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Biomedical subjects

P Angelini

Publications and source records attributed to P Angelini.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Administration of glutathione and lipid peroxidation induced during fasting].

It is well known that lipid peroxidation may be initiated or exaggerated by conditions leading to hepatic GSH depletion or altered GSH/GSSG ratio. In our study we evaluated the effects of GSH administration on hepatic, bile and plasma GSH, GSSG and MDA in rats depleted of the tripeptide by a prolonged. fasting. An exteriorized biliary-duodenal fistula was established and GSH or saline solution was administered i.p. for a period of 6h. Rats treated with GSH exhibited an increased GSH and decreased GSSG biliary excretion. Whereas in control rats an opposite pattern was observed, namely enhanced GSSG and decreased GSH biliary excretion. While hepatic GSH and GSSG concentrations were comparable in the two groups, a significant increase in liver and plasma MDA production was found in controls compared to GSH treated rats. Our data suggest a protective role of GSH against the production of lipoperoxidation as evidenced by the decrease of hepatic, biliary and plasma MDA levels and by a decreased percentage of biliary GSSG. In addition, the significant increase of biliary GSH excretion, observed in rats treated with GSH compared to controls, may be due to an increased supply of the tripeptide which is known to be preferentially excreted into bile in the reduced form.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Early postoperative enteral nutrition and total parenteral nutrition. Technics compared in patients undergoing radical surgery for carcinoma of the large intestine. Preliminary report].

A preliminary study has been carried out on 10 patients suffering from cancer of the colon and rectum, all subjected to radical surgery. The clinical effectiveness of two alternative techniques of postoperative artificial nutrition, EPEN and TPN, are compared. The results confirm that enteral nutrition is technically applicable and well tolerated in the immediate post-operative period in these patients; it also presents a lower cost, it is more manageable and present a lower incidence of complications compared to TPN while offering similar metabolic and nutritional results.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Normal and anomalous coronary arteries: definitions and classification.

Results of a comprehensive survey of the literature concerning coronary artery anatomy, embryology, and pathophysiology show the lack of an adequate definition of normal coronary arteries. To fill this gap, the present review considers the available data concerning the embryogenesis of the coronary arteries and proposes a new definition of normality that refers to essential anatomic features. The concepts of normal variant versus anomaly are introduced, based on a statistical definition of the normal range (99% of the presentations observed in a normal, unselected population). Coronary anomalies are defined as those patterns found in less than 1% of the cases. The wide spectrum of coronary abnormalities is then organized according to a comprehensive classification scheme. For clinical purposes the conceptual difference between anatomic and pathophysiologic anomalies is stressed. The current paucity of experimental studies concerning normal and abnormal embryogenesis of the coronary arteries is found to be the major limitation to an understanding of this subject.

Coronary Vessel Anomalies↗
PubMed1989

The probe, a balloon-on-the-wire: clinical experience with a new low-profile, fixed-wire balloon catheter system.

We reviewed the clinical records of the 1st 144 consecutive patients in whom the Probe trade mark, a balloon-on-the-wire, was used for percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty at the Texas Heart Institute. The goal of our retrospective study was to establish the efficacy and safety of this new balloon catheter. The Probe was used in 227 lesions, most of which were considered severe and difficult to pass. The Probe was the 1st catheter used in 160 lesions (70%), and in 67 lesions (30%) the Probe was used after other balloon catheters. In 70.9% (161/227) of lesions treated, the Probe reduced the stenosis to less than 50% of the luminal diameter. Of 144 patients treated, 116 (81%) had a successful result: 98 of these had adequate recanalization of all vessels treated, while 17 had adequate recanalization of the most significant vessels. A relatively high number of lesions (17 lesions, 7.5%) became totally occluded during the procedure. Eight patients (6%) required emergency surgery because of impending infarction. No hospital deaths occurred, and there were only 2 patients who suffered transmural myocardial infarction. Of the 160 Probe devices used, 23 (14%) malfunctioned: the balloon ruptured in 11 procedures; the balloon twisted, causing "balloon volvulus," in 5; the balloon failed to deflate in 4; and the tip detached in 3. The Probe has significant advantages over other balloon systems for treating severe coronary lesions because of its low profile, but it is also less reliable and safe. Our results show that the Probe should be used with great care, and only in treating lesions not amenable to treatment with removable-guidewire catheters.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1989

[Cavernous hemangioma of the small intestine].

The Authors report an uncommon cavernous hemangioma of the small bowel. Pathological and clinical features are compared with those of the literature. Considering the difficulty of diagnosis, they remark the importance of histological exam as the only reliable diagnostic tool and surgery as the only therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Use of mechanical devices for distal hemoperfusion during balloon catheter coronary angioplasty.

Previous attempts to protect the dependent myocardium during balloon catheter coronary angioplasty in animals and humans have had generally unsatisfactory results. This paper summarizes the authors' experience in investigating commercially available mechanical pumps for distal coronary hemoperfusion during balloon angioplasty. Both roller and piston pumps can attain adequate distal perfusion without significant side effects in the majority of patients. Our goal was to suppress angina for at least 5 min to prolong balloon inflation in awake patients. Minor T-wave changes without concomitant angina pectoris can be expected when the distal coronary bed is perfused with hypothermic blood. Side branch occlusion by the inflated balloon prevents effective protection of the corresponding part of the dependent myocardium during distal hemoperfusion, which may result in persistent angina and ST-T changes uncorrected by increasing the hemoperfusion rate. Distal coronary diffuse spasm, rare and transient, was the only immediate complication of this procedure. It is suggested that intense local wall stimulation could occur with a higher flow rate (jet effect). Improved balloon catheter pressure/flow characteristics and on-line continuous mechanical pumps should soon make distal coronary hemoperfusion through balloon catheters an accepted clinical technique.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Ventriculoarterial discordance revisited: angiographic presentation and discussion of a typical case.

This article reexamines the subject of ventriculoarterial discordance in the light of a case report and the recent literature. The angiographic method of studying complex cardiac defects is illustrated by example, in order to stress the need for a systematic, step-by-step, segmental approach to diagnosis. We favor use of the term "ventriculoarterial" discordance to refer to a defect that involves incongruence of ventricular and arterial morphologies, as predicated on the loop rule. This rule calls for anticipation of certain spatial relationships between aortic and pulmonary trunks, given certain ventricular morphologies: with a right-sided, anatomically right ventricle, for example, the ascending aorta is expected to be on the right side, whether with normally crossed or transposed great vessels (D-loop derivatives). As in the case presented here, ventriculoarterial discordance features the ascending aorta on the opposite side of the anatomically right ventricle. The influence of the formation of an abnormal cardiac apex (as in crisscrossed or superoinferior hearts) on the cardiac segments' configurations is discussed, since this too can affect the spatial relationships between the great vessels.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1987

Severe diffuse obstructive coronary artery disease in an infant.

Severe diffuse obstruction of the coronary arteries was diagnosed in an 18-month-old girl who presented with signs and symptoms of severe congestive cardiomyopathy. Most reported cases of myocardial infarction in neonates or infants have been secondary to obstruction of a single major coronary artery owing to thrombosis or embolism; diffuse multiple obstruction involving the entire coronary artery system, as in our case, has not previously been described. Although the exact cause of the obstruction remained unknown, the most likely mechanism was in situ thrombosis.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1987

Childhood enteritis: a community study.

The population aged 0-12 years living in the area of an Italian Local Health Unit (about 8,800 children) was studied for one year in order to estimate the overall incidence rate of enteritis and the incidence rates of diarrheas from bacterial agents. All children complaining of acute diarrhea and seen by the pediatric practices of the study area were recorded by date, age, and sex; the microbiological study of stools was performed for a sample of patients. All hospitalized cases of childhood enteritis occurring in the same period in the study population were studied too. Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella were cultured from 5 out of 71 examined out-patients (7.0%), with a projected annual consultation rate of 2.1 per 1000 population aged 0-12 years. Yersinia enterocolitica was cultured from 2 out-patients (2.8%), while no cases from Shigella and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli were observed in this group. Data concerning hospitalized cases confirmed this pattern of results. Bacterial enteritis is an important public health problem in the study area and its occurrence is possibly related to animal reservoirs of infection, with particular regard to poultry and pets.

Campylobacter Infections↗
PubMed1986

Distal hemoperfusion during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.

During percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), the ability to maintain balloon inflations for 3 to 5 minutes, as opposed to the usual 30 to 60 seconds, may lead to improved early and late results. To determine the feasibility and clarify the advantages of distal hemoperfusion during PTCA, blood from the renal vein was manually sampled and then reinjected through the pressure port of the coronary balloon catheter during sustained balloon inflations in 3 patients. By supplying the periphery of the left anterior descending coronary artery with flows of 30 to 50 ml/min, ischemic manifestations were suppressed in all 3 cases. Hemoperfusion was performed without complications for as long as 5 minutes, using a maximum of 225 ml of blood. This new technique represents a major step toward the long-sought goal of extracorporeal coronary circulation during PTCA.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗
PubMed1986

Atypical phasic coronary artery narrowing.

Four unusual cases of phasic (occurring only in systole or only in diastole) coronary artery narrowing are reported. In two cases, diastolic compression of the left anterior descending coronary artery was due to tight pericardial adhesions in patients with aortic insufficiency; in the third case, systolic compression of two right ventricular coronary branches was associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and a normotensive right ventricle; and in the fourth case, a large aneurysm of the inferior wall of the left ventricle caused systolic compression of the posterior descending coronary artery, which was epicardial. The diagnostic and pathophysiologic characteristics of each case are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Flow characteristics of coronary balloon catheters.

The popularity recently achieved by balloon angioplasty of coronary arteries is limited by the risk of reocclusion of the stenotic segment addressed. Sudden reocclusion leads frequently to an acute coronary syndrome (acute myocardial infarction, hypotension, arrhythmias) that requires emergency surgery and also leads to permanent myocardial damage of various degrees. Preliminary data has recently become available to suggest that prolonged balloon inflations could be an important tool in attaining optimal early and late results of angioplasty. These considerations have resulted in renewed interest in peripheral coronary perfusion during balloon coronary angioplasty. The most critical limiting factor to the distal perfusion of blood is the inner lumen of the balloon catheters, which are relatively small. We present laboratory data regarding the pressure/flow ratios of different balloon catheters.

Journal Article↗