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Biomedical subjects

P Balogh

Publications and source records attributed to P Balogh.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Quick scouting of eggs of western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, 1868) from soil.

Main method to control the American Corn Rootworm is crop rotation (Camprag et. al., 1994) but we don't know how to determine the possible number of larvae under fall so we cannot use autumn cereals to change the row of cultivated plants. The pest spends almost 10 months in soil in egg and larval state (Chiang, 1973). There are two methods for scouting Diabrotica eggs and larval instars from soil over the winter. One of the two most important methods is holding soil samples on fixed temperature (Fromm et al., 1999). This method takes more than one and a half month but its result is highly reliable. The conventional egg-washing technique takes fewer days to count the number of Diabrotica eggs in soil but it has lower effectiveness than the other one because the eggs in a sample cannot be counted correctly. Our results show that the effectiveness of egg washing with high concentrated salty water (NaCl) is high and the method is quick enough to help planning the crop rotation even under the autumn period (Takács et al., 2004).

Agriculture↗
PubMed2004

Effective control method of larvae of Diabrotica virgifera virgifera Leconte.

Larvae of WCR are feeding on the roots of corn while plants fall down. The egg hatching is continuous and soil insecticides are not effective to kill larvae. Unfortunately the recent control methods while we incorporate disinfectors Into the soil under seeding are not able to give enough effect on larvae of WCR under the whole period of larval development. We use to saw corn in the middle of April but eggs hatching start in the middle of May. The effectiveness of insecticides takes about one month so they are not able to protect plants from larvae are feeding on roots (Luckman et al., 1974 and Luckmann et al., 1975). They cause yield losses or in case of plant fall we can not harvest the corn. We have tested a material in greenhouse screening and field trips that is able to absorb insecticides and bind them into its body. This material is able to emit the agents continuously under the vegetation and we can protect our plants against the damages of WCR larvae. Our results shows that the material is able to elongate the effectiveness of the pesticides over 60 days and able to push the number of larvae under the economical threshold.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

The ecological study of cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa rmigera Hubner 1808) in Hungary.

The cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera Hbn.) is a poliphagous pest. Caterpillars feed on flowers, crops and seeds. In 2001 the meaningful catching-period was in August (Szeoke, 2001). In 2003 we detected the swarming already in June. We observed many caterpillars on its nutritive crops. It caused significant economic damage in this year. 1ST EXAMINATION: We collected larvae and reared pupae out of it in a pot. We took it into the soil. The swarming of the moths from the pots was in June. The mortality was high, more than 90%. 2ND EXAMINATION: We made cold tests with pupae. We examined 5 x 10 pupae in three treatments. In the first treatment we reduced the temperature to -2 degrees C for 4 weeks. 92% of the pupae survived this cold. In the second treatment we reduced the temperature to -2 degrees C for 3 weeks and to -7 degrees C for 1 week. 86% of the pupae survived this procedure. In the third treatment we reduced the temperature to -2 degreesbC for 3 weeks and -15 degrees C for 1 week. 100% of the pupae were perished. 3RD EXAMINATION: In the first treatment we raised caterpillars on 13 hours lighting and 24 degrees C. The swarming was from 20th April to 4th May 2004. In the second treatment we reared the worms on 20 hours lighting and 18 degrees C. The main swarming was on 3rd January 2004. So we could say that the cotton bollworm has diapause. The more effective factor of the diapause is the length of the lighting.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Ontogeny of the follicular dendritic cell phenotype and function in the postnatal murine spleen.

Follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) represent a unique cell population of antigen trapping cells restricted to follicles within the secondary lymphoid tissues. FDCs appear to be involved in the formation of primary follicles during the ontogeny of lymphoid tissue. We sought to determine the kinetics and tissue distribution of cells in the spleen of newborn mice expressing various differentiation antigens restricted to FDCs using immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against FDCs and in vivo immune complex binding and retention. The earliest FDC-specific marker displayed was the antigenic determinant recognized by the FDC-M1 mAb, which was detectable by Day 3 prior to follicle formation on cells located around the peripheral part of the developing white pulp. The appearance of CD21/35 (complement receptor Type 2 and 1, CR1.2) was observed at the end of the first week, revealing a focal pattern in B-cell-rich areas. In addition, at that time there were some FDC-M1-positive cells in the nonfollicular part of the periarteriolar region. The administration of anti-horseradish peroxidase antibody followed by soluble antigen HRP into 7-day-old newborn mice resulted in the trapping and retention of immune complexes onto FDCs even in the absence of Fcgamma receptors. The appearance of another FDC-specific marker, FDC-M2, was observed during the second week after birth and was restricted on the cells located in the same area as CR1.2 cells. The Fcgamma receptor Type II appeared on FDCs after the second postnatal week. The above sequence of phenotypic maturation could also be observed in newborns after lethal irradiation at Day 3. This indicates that not only mature FDCs but also their precursors are highly radioresistant, and their phenotypic maturation follows a programmed path that requires only a small number of mature B cells.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Phenotypic identification and development of distinct microvascular compartments in the postnatal mouse spleen.

In this paper we report the development of the sinus network of mouse spleen during the first postnatal month as studied with a set of new rat monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against mouse splenic endothelial cell subpopulations. One of the new mAbs (IBL-7/1) also stained B-cell lineage cells in the spleen shortly after the birth as confirmed by three-color flow cytometry. This B-cell staining in the primordial follicles vanished by the fourth postnatal week, so that the expression of IBL-7/1 antigen was restricted to the marginal sinus endothelium and some red pulp sinuses and a minor B-cell subset in the spleen, presumably distinct from the follicular B-cell compartment. The other mAb (IBL-9/2) selectively labeled the sinusoids of the deeper part of the red pulp, without any reactivity against hemopoietic cells. The IBL-9/2-reactive cells in newborns appeared as isolated elements throughout spleen, and during the segregation of white and red pulps they formed an extensive network in the red pulp outside the marginal zone. Double-labeling immunofluorescence revealed that most of these sinusoids also stained weakly with IBL-7/1 mAb, whereas the strongly IBL-7/1-positive vessels of this region were IBL-9/2 negative. Neither of these mAbs reacted with the central artery. The comparative phenotypic analysis of the various vascular segments indicates that the splenic sinusoids of the marginal zone and red pulp, respectively, are lined with a heterogeneous array of endothelium. For the precise identification, isolation, and characterization of the possible homing function of these endothelium subsets these region-specific mAbs may be of potential value.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2000

Fine-tuning the EBV+ hu-PBL-SCID xenogeneic chimera model using in vivo superinfection.

Our purpose was to establish a reproducible xenogeneic chimera model to observe tumors similar to the well-known human posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease (LPD). First we followed the original protocol injecting Epstein-Barr virus positive (EBV+) human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) intraperitoneally into immunodeficient (SCID) mice. Human cells showed T cell phenotype in majority one week after the transfer, whereas one month later a shift towards B cell phenotype was evident according to immunohistochemical and flow cytometric analysis. At this stage the intraperitoneal mass of cells suggested a biologically malignant behaviour infiltrating the liver and the spleen of the host animal. Immunohistochemistry indicated proliferating human lymphatic cells expressing EBV associated proteins and characteristic patterns of invasion within the affected organs. Eventually LPD was lethal to the host animals in 46-67 days. However, the microscopic appearance of experimental LPD was different from the human haemopoietic malignancies: the basic structures of lymphatic organs were preserved and the human T and B cells repopulated the normally T and B dependent areas in mice. The phenotypes of the proliferating cells were human and characteristic for the mature T- and B-lymphocytes. No dominant clone developed during in vitroculturing of the biologically invasive mass of cells removed from the tumor-bearing mice. The results of microscopical, immunological, and flow cytometrical analysis suggested a mature but uncontrolled proliferation of human lymphocytes in SCID mice. The original method for the induction of post-transplant LPD in SCID mice was modified in our further experiments to standardise the experimental technique increasing the efficiency of B cell proliferation and the reducing the number of unspecific factors. Subsequent in vivo EBV superinfection was carried out after the intraperitoneal transfer of a reduced quantity of human PBL from different donors. The same disease developed in our modified chimera model as by the use of original protocol except for some valuable differences. All hosts developed LPD regardless the significantly reduced amount of transplanted PBL and it was lethal in a shorter period of time (41-43 days) compared to the original model. The decreased quantity of transplanted human lymphatic cells was formerly insufficient using the original protocol. Therefore this modified and standardised protocol can lead to a more predictable and reproducible model allowing us to examine fine details of posttransplant lympho-proliferative disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Molecular cloning, chromosomal mapping, and developmental expression of a novel protein tyrosine phosphatase-like gene.

Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) mediate the dephosphorylation of phosphotyrosine. PTPs are known to be involved in many signal transduction pathways leading to cell growth, differentiation, and oncogenic transformation. We have cloned a new family of novel protein tyrosine phosphatase-like genes, the Ptpl (protein tyrosine phosphatase-like; proline instead of catalytic arginine) gene family. This gene family is composed of at least three members, and we describe here the developmental expression pattern and chromosomal location for one of these genes, Ptpla. In situ hybridization studies revealed that Ptpla expression was first detected at embryonic day 8.5 in muscle progenitors and later in differentiated muscle types: in the developing heart, throughout the liver and lungs, and in a number of neural crest derivatives including the dorsal root and trigeminal ganglia. Postnatally Ptpla was expressed in a number of adult tissues including cardiac and skeletal muscle, liver, testis, and kidney. The early expression pattern of this gene and its persistent expression in adult tissues suggest that it may have an important role in the development, differentiation, and maintenance of a number of different tissue types. The human homologue of Ptpla (PTPLA) was cloned and shown to map to 10p13-p14.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1999

Detection of phenotypic heterogeneity within the murine splenic vasculature using rat monoclonal antibodies IBL-7/1 and IBL-7/22.

The homing of lymphocytes into various peripheral lymphoid organs involves a complex set of interactions between the circulating lymphoid cells and the local endothelium. While the initial binding and the adhesion processes of lymphocytes leading to their homing to the lymph nodes have thoroughly been studied, relatively little is known about the lymphoid-endothelial interactions taking place in the spleen. Our aim was to isolate rat monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against the endothelial cells of the mouse spleen. Using splenic stroma derived from irradiated mice as antigen, two new rat MAbs were isolated. The MAb designated as IBL-7/1 bound to the sinus-lining (littoral) cells in the red pulp, marginal zone, and to the T- and B-cell compartments of the white pulp, respectively. However, it did not react with the central arteriole in the periarteriolar lymphoid sheath (PALS). In contrast to this pattern, the IBL-7/22 MAb recognized a shared antigen expressed by the sinusoidal and arterial endothelium. In addition to the endothelial reactivity, the IBL-7/22 MAb also stained the reticular components of the PALS and red pulp, but not that of the follicles. In vivo labelling with fluorescein (FITC)-conjugated IBL-7/1 MAb followed by confocal microscopic analysis revealed that the antigen recognized was expressed on the luminal surface of the sinusoids. The treatment of mice with IBL-7/1 MAb did not result in the altered distribution of T and B cells. These two new MAbs may be valuable tools for the phenotypic analysis of splenic endothelium, and can be used for the identification of various endothelial cell subpopulations of the mouse spleen.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Simple determination of donor/host origin and donor leukocyte subsets in rat-mouse chimeras.

In lethally irradiated mice, mixed lymphohaemopoietic chimerism can be established after their reconstitution with adult or embryonic rat haemopoietic stem cells. In this report we describe a simple fluorescent staining protocol for the determination of origin and type of various leukocyte cell subpopulations (rat or mouse, and rat T, B and myeloid cells, respectively) using whole blood samples from such animals. These data were comparable to those obtained in peripheral lymphoid tissues. Exploiting the slightly heterogeneous reactivity of the mouse monoclonal anti-rat CD45 antibody (MRC OX-1) revealed by the application of a PE-labelled monoclonal anti-mouse IgG1 secondary reagent together with a FITC-labelled rat anti-mouse CD45 mAb (IBL-5/25), we could determine the donor-derived T, B and myeloid cells from one sample in a two-step procedure. Further advantages to this easy staining procedure are that PBLs as test cells are readily available and the typing can be repeated, thus offering the opportunity for continuous monitoring of the degree of chimerism.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Studies on the tissue-related phenotypic heterogeneity of murine B cells.

The development of B cells is accompanied by their ability to specifically enter the peripheral lymphoid tissues. Recently, we described a novel rat monoclonal antibody (IBL-2; IgG2b/kappa) reacting with a 26/29-kD heterodimeric structure of the cell surface. This mAb has been found to recognize differentially the peripheral B cells of mice depending on their tissue origin. The majority of splenic B cells as well as the mature B cells in the bone marrow were stained with this mAb, whereas the B lymphocytes isolated from LN or Peyer's patches displayed only negligible reactivity. We extended these observations by analyzing the relationship between the expression of IBL-2 antigen and L-selection on the surface of B-cell precursors in the bone marrow by multiparameter flow cytometry. Within the B220 positive compartment, a significant difference of L-selectin expression could be observed between the various IBL-2-reactive subsets. Furthermore, we investigated whether evidences for the establishment of tissue-associated phenotypic heterogeneity similar to that found in normal mice could be found upon the adoptive transfer of normal unselected splenic lymphocytes into SCID recipients (Spl-SCID). It has been found that a large part of the splenic B cells preserved their IBL-2 reactivity, whereas the LN B cells had lost the IBL-2 antigen in Spl-SCID. These data indicate that the phenotypic difference within the SCID mice may be the result of the migration of B lymphocytes from the spleen toward the lymph nodes, and the altered expression of the IBL-2 antigen correlates with this process.

Adoptive Transfer↗
PubMed1995

Tissue-associated phenotypic heterogeneity of peripheral B cells in mice.

After their primary differentiation and selection in the bone marrow, the cells of B lineage are distributed to the peripheral lymphoid system. Here we report that, with the use of a novel rat monoclonal antibody (IBL-2), a tissue-related phenotypic difference could be observed in the peripheral B-cell compartment in mouse. The antigen recognized by this antibody is a 25,000/29,000 MW heterodimeric cell surface molecule which is resistant to phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C treatment, but is sensitive to proteases. The antigen was found to be expressed by the majority of B cells from the spleen, whereas the B cells from other peripheral sources (lymph nodes and Peyer's patches) proved to be negative. The staining pattern of splenic B cells was heterogeneous, containing a substantial dim population (IBL-2lo), and a smaller, intensely stained fraction (IBL-2hi) within the positive subset. Unlike the B cells, the T cells were negative in every peripheral lymphoid tissue analysed. In addition, the ratios between the various IBL-2-reactive B cells (positive to negative and, within the positive population, the IBL-2lo to IBL-2hi, respectively) in the spleen were quite similar to that of B cells in the bone marrow. Furthermore, the levels of L-selectin expressed by the various IBL-2-reactive subpopulations were found to be heterogeneous both in the bone marrow and in the spleen. The bone marrow cells could be resolved into double negative, L-selectin +/-/IBL-2lo, L-selectin--IBL-2lo, and L-selectin-/IBL-2hi populations, respectively. In the spleen, an additional fraction with L-selectin+/IBL-2- phenotype could be detected. In both tissues, the overwhelming majority of IBL-2hi cells were found at the MEL-14- compartment. We conclude that either these findings may reflect a heterogeneous development state within the peripheral B-cell pool, with a substantial fraction of splenic B cells being less differentiated than those in other peripheral lymphoid tissues, or alternatively, the differential reactivity of murine B cells with the IBL-2 monoclonal antibody is due to their tissue location.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Hapten-mediated identification of cell membrane antigens using an anti-FITC monoclonal antibody.

A monoclonal anti-FITC antibody (F4/1) was produced and demonstrated to be specific for both the free and protein-conjugated (either soluble or cell-bound) form of fluorescein, or carboxyfluorescein. When mouse thymocytes were labelled with a novel fluorescein derivative 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFl-NSE), the incorporation of fluorescein was predominantly membrane-bound as demonstrated immunohistochemically. The coupling of CFl-NSE to cells displays a random distribution pattern as shown by immunoblotting of cell extracts prepared by detergent solubilization of CFl-NSE-labelled thymocytes. In addition, the Thy-1.2 antigen immunoprecipitated from a CFl-NSE-labelled thymocyte lysate with a rat monoclonal antibody (Mab) could be detected using the anti-FITC Mab. The molecular weight of the immunoprecipitated material could be estimated immediately by reference to the FITC-labelled molecular weight markers electrophoresed simultaneously.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Cellular enzyme-linked immunocircle assay. A rapid assay of hybridomas produced against cell surface antigens.

A novel method has been developed for the initial screening of hybridomas produced against cell surface antigens. Glutaraldehyde-fixed cells were immobilized as targets on the lid of a 96-well tissue culture plate which had been precoated with poly-L-lysine. Antibody binding was determined by an immunoenzymatic method in an arrangement permitting both macro- and microscopic examination. After optimization with mouse thymus cells using existing rat monoclonal antibodies, new rat-mouse hybridoma cell lines against mouse thymocytes and bone marrow cells were screened. The antibodies could be characterized immediately both by the localization of the immune reaction (surface or intracellular) or as estimated by the frequency of positive cells recognized by the antibody in the sample.

Animals↗
PubMed1974

[Hematobilia].

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Bile↗