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Biomedical subjects

P Anthony

Publications and source records attributed to P Anthony.

48 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

The use of postoperative irradiation for the prevention of heterotopic bone after total hip replacement with biologic fixation (porous coated) prosthesis: an animal model.

Radiation has been shown to be effective in the prevention of heterotopic bone. The exact etiology of heterotopic bone is unknown. Total Hip prosthetic devices that do not depend upon bone cement for fixation have become increasingly popular. The mechanism by which the bone forms around the prosthesis is similar to the process by which fractures heal which has been shown to be sensitive to irradiation. Using a rabbit model we have undertaken a study to investigate the effect of irradiation on the bony ingrowth on porous coated implants. Forty-five rabbits had porous coated implants surgically placed in the tibiae bilaterally. Each rabbit had one tibae randomly irradiated with 1,000 cGy in 5 fractions starting on the first post-operative day. Animals were sacrificed weekly starting 2 weeks post-operatively and the tibae were sent for pullout studies. The amount of force necessary to pullout the treated tibae was statistically less than the amount of force necessary to remove the untreated tibae at 2 weeks. From 3 weeks on there was no difference in the force necessary to remove the prosthesis from the untreated or treated tibae. Histologically, the untreated tibae showed bone formation while the treated tibae did not. Because of these results, it is suggested that the treatment of patients at risk for development of heterotopic bone be modified to only include the area between the femur and pelvis avoiding treatment of the prosthetic device.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Psychiatric morbidity in clients of social workers: social outcome.

141 clients referred to social service department local social work teams (area workers) and general practice attachments were interviewed to assess their levels of psychiatric morbidity. 101 cases received clinical and social reassessment at twelve months. A substantial proportion (63%) had a positive social outcome according to the client and social worker, a finding confirmed by an independent social assessment. Family break up, more common in the area setting, was associated with a better clinical outcome. Attachment clients had significantly higher levels of psychiatric morbidity, and in clinical terms improved more frequently than area cases, but not significantly so. Clinically improved cases had a higher number of GP-social worker contacts. Both social and clinical variables contributed to the prediction of clinical outcome. By reducing the availability of attached workers, social services departments are removing a valuable source of help for people with psychiatric disorders.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed1989

Day-hospital and community treatment for acute psychiatric illness. A critical appraisal.

Findings on the efficacy of day-hospital and community treatment for acutely ill psychiatric patients have been contradictory. This review confirms the methodological problems previously noted, but highlights the variation in feasibility of day care: staffing levels and the attitudes of staff appear to have been responsible, along with the severity and chronicity of illness. The comparison of day and in-patient care to see which is 'superior' has been unrewarding, and further research is needed. Day-hospital treatment is unlikely to be more widely used for acutely ill patients until: (a) there is clear evidence that certain patients are best treated in this way; (b) the social and clinical characteristics of such patients are defined; (c) adequate staffing is achieved (i.e. day care is not regarded as a cheap option); and (d) day centres are available for chronic patients.

Community Mental Health Services↗
PubMed1989

Treatment of severe psychiatric illness in a day hospital.

Severity of psychiatric illness was assessed using standardised clinical and social measures in 69 in-patients and 41 day patients admitted consecutively from the community. Day and in-patients differed little in terms of psychiatric symptoms and social disability, especially if compulsory admissions were excluded. Protection of self or others was a common reason for in-patient admission given by clinicians, who were otherwise prepared to treat seriously ill patients in the day hospital. Very few of the day patients had to be transferred to the in-patient facility, and at three months and one year the two groups showed similar improvements. It is concluded that day treatment is feasible for some seriously ill psychiatric patients, but a random-allocation study is required to assess more completely the efficacy of day treatment, and define the characteristics of those who require in-patient admission.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Prevention of heterotopic bone formation with early post operative irradiation in high risk patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty: comparison of 10.00 Gy vs 20.00 Gy schedules.

Prior studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of postoperative radiation therapy (RT) to the hip area following total hip replacement (THR) surgery in preventing the development of heterotopic bone formation in patients considered to be at high risk for development of this complication. Previously, patients received 20.00 Gy in 10 fractions (fx) over 2 weeks, beginning as soon postop as medically feasible (usually post-op day 2). In an effort to reduce hospital stay and risk of secondary malignancy, a prospective treatment program was initiated April 1982 using a reduced dose of 10.00 Gy in 5 fx over 5-7 days. As of February 1984, 46 consecutive hips determined to be at high risk were treated with this reduced dose. Prior studies have demonstrated that heterotopic bone is always radiographically evident by 8 weeks. Of the 46 hips, 41 had been evaluated with the minimum required 8 week follow-up X ray. Twenty-five of these hips, 61%, had a mean long term follow-up of 12 months. Our historical control group, consisting of 54 consecutive high risk post-THR's, was shown to have a 68.5% incidence of heterotopic bone. The 20.00 Gy group, when RT was started by post-op day 5, demonstrated a 3.2% incidence, compared to 4.9% in the 10.00 Gy group. Complication rates were also comparable in the two RT groups, 19.4% and 7.3% respectively; 10.00 Gy is apparently as effective as 20.00 Gy in preventing heterotopic bone formation in high risk post-THR patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of Erythrogen on post-thaw recovery of cryopreserved cell suspensions of indica rice (Oryza sativa L.).

This study shows that adding haemoglobin solution (Erythrogen) to post-thaw medium of Indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) cells enhances survival following cryopreservation. Haemoglobin (1:50 - 1:200 v:v) had a beneficial effect on post-thaw viability and subsequent cell growth. A key finding was that the successful recovery from cryopreservation of cell suspensions of the Indica rice cvs. BR26 and Pajam, and their re-establishment in AA2 medium, reflected a requirement for such supplementation of the post-thaw recovery medium with Erythrogen.

Cell Survival↗