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Biomedical subjects

P Aggarwal

Publications and source records attributed to P Aggarwal.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Awareness of brain death and organ transplantation among high school children.

The objective of this study was to assess the awareness of the concepts of brain death and organ transplantation among high school children. One hundred and eighty eight students of class 12th of a reputed public school were studied. Structured questionnaires were used to assess their knowledge in various aspects of brain death and organ transplantation. Following the questionnaire, they were provided with educational information on brain death and organ transplantation. This was followed by similar questionnaires to assess any change in awareness of brain death and organ transplantation. Results spoke of widespread awareness and acceptance of organ transplantation in the high school children. However, the awareness of various aspects of brain death was quite low. There was significant increase in awareness and acceptance of brain death after educating the students. Education about various aspects of brain death, its immense importance for organ donation and legality of brain death needs to be highlighted.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epidemiology of chronic suppurative otitis media and deafness in a rural area and developing an intervention strategy.

Of 613 children evaluated in a village in Haryana 94 (15.3%) were observed to have chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). Fifty eight (61.7%) children had hearing impairment. CSOM contributed to 71.6% of the hearing impaired (58/81). On analysis of association of CSOM with literacy and socio-economic status of mothers, and age, sex, and upper respiratory tract infections (URI) in children positive correlation was observed only with URIs (P < 0.001). Literacy and socio-economic status of the mothers did not correlate significantly with knowledge about treatment seeking, and ear cleaning practices, probably due to the narrow range of incomes and literacy levels. An intervention program consisting of play, demonstrations, health charts and slogans, and aural cleaning and antibiotic drops was introduced.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Enalapril-induced cough in the emergency department.

A case of enalapril-induced cough is reported. In the Emergency Department, the patient initially was misdiagnosed with bronchial asthma and, later, with early congestive heart failure, despite normal physical examination and investigations. The cough subsided within 5 days of cessation of enalapril. It is important to recognize this side effect in patients taking enalapril.

Asthma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Atherosclerosis in Asian Indians with systemic lupus erythematosus.

OBJECTIVES: Atherosclerosis has emerged as an important late complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Asian Indians, as an ethnic group, are known to be metabolically predisposed to development of early atherosclerosis. No data on this aspect of SLE are available from Asia. This study was undertaken to find the frequency of atherosclerosis in Indian lupus patients and the factors affecting such an occurrence. METHODS: Carotid artery intimo-medial thickness (IMT) and plaque were used as markers of atherosclerosis. High-resolution B-mode ultrasonography was used to compare carotid IMT and plaque in 50 patients with SLE and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. RESULTS: Patients with lupus (age 31.6+/-10.05, median 30.5 years; disease duration 52.3+/-36.7, median 46 months) exhibited a significantly greater IMT than controls (0.417+/-0.07 vs. 0.362+/-00.07 mm; p = 0.003). Carotid plaques were seen in seven (14%) cases. None of the control population had plaques (p = 0.006). On bivariate analysis, the IMT was significantly affected by age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), disease duration and menopausal status. On multivariate analysis, the only factor significantly affecting IMT was SBP. The Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology (SLICC/ACR) score was the sole factor found to significantly affect the occurrence of plaque. CONCLUSIONS: Asian Indian lupus patients in our study, despite being relatively young and with shorter disease duration, exhibited premature atherosclerosis in the form of significantly thicker intimo-media and plaque. The factors found to affect accelerated atherosclerosis in our cohort were age, SBP, disease duration, postmenopausal status and the SLICC/ACR score.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrasonographic assessment of gall bladder kinetics in the elderly.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of gallstones increases with age but the factors that influence gallstone formation in the elderly are poorly understood. Proposed factors include changes in bile composition and hypomotility of the gall bladder. Studies on gall bladder motility in the elderly have provided conflicting results, and none has been reported from India. AIM: To determine gall bladder contractility in healthy elderly subjects and compare it with that in young healthy volunteers. METHODS: Thirty healthy elderly (above the age of 60 years) and 30 young volunteers with no abdominal complaints were studied. Using real-time ultrasonography and the ellipsoid method, gall bladder volume was measured after overnight fast and at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 minutes after a standard fatty meal. Residual volume, delta volume and ejection fraction were calculated. RESULTS: Mean fasting gall bladder volume in elderly subjects was higher than that in young subjects (13.5 [5.8] mL vs 10.9 [3.6] mL; p < 0.05). However, there was no difference in the 60-min postprandial residual gall bladder volumes in the two groups. Change in gall bladder volume and ejection fraction were also similar in the two groups. CONCLUSION: There was no difference in gall bladder emptying between elderly and young subjects though the fasting gall bladder volume was higher in the elderly.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Visual evoked potential & brainstem auditory evoked potentials in acute attack & after the attack of migraine.

PURPOSE: To study the effect on visual evoked potential (VEP) and brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) at time of acute attack and after 7 days of the attack of migraine. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied BAEP and pattern reversal VEP in 25 patients during acute attack and after 7 days of the attack. The diagnosis of migraine was established according to criteria given by international headache society (IHS). Peak and interpeak latencies (IPL's) of BAEP and P100 latency of VEP were the main criteria to judge abnormalities. RESULTS: There were prolonged peak and interpeak latencies in BAEP and prolonged peak latency (P100) in VEP at the time of acute attack of migraine. The data of these abnormal recording were highly significant. After 7 days when the attack was over, we recorded the BAEP and VEP again. The observation obtained at this time was comparable to normal values. CONCLUSIONS: From the observation of this study we can safely conclude that in acute attacks of migraine there may be some pathological changes in different areas of brain and brainstem, producing changes in evoked potential which are statistically highly significant. However, these changes are reversible, as the values of BAEP & VEP on 7th day after the attack were comparable to those observed in normal healthy control.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pulmonary blastoma.

Pulmonary blastoma is a rare tumour of the lung. We report three cases of this tumour. In all three cases, a possibility of blastoma was considered on aspiration cytology of the tumours. The relevant literature including its pathogenesis is reviewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Wegener's granulomatosis with complete heart block.

We describe a patient with Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) who developed complete heart block. Prompt treatment with steroids and cyclophosphamide led to regression of the complete heart block. The patient was left with a persistent first degree atrio-ventricular block, however. Early treatment may obviate the need for permanent pacing in such cases.

Adult↗