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Biomedical subjects

P Aeberhard

Publications and source records attributed to P Aeberhard.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Spontaneous perforation of the colon in patients in hemodialysis].

Two cases of spontaneous perforation of the colon in hemodialysed patients have thus far been published. Our observation of 5 new cases seems to indicate that this complication is more frequent in hemodialysed patients than in patients without renal failure (27 cases in the literature). An abnormal tissue fragility and very hard fecal masses appear to be responsible for this dangerous complication. The association of aluminium hydroxyde and substances with antiperistaltic effect should be avoided, and constipation must be alleviated.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Is the "exponential fitting" in the stomach emptying curve justified?].

Gastric emptying of a solid meal labelled with 1 mCi99mTc-sulphur colloid has been studied with a gamma camera and computer in 5 healthy volunteers. The emptying process was analyzed for the three periods 0--30 min, 45--75 min, and 90-120 min after ingesting the meal. The half emptying time (T1/2) was calculated by exponential fitting for the three periods separately and an anlysis of variance of the regression slopes was performed. The nil hypothesis of no difference between the T1/2 calculated from the three periods was rejected at a level of significance of 0.01 in 13 out of 14 experiments. The authors discuss the practical implications of these findings for the use of T1/2 in the study of gastric emptying with labelled test meals.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1976

[Effects of proximal gastric vagotomy (PVG) and total vagotomy (TV) on the coordination of the interdigestive myoelectric acitivity of the canine stomach and duodenum].

Interdigestive myoelectrical activity of the canine stomach and duodenum is organized in complexes of high-amplitude action potentials originating simultaneously in the stomach and duodenum every 80-180 minutes. This type of activity has been described as the "interdigestive myoelectrical complex" (IDMEC) by Szurszewski. The present work was undertaken to elucidate the role of the vagus nerve in control of the IDMEC. Dogs were prepared with chronically implanted Ag-AgCl-electrodes on the stomach and duodenum. Fasting myoelectrical activity was recorded in the normal animal, after proximal gastric vagotomy (PGV), and after truncal vagotomy (TV). PGV did not affect the IDMEC, but TV abolished the pattern for the period of observation (3 months). The authors discuss the possible role of interference by TV with gastrodeuodenal interdigestive motor activity in the pathogenesis of reflux gastritis after vagotomy and drainage.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1975

[Current elective surgery of chronic duodenal ulcers].

At present a number of different procedures are used for elective surgery of chronic duodenal ulcer. The merits and demerits of established methods such as subtotal gastrectomy, truncal vagotomy with drainage and truncal vagotomy with antrectomy are discussed from the viewpoint of operative mortality, recurrence rate and postoperative sequelae. Vagotomy techniques have been refined by the addition of selective vagotomy and proximal gastric vagotomy with and without a drainage procedure. Proximal gastric vagotomy appears to involve fewer side effects than any of the other methods. However, information about longterm recurrence rate after proximal gastric vagotomy is still scant. Methods for checking the completeness of vagotomy are still unsatisfactory. It is still not known whether the operation can or must be "tailored" to the needs of the individual patient according to the results of secretion studies. It is felt that the established procedures still have a place in the surgical treatment of chronic duodenal ulcer. Truncal vagotomy and drainage is a good operation, especially for emergency surgery and in poor risk patients. The longterm results of subtotal gastrectomy are less satisfactory than has been assumed, and it is therefore suggested that this operation should be performed less frequently in the treatment of chronic duodenal ulcer.

Drainage↗
PubMed1975

[Clinical problems of amebiasis].

Dagnostic and therapeutic problems of amebiaiss, a disease rarely observed in this country, are discussed in the light of four own cases representing the various courses of the disease. These observations prompt the following conclusions: 1. Amebiasis should be considered in cases of unclear acute or chronic intestinal disease, even if the patient has never visited endemic regions. 2. Non-tropical forms of amebiasis may follow a severe course with complications such as liver abscess or ameboma. 3. The advice of a specialized laboratory is necessary for stool examinations on amebae. 4. Stool examinations for amebiasis should be combined with serological tests. The immunofluorescense test is of special value. False negative results are however possible, especially in cases without tissue inflitration where the infection is limited to the intestinal lumen. 5. Metronidazol (Flagyl) greatly simplifies the treatment of amebiasis as it is both efffective and better tolerated than most other antiamebic agents.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Pre and postoperative secretion studies in selective proximal vagotomy. Report on 50 patients].

In 50 patients with peptic ulcer (48 duodenal ulcers and 2 pyloric channel ulcers) proximal gastric vagotomy was performed. The diagnosis was confirmed by radiology and endoscopy in all cases. Pentagastrin-stimulated maximal acid output (MAO) was measured preoperatively. At 6-12 months after the operation a pentagastrin test (6 mug/kg) and an insulin test (12 units regular insulin intravenously) were carried out. The results of the insulin tests were assessed by 5 criteria. In patients with 3 or more positive criteria the vagotomy was considered incomplete. 30 patients had "complete" and 20 "incomplete" vagotomy. MAO was reduced by 56%. The mean reduction of MAO was 63% in cases of "complete" vagotomy and 46.5% in "incomplete" vagotomy. The purpose and indication of postoperative studies of gastric secretion are discussed.

Duodenal Ulcer↗