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Biomedical subjects

P Bacchini

Publications and source records attributed to P Bacchini.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Theophylline inhibition of BCG-induced pulmonary inflammatory responses.

The present study was performed to evaluate the effect(s) of theophylline on BCG-induced pulmonary inflammatory responses in an experimental rat model system. Five groups of six animals each received the following: group 1: theophylline-treated, BCG-challenged, and sacrificed three days later; group 2: saline-treated, BCG-challenged, and sacrificed three days later; group 3: theophylline-treated, BCG-challenged, and sacrificed five days later; group 4: saline-treated, BCG-challenged, and sacrificed five days later; and group 5: no treatment and no BCG-challenge ("absolute controls"). Quantitative recovery of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells was performed and compared with histopathologic changes in lung specimens from each animal in all five groups. No significant differences in quantitative BAL cellular recovery were observed in theophylline-treated animals from saline-treated controls. There was a significant reduction in BAL cell number in saline-treated animals sacrificed five days after BCG-challenge (group 4) from that seen in saline-treated animals sacrificed three days after BCG-challenge (group 2). The most striking finding, however, was a marked diminution in granuloma formation induced by theophylline five days after BCG challenge (group 3). These findings suggest an antiinflammatory effect of theophylline.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Malignant lymphoma involving the mandible. Clinical, morphologic, and immunohistochemical study of 17 cases.

We present 17 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the mandible, collected over a span of 10 years. Clinically, the patients showed a male:female ratio of 1:2.4 and a mean age of 60.6 years. Swelling was the most common symptom. In 11 of 17 patients, the disease presented in stage I. Radiotherapy alone was employed in 11 patients, in conjunction with chemotherapy in 5 patients, and was preceded by surgery in the remaining case. At this writing ten of the subjects are still alive, five died following progression of the disease, and two were lost during follow-up while in complete remission. Histopathology revealed 15 B-cell lymphomas (1 centroblastic/centrocytic, nine centroblastic, one Burkitt's, two immunoblastic, and two lymphoblastic) and two peripheral T-cell lymphomas (pleomorphic). The above diagnoses were confirmed by immunohistochemical analysis with a wide panel of reagents against fixative-resistant molecules. Our data suggest that (a) lymphomas of the mandible are principally represented by high-grade B-cell varieties (88%); (b) primitive T-cell lymphomas (here documented for the first time) have the same incidence in the mandible as they have in lymph nodes; and (c) immunohistochemistry, besides confirming histogenetic interpretations based on morphologic findings, provides the key to the differential diagnosis from malignant large-cell nonlymphoid tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Gardner syndrome. A report of 3 cases in members of the same family].

The aim of the present report is to describe the overall mandibular and extramandibular lesions correlated to Gardner's syndrome which were found in the same family (mother and two daughters). In two cases (mother and one daughter) mandibular lesions consisted of osteoma. In the latter, these were associated with composite odontoma. In the other daughter the lesions consisted of desmoid fibroma. The two daughters revealed single colonic polyposis whereas the mother was affected by multiple colonic polyposis and subcutaneous lipoma. Such a constellation of lesions may be attributed to Gardner's syndrome, a Mendelian hereditary syndrome which is often incomplete. In fact, intestinal polyposis can only be associated with one of the various extraintestinal manifestations of the syndrome. The recognition of the syndrome is important given the high percentage of intestinal polyp-adenocarcinoma associations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

The Istituto Rizzoli experience with small cell osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma has been divided into numerous varieties based on clinical, radiographic, and histologic characteristics. Small cell osteosarcoma is a distinct subtype with a histologic appearance in which the bulk of the lesion is composed of round malignant cells with minimal areas of spindle cells. Osteoid production is always present. The lesion may mimic Ewing's tumor and other lesions in which round cells are seen. We report the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features of this tumor, as well as the clinical outcome and response to therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Dedifferentiated peripheral chondrosarcomas. A report of seven cases.

Peripheral dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma (CS) is an exceedingly rare variant of the highly malignant entity of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma. Only five such cases have previously been reported. Seven cases are analyzed and evaluated for the presentation and natural history of this highly malignant lesion when it arises in a tumor that was previously an osteochondroma. Both peripheral and central dedifferentiated chondrosarcomas are high-grade malignant lesions and require wide or radical surgical margins for adequate treatment. Despite adequate resection, survival is poor; five of the seven cases presented herein died of metastatic spread of their disease. These cases of the peripheral variant of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma occurred in patients who were younger than patients with central dedifferentiated chondrosarcomas and may be present with longer duration of symptoms because they occur in previously long-standing benign osteochondromas. As such, they may be easily overlooked clinically and radiographically. Therefore, careful histologic analysis of all cartilage lesions arising on the surface of bone is essential to prevent overlooking foci of high-grade sarcomatous dedifferentiation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Primary chemotherapy and delayed surgery (neoadjuvant chemotherapy) for telangiectatic osteogenic sarcoma of the extremities.

Twelve patients with telangiectatic osteogenic sarcoma (TOS) of the extremities were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, according to two different protocols. Preoperatively the patients received high-dose methotrexate(HD-MTX)/cisplatinum(CPD) or HD-MTX/CPD/adriamycin(ADM). CPD was delivered intra-arterially, the other drugs intravenously. Limb salvage surgery was performed in eight instances and four patients underwent amputation. Post operative chemotherapy was tailored according to the grade of necrosis determined by preoperative treatment on the primary tumor. In ten cases (83%) the grade of necrosis resulted higher than 95%. The mean length of follow-up was 3.5 years with a range of 18 to 72 months. Ten patients (83%) remained continuously disease-free, while two patients developed lung metastases and died of uncontrolled disease. No local recurrences were observed. These results are better than those observed in 167 contemporary cases of conventional osteosarcoma treated with the same protocols. This study confirms that TOS is not always a lethal tumor as suggested by prior reports. Employing neoadjuvant chemotherapy a high percentage of patients with TOS can be cured and in most of them, limb sparing surgery is possible and safe.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Oncocytoma and low-grade oncocytic carcinoma of the kidney.

Oncocytoma is a term generally used to describe a neoplasm of the renal parenchyma consisting of well-differentiated cells with prominently eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. We report our experience with such tumors and with 4 cases of granular cell carcinoma (grade 2). We present the histopathology, surgical staging studies, treatment, and clinical outcome. Of the 10 patients, 7 are alive without evidence of tumor at a mean follow-up of 5 years from the initial treatment. Three patients have died, 2 from nontumor-related causes while the cause of death of the third patient is uncertain, possibly due to the tumor. Although well-differentiated oncocytic renal tumors are usually considered as uncommon when the diagnosis is made, nonaggressive behavior is expected. However, careful radiographic and pathologic examination is required to avoid the pitfall of overlooking a higher-grade, more lethal neoplasm which may be mixed with the well-differentiated oncocytic neoplasm and form a minority component. A wide resection, which in most cases is nephrectomy, is apparently curative and assures that complete pathological examination of the specimen can be accomplished. In more than 90% of the cases, the tumor is solitary and unilateral. Cases in which there are multiple tumors are often bilateral, and this finding may create diagnostic confusion.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1989

Intratumoral echo-guided injection of interleukin-2 and lymphokine-activated killer cells in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Interleukin-2 has proved to be effective for the intralesional treatment of tumors of the bladder. There are examples in literature of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment with lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells infused in the hepatic artery. We decided to check the effects of echo-guided intralesional injection of these cells in this disease. We treated 5 patients with inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma, following cirrhosis; in 4 cases the mass had a diameter less than 3 cm (small HCC) while in the remaining case it measured 7 cm. Tumor size remained unchanged in 3 of the 4 small HCC, and increased only slightly in the other (over a period of 10 months). This would appear to indicate that treatment halted neoplasm growth or at least slowed it down. The echo pattern of the lesions changed, with a constant reduction in echogenicity. Finally, in multiple control biopsies, fibrosis, present in only one case before treatment, was found fairly constantly after treatment. There were no significant side effects, apart from slight water retention in one patient. On the basis of our preliminary results, we consider it worthwhile continuing this study to establish the most suitable IL-2 doses and analyze in more detail the modifications induced in the neoplasm.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Tumors of the testis. Correlations between echographic, macroscopic and histological features in 48 cases].

The authors retrospectively reviewed the ultrasonographic findings of 48 histologically confirmed testicular neoplasms in order to analyse the echomorphologic findings and identify any typical patterns. A wide spectrum of US features was observed for testicular tumors, corresponding to the different macromorphologic parenchymal textures of the various neoplasms. US was extremely useful for differentiating testicular tumors from non-neoplastic scrotal pathologies. US could neither distinguish the only benign lesion nor classify histologically malignant neoplasms. US was 100% accurate in the evaluation of testicular tumors, and allowed the identification of frequent typical patterns in some types of neoplasms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Giant-cell tumor of bone with pulmonary metastases. Six case reports and a review of the literature.

Giant-cell tumor of bone rarely metastasizes to the lung. In three of six cases, lesions in lung tissue were histologically benign. In 39 such cases reported in the literature, the treatments were surgical extirpation, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Resection was indicated to definitely diagnose the pulmonary lesions as benign giant-cell tumors. Radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy may be beneficial as adjuvant treatment, especially where the lesions are anatomically inaccessible. Some pulmonary lesions spontaneously regress even in the absence of definitive treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma.

The cases of forty-six patients who had dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma were reviewed. Two groups were identified: one in which a low-grade malignant chondrosarcoma was the precursor lesion and one in which a moderate to high-grade malignant chondrosarcoma was the precursor lesion. The radiographic features of these lesions ranged from that of a cartilaginous lesion that appeared to be benign to that of a destructive osteolytic tumor in which the cartilaginous component was overshadowed by the dedifferentiated component. Only three of the forty-six patients survived for more than two years. Resection alone, even when it was wide or radical, was not successful in controlling this lethal sarcoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Brown tumor of the tibia as an early manifestation of renal osteodystrophy. A case report.

A brown tumor of the tibia occurred in a 49-year-old woman on dialysis with chronic renal failure. This lesion was the first clinical or radiographic indication of bone involvement. Although serum levels of calcium and phosphorus are often well regulated by dialysis, clinical or radiologic evidence of a brown tumor may prove to be the first sign of renal osteodystrophy in patients with chronic renal failure.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the kidney.

Among 315 cases of parenchymal renal carcinoma resected between 1975 and 1985, 19 cases (6 per cent) of sarcomatoid carcinoma were identified. All patients were symptomatic or had a palpable mass in the flank at hospitalization. Tumor stage generally was advanced at operation and metastases were detected in 8 patients (Robson stage IV), all of whom died after an average postoperative survival of 8 months. In 3 patients there was tumor invasion of the renal vein (Robson stage IIIA), and they died after an average postoperative period of 11 months. Of 4 patients with perinephric fat invasion (Robson stage II) 2 died of cancer after an average survival of 15 months and 2 are alive with no evidence of disease for an average of 73 months postoperatively. In these later 2 cases the sarcomatoid areas constituted less than 5 per cent of the entire tumor and the remaining tumor was low grade carcinoma. In 3 patients adequate followup is not available and 1 was lost to followup. This histological variant of parenchymal cell carcinoma is a high grade malignancy with a poor prognosis. Operative treatment appears to be ineffective in modifying the behavior of the tumor.

Aged↗