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Biomedical subjects

P Agache

Publications and source records attributed to P Agache.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Haemorrhagic oedema acute in neonatal skin. Immunological and ultrastructural examination (author's transl)].

There are three reports on acute haemorrhagic oedema of the skin of infants, an illness which English-speaking authors do not individualize but only regard as a clinical variety of Henoch-Schönlein purpura. Yet the features of the disease, as described in children under two years of age, are very characteristic. --Clinical feature is the sudden appearance of oedemas on face and limbs and of cocarde-like purpura with an occasional temperature. --Histological feature is the presence of leukocytoclastic vasculitis. --Immunologically the disease is characterized by the deposit of immune complexes. --Ultrastructural examination confirms the presence of leukocytoclastic vasculitis accompanied by deposit of immune complexes and of platelets. These three reports enable the authors to study the nosological aspects of the illness among the varieties of allergic vasculitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

A quantitative method for the assessment of the microtopography of human skin.

The skin relief influences the exterior aspect of the skin which is very sensitive to aging. It could also be related to the mechanical properties and structure of both dermis and stratum corneum. Consequently, quantitative measurement of the skin surface roughness would seem most useful, as it would permit a quantification of skin aging, an in vivo analysis of mechanical forces acting on the skin structure, and the detection of abnormalities otherwise not visible. The method described comprises three steps: (1) making a silicone rubber negative replica, (2) making an Araldite positive cast, (3) roughness measurement of the cast with a device commonly used in engineering, which provides quantitative parameters: Ra, Rp, Rt, Rmax and others. The reliability of each of these steps was checked, and also the absolute need to locate precisely the site of sampling and to know the angle of the scanning direction with the main axis of the limb or the body. The method seems useful for studying aging, either normal or affected by UV rays and other physiopathological events influencing the skin surface.

Aging↗
PubMed1978

Comparative electron microscopic study of clear cells in epidermodysplasia verruciformis and flat warts.

Are Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (E.V.) and disseminated flat warts different diseases? Are there any diagnostic criteria between them? In order to attempt answering these 2 questions, fundamental for prognosis and nosology, a comparative ultrastructural study was made of epidermal clear cells of 2 cases of E.V. and 4 flat warts from 4 patients of whom 3 were under immunosuppression drugs. The reason of cytoplasmic electron translucency was mainly a reduction in tonofilaments and keratohyalin amounts in E.V. and a centrifugal edema and vacuolization in flat warts. On the other hand, the number of ribosomes was raised in E.V. and reduced in flat warts. These findings allow differentiation between the 2 diseases and suggest a possible different host-virus relationship.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Reduction of sebaceous secretion in hyperseborrheic skin by a synthetic steroid: promestriene.

Using the 'ground glass method', the forehead seborrheic index of 72 patients was determined before and during local treatment with promestriene 1% in a o/w base. In hyperseborrheic patients a significant decrease of the seborrheic index was obtained from the 3rd week of treatment and maintained for all its duration, while in normoseborrheics no change was observed under the same conditions. It may be concluded that promestriene reduces the sebum secretion but only in hyperseborrheic patients.

Dermatitis, Seborrheic↗
PubMed1978

[Herpes gestationis. Ultrastructural and immunologic data, about two cases (author's transl)].

Herpes gestationis, a rare vesiculobullous dermatitis of pregnancy and the postpartal period, can be more easily identified today thanks to recent immunologic and ultrastructural researches. Comparing two new case reports with the data provided by the literature, underlines the individuality of the disease, in spite of the analogies it shows with bullous pemphigoid. Clinically, the illness only appears during pregnancy or the postpartal period and generally responds well to vitamin B6. Histologically the bullae at the dermal-epidermal junction are accompanied by extra- and intra-cellular epidermal edema and vacuolation of the basal cells. Ultrastructural examination shows that the initial alteration affects the plasmatic membrane of the basal cells. The immunologic mechanism of the disease is specific as the usual indirect in vitro immunofluorescent methods cannot reveal factor B.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1978

[Cutaneous manifestations of malabsorption diseases (author's transl)].

Malabsorption (M) is characterized by absorption defect of one or several nutriments in small bowel. Its clinical expression is rarely obvious and biological signs are: anaemia, low serum protein, albumin and lipid rates, low serum calcium, phosphorus and potassium level, and hypoprothrombinaemia. But only 4 simple and reliable tests are needed for diagnosis: i. e.: daily faecal fat amount measurement, daily faecal nitrogen excretion, the xylose test and the Schilling's test. This syndrome is related to many conditions which can be divided into 2 groups with and without intestinal abnormalities. The relationships between M and skin diseases belong to 4 types (J. Marks and S. Shuster): 1) M is responsible for the cutaneous signs, 2) M is caused by a skin disease, 3) both M and skin disease are the result of a same cause, 4) M and skin disease are associated in an indirect way. Only the two first types are dealt with in this report. Skin manifestations occur as a complication in 10 p. 100 to 20 p. 100 of cases of M. They are mostly polymorphous or non-specific, as they are related to multiple vitamin or essential amino acid deficiencies and heal with the treatment of M. The main conditions encountered are diffuse pigmentation, acquired ichthyosis, follicular keratosis, nail brittleness and hair loss. Mucous membrane lesions, purpura and eczematoid or psoriasis-like dermatitis have also been described. More uncommon are clubbing of fingers, finger print abnormalities, kwashiorkor or acrodermatitis enteropathica-like eruptions. The dermatogenic enteropathy, i. e. a M syndrome due to a skin disease, occurs as a result of widespread involvement of the body for instance in psoriasis or eczema; its clinical expression is rarely obvious, the histological record of gut biopsy usually normal and the results of biological tests often dissociated, but steatorrhoea is frequently found. The pathogenesis of the condition is still unknown but its importance is related to the extent of the skin disease and it only improves with the treatment of the latter. All these features and others are discussed in the report with a comprehensive review of the literature.

Alopecia↗
PubMed1978

[Chédiak-Higashi disease (report on a new case) (author's transl)].

A typical case of Chédiak-Higashi disease is reported in a French four years old boy (no parents consanguinity). The clinical aspect of oculo-cutaneous and pilar hypopigmentation, associated with recurrent infections led to the diagnosis of C. H. disease which was confirmed by the presence of giant leukocytes granulations in the blood and giant melanosomes in epidermal melanocytes; these giant pigmented granules, are made of a limiting unique membrane with granular matrix and periodic filamentous structures, which correspond to stade I, II and III melanosomes. In keratinocytes, melanosomes are rare, never isolated and scattered in cytoplasm, but grouped in giant melanosomes complexes. No specific immunity deficiency is found in this patient but the chemotaxis of neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes was decreased but restored by levamisole treatment. Concanavaline A Cap formation by polymorphonuclear leukocytes was abnormally increased, but returned at a normal level after cyclic GMP incubation and levamisole treatment. Unfortuntely, the patient died soon after accelerated phase had begun, in an anatomo-clinical picture of pseudo-lymphoma. A pathogenic discussion of CH disease is presented with the help of a study of 102 cases of literature.

Chediak-Higashi Syndrome↗
PubMed1978

Comparative electron microscopic study of clear cells in epidermodysplasia verruciformis and flat warts.

Are Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (E.V.) and disseminated flat warts different diseases? Are there any diagnostic criteria between them? In order to attempt answering these 2 questions, fundamental for prognosis and nosology, a comparative ultrastructural study was made of epidermal clear cells of 2 cases of E.V. and 4 flat warts from 4 patients of whom 3 were under immunosuppression drugs. The reason of cytoplasmic electron translucency was mainly a reduction in tonofilaments and keratohyalin amounts in E.V. and a centrifugal edema and vacuolization in flat warts. On the other hand, the number of ribosomes was raised in E.V. and reduced in flat warts. These findings allow differentiation between the 2 diseases and suggest a possible different host-virus relationship.

Adult↗