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Biomedical subjects

P Aracil

Publications and source records attributed to P Aracil.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Effects of raw materials, ingredients, and production lines on arsenic and copper concentrations in confectionery products.

The Spaniard legislation sets up maximum levels for total arsenic (As) and copper (Cu) in confectionery products at 0.1 and 5.0 microg g(-)(1), respectively. Concentrations of these two trace elements were determined in four confectionery products: chewing gum, two licorice items, and soft candy. The effects of raw materials quality and production lines were studied. Arsenic and copper were quantified by atomic absorption spectrometry with hydride generation and slotted-tube atom trap tubes, respectively. Their levels were, in general, below the maximum limits establish by the Spaniard legislation; however, the As concentration in the licorice sticks was above this maximum limit (0.11 +/- 0.01 microg g(-)(1)). Statistics proved that quality of raw materials and the production lines both significantly affected As and Cu concentrations in the final products. The licorice extract and molasses were found as the common source for As and Cu pollution. The As concentration in the licorice extract was 0.503 +/- 0.01 microg g(-)(1), and could represent a serious hazard to human health if it is used in high proportions.

Arsenic↗
PubMed2002

Methylarsonic and dimethylarsinic acids toxicity and total arsenic accumulation in edible bush beans, Phaseolus vulgaris.

The main objective was to evaluate whether arsenic accumulated in the edible pods and seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris, cv. F15 above the Spanish maximum recommended concentration for food crops, 1 mg kg(-1) on a fresh weight basis. Only organic arsenicals, methylarsonic and dimethylarsinic acids were used because they were: (1) the only arsenic species allowed for agricultural applications and (2) more mobile than inorganic species. Selection of French beans, a sensitive plant to arsenic, was based on the fact that arsenic-upward translocation is higher in sensitive than in tolerant plants. A 2 x 3 factorial experiment was conducted with two organic arsenic species (methylarsonic acid, dimethylarsinic acid) and three arsenic concentrations (0.2, 0.5, 1.0 mg l(-1)). Experimental results showed that the low bean plant tolerance to arsenic was possibly due to the high arsenic-upward transport to shoots, which could result in profound negative metabolic consequences. Even under extreme adverse conditions, arsenic residues in edible beans were below the maximum statutory limit set by the Spanish legislation. It is concluded that the major drawback of organic arsenical herbicides is that of decreased productivity rather than high arsenic intake by consumers of edible products from sensitive plant species.

Arsenicals↗
PubMed2001

Total arsenic accumulation in edible pods and seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris.

The main objective of this study was to evaluate whether arsenic accumulated in the edible pods and seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris, cv. Helda, above the Spanish maximum recommended concentration for food crops, 1 mg kg(-1) on a fresh weight basis. Only organic arsenicals were used because they are: a) the only arsenic species allowed for agricultural applications and b) more mobile than inorganic species. Selection of French beans, a sensitive plant to arsenic, was based on the fact that arsenic upward translocation is higher in sensitive than in tolerant plants. A 2 x 3 factorial experiment was conducted with two organic arsenic species: methylarsonic acid (MAA) or dimethylarsinic acid (DMAA) and three arsenic concentrations: 0.2, 0.5, or 1.0 mg L(-1). Arsenic phytotoxicity was primarily determined by soluble arsenic concentration. Experimental results showed that the low bean plant tolerance to arsenic is possibly due to the high arsenic upward transport to shoots, which could result in profound negative metabolic consequences. Even under extremely adverse conditions, arsenic residues in edible beans were below the maximum statutory limit set by the Spanish legislation. It can be concluded that the major danger of organic arsenical herbicides is that of decreased productivity rather than high arsenic uptake by consumers.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and retinal tear with intravitreous hemorrhage].

A retrospective study was conducted on a series of 28 eyes with primary retinal tears associated with vitreous hemorrhage. At initial presentation, the retina was detached in 17 eyes and attached in 11. In the series of eyes with an attached retina, the vitreous hemorrhage was massive in 5 eyes (45%), the average number of retinal tears was 1.36. All eyes showed a retinal tear located in the upper quadrants. Three patients (27%) experienced recurrent vitreous hemorrhage after sealing of the retinal tears. In the series of eyes with a detached retina, the vitreous hemorrhage was massive in 5 eyes (29%) and the average number of retinal tears was 1.9. The retinal detachment was located in the upper quadrants in 16 eyes (94%). Clinical evidence of proliferative vitreoretinopathy was noted, at initial presentation, in 6 eyes (35%). Permanent retinal reattachment was achieved in only 12 eyes (70%). All surgical failures were related to proliferative vitreoretinopathy. In the present series the prognosis of primary retinal tears with significant vitreous hemorrhage was guarded because of recurrent vitreous hemorrhages. The prognosis of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachments with significant vitreous hemorrhage at initial presentation was guarded because of the high incidence of proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment after prophylactic argon laser photocoagulation.

In our hospital, 62 retinal detachments (RDs) in 58 patients who had previously been subjected to prophylactic argon laser photocoagulation (ALP), were operated on between July 1980 and October 1985. The incidence of RDs after prophylactic ALP has increased in recent years, being 3.90% (10 out of 256 RDs) in 1982, and 12.09% (26 out of 215 RDs) in 1985. The time interval between ALP and the occurrence of RD was less than 1 year in 54.7% of the patients, and between 1 and more than 10 years in 45.3%. Fifty per cent of the RDs developed after prophylactic ALP of retinal breaks. Fifty per cent of the RDs occurred after prophylactic treatment of degenerative lesions of the peripheral retina; 77% of the RDs in this last group occurred in eyes that had been subjected to 360 degrees photocoagulation. From the data obtained from the present series, the value of the 360 degrees technique for prophylactic ALP would appear to be rather questionable in most cases. In the present series, most RDs occurring after prophylactic ALP did not appear to be less severe than RDs in eyes that had not been subjected to prophylactic treatment.

Adolescent↗