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Biomedical subjects

P Altucci

Publications and source records attributed to P Altucci.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Clinical evaluation of netilmicin in the field of internal medicine.

An open clinical trial was carried out to evaluate therapeutic efficacy and safety of netilmicin. Forty hospitalized adult patients suffering from complicated urinary tract infections (UTI) (19), lower respiratory tract infections (20), septicemia (3) and soft tissue infection (1) due to in vitro susceptible microorganisms were admitted to the study. Twenty-nine of these patients had severe underlying diseases interfering with host defenses. Twenty-nine out of the 40 patients (73%) were cured and 6 (15%) had a favorable clinical response giving an overall satisfactory clinical response of 88%. Eradication of causative microorganisms was obtained in 29 (73%) patients, and three substitutions during or at the end of treatment were observed. Netilmicin was well tolerated: neither clinical abnormalities of otovestibular function nor hepatic or hematological alterations were found, while only two patients developed a mild and transient increase of BUN and creatinine serum levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Preclinical comparative evaluation of aminoglycosides.

Five aminoglycoside antibiotics including gentamicin, sisomicin, tobramycin, amikacin and netilmicin were comparatively tested in vitro against 283 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas, Enterobacteriaceae and Gram-positive cocci, using the agar dilution technique according to I.C.S. recommendations. In respect to potency by weight, netilmicin proved the most active aminoglycoside against E. coli, K. pneumoniae, Enterobacter, Serratia spp. and Staphylococcus aureus, followed by sisomicin or tobramycin in relation to various bacterial species. Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, sisomicin and tobramycin had the lowest MICs (minimum inhibitory concentrations). Amikacin had overall less activity but the widest spectrum. Rate of killing curves showed few differences among the aminoglycosides tested. Against gentamicin-resistant strains (MIC greater than or equal to 16 micrograms/ml) the activity of netilmicin was comparable to or higher than that of amikacin, except for P. aeruginosa, P. cepacia and indole-positive Proteus, which were inhibited by amikacin only. Netilmicin also showed the highest "therapeutical index" calculated as the ratio between MIC and blood levels for each aminoglycoside against each most important bacterial specie.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1978

[Bacteriological and clinical evaluation of a dicloxacillin-ampicillin combination (author's transl)].

This paper presents the results of the bacteriological and clinical assessment of the dicloxacillin-ampicillin combination Totocillin. The bacteriological examinations show that a synergistic and hyperadditive effect particularly on Staphylococcus, but also on E. coli, Klebsiella-Enterobacter and in a few cases on Proteus spp. is achieved with the combination. Clinical experience in urinary tract infections evidences the good efficacy of the combined preparation, which on statistical evaluation proved to be significantly more active than ampicillin alone. Satisfactory therapeutic results with the combination were yielded also in infections not involving the urinary tract.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1977

[Classification of acute bacterial enteropathies].

The first part considers pathogenic microorganisms (Vibrio cholerae and parahaemolytic vibrio, Clostridium welchii, enteropathogenic E. coli, Shigella, Salmonella, other enterobacteria and pseudomonas. Yersinia, simply enterotoxic Staphylococcus and that producing acute enteritis) and the process of infection (formation of a surface link without endocellular penetration with elaboration of hexotoxins, formation of a surface link with subsequent intracellular penetration, submucosa penetration). The second part discusses Salmonellae on the basis of personal experience. Particular attention is paid to current aspects of Salmonella microbiological pathomorphosis, the various isolated serotypes in relation to carriers or patients, biochemical atypias of Salmonellae strains, present-day aspects of resistance to chemoantibiotic treatment and the transfer of Salmonella Wien resistances.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1977

Known and newer manifestations by mycoplasma pneumoniae in adults.

Although M. pneumoniae is a well recognised respiratory pathogen both in children and in young adults, its infections have shown recently some pathomorphism and may also involve other organ systems. The paper reviews the various clinical syndromes in adults by M. pneumoniae, with particular emphasis on those more unusual and nevertheless seen by us. In this connection the possibility of pleural effusions (with a well defined cytology) associated or not with typical Mycoplasma pneumoniae and of chronic bronchopneumonias eventually evolving even in pulmonary fibrosis is stressed. Moreover, the development of M. pneumoniae respiratory infections during the course or hematological malignancies and their characteristics are described in some detail because of the relative rarity of this kind of infections in the above patients. Finally, some less frequently reported manifestations of M. pneumoniae infections, as hemolytic anemia, hepatitis and others are described and discussed.

Gastrointestinal Diseases↗
PubMed1976

[Comparative evaluation of the therapeutic action and tolerance of diftalone and indomethacin in the long-term treatment of rheumatoid arthritis].

The therapeutic effectiveness and tolerability of diphthalone and indomethacine administered for long periods were compared in 10 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis in the active phase. Each patient was treated with one of the two drugs on a double blind basis. Diphthalone proved to be more active than indomethacine on morning stiffness and on hand grip strength. Diphthalone also produced fewer side effects. The differences indicated proved to be significant statistically.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Clinical evaluation of tobramycin in urinary tract infections.

Twenty-one patients with urinary tract infections due to Pseudomonas and coli-form bacilli were treated with 80-120 mg of tobramycin per day in two daily doses. Of these patients, 14 (67%) were cured, one improved, three (14%) showed no improvement, and three (14%) showed a substitution of the original pathogen by another organism. Urine cultures demonstrated rapid sterilization in the cases in which patients responsed well, and long-term sterility persisted in at least 50% of the subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Clinical evaluation of tobramycin in respiratory and systemic infections in immunodepressed and normal patients.

Twelve patients with acute or chronic pneumonia due mainly to gram-negative bacilli, two patients with pseudomonas endocarditis, and two patients with seratia sepsis were treated with 80-160 mg of tobramycin in two daily doses. Fourteen infected patients with underlying leukemia or lymphoma received this dose of tobramycin combined with cefazolin or penicillin. Most respiratory infections were cured or markedly improved. with eradication or significant reduction in the number of infecting organisms. One case of pseudomonas endocarditis and both cases of serratia sepsis were also cured. Combined treatment with tobramycin and beta-lactam antibiotics resulted in clinical and bacteriological improvement in 50% of systemic immunodepressed patients with sepsis and/or pneumonia.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1976

Actinomyces peritonitis associated with dialysis.

A case of actinomyces peritonitis occurring in a young girl undergoing regular dialytic treatment is reported. The peritoneal localization was the only one detectable and occurred in a patient who at the beginning of the dialytic treatment had received peritoneal dialysis on two occasions. During 4 months of treatment the patient underwent surgical drainage of the peritoneal fluid and medical treatment with various antibiotics. Super-infection with Escherichia coli and Candida, and an acute episode of bronchopneumonia, complicated the course of the treatment which was finally successful

Actinomyces↗