve and 8% in double valve replacement. Overall early mortality in patients between 60 and 70 years of age was 3.4% and 6% in patients over 70 years for all operations. Simultaneous aortocoronary bypass surgery did not enhance the operation risk. During the follow-up period of 23 +/- 22 months a total of 21 patients died (12%). Only 4% of the survivals showed clinical deterioration by at least one NYHA class. Clinical tendency to improvement was as clearly evident among the patients of over 70 years of age as among the entire group. Preoperative invasive and noninvasive data do not display any significant correlation with the result of surgery. Significantly higher (P less than 0.05) mortality rates or inferior functional operation results were seen only with higher age, a preceding valve operation, and preoperative NYHA class IV. CONCLUSION: In elderly patients indication for valve replacement should not be more restrictive than in younger ones. Postponement of valve replacement in these age groups until the patient experiences symptoms when at rest (NYHA class IV) will adversely affect the chances of success and increase the mortality risk.
Aged↗
Effect of human syncytiotrophoblast plasma membrane-soluble extracts on in vitro mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation. A possible inhibition mechanism involving the transferrin receptor.
Transferrin (Tf) binding to lymphocytes and to syncytiotrophoblast plasma membranes (STPM) and their soluble extracts (STPM-SE) was examined, as well as the effect of the latter on mitogen-induced lymphoproliferation. Lymphocytes only express Tf receptors (Rtf) after mitogen (phytohemagglutinin or concanavalin A) stimulation, and the percentage of Tf bound by stimulated lymphocytes increased as a function of contact time with the mitogen, reaching a maximum at 72 hr. Studies of Tf binding to STPM-SE showed that the percentage of bound Tf increased proportionally to the protein concentration, but was additionally enhanced by a factor of three when STPM were pretreated with 3 M KCl. Scatchard analysis of Tf binding to lymphocytes cultured for 72 hr in the presence of mitogen, as well as to STPM and STPM-SE, revealed that this binding was specific and occurs via a single category of identical and independent receptors the numbers and affinity constants (Ka) of which have been determined. The results obtained by using STPM indicate that the Ka does not vary significantly from one preparation to another, but that the number of sites per milligram of protein increases by a factor of 10 when the STPM are pretreated with 3 M KCl (KCl-STPM). Finally, STPM-SE inhibited the mitogen-induced lymphoproliferative response whether or not they were treated with 3 M KCl. This inhibition was not due to lymphocytotoxicity, was dose dependent regardless of the preparation used, but was maximized with the KCl-STPM-SE fraction. The correlation between the inhibitory capacities of the soluble STPM extracts and the numbers of RTf sites present on their membranes leads to the hypothesis that the observed inhibition could involve the RTf. This effect may help in protecting the fetus from the maternal immune system at the time of the semi-allogenic fetal graft.
Binding, Competitive↗
Characterization of the human syncytiotrophoblast plasma membrane associated components.
A purification procedure of synctiotrophoblast plasma membrane (STPM) has previously been described. We now report a further characterization of their associated components. By immunochemical analysis two groups of proteins were found. The first fraction solubilized by chaotrope treatment was made up with a complex of IgG, albumin, transferrin and alpha-fetoprotein. The second fraction, insolubilized by KCl-treatment but by detergents, did not react with antisera to human proteins; it contained human chorionic gonadotropin and placental lactogen. The amino acid, carbohydrate and lipid content of STPM were determined. High galactosyl- and sialyl-transferase activities were found in purified STPM. The role of these various components on the acceptance of the fetal allograft is discussed.
Amino Acids↗
A simple and sensitive solid-phase radioimmunoassay for measuring the transferrin content of human biological fluids: its application to seminal plasma.
A highly sensitive and reproducible radioimmunoassay was established to detect transferrin in human fluids. By this technique, applied to seminal fluid, transferrin levels (micrograms/ml) were found in normozoospermic individuals (64.49 +/- 25.41) at level higher than in oligozoospermic (38.93 +/- 21.35), azoospermic (19.49 +/- 10.23), or vasectomized (19.61 +/- 8.95) subjects. A relationship between transferrin and spermatozoid concentration in sperm was shown. These results reinforce previous findings that seminal transferrin can be used as a reliable clinical marker of Sertoli Cell function.
Body Fluids↗