Biomedical subjects

Ousmane Faye

Publications and source records attributed to Ousmane Faye.

2 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2026

Early epidemiologic and genomic insights from Sierra Leone's first mpox cases, 2025.

INTRODUCTION: early characterization of outbreak cases supports rapid decisions. We conducted real-time analysis during the initial outbreak phase in mid-March 2025 of Sierra Leone's first 44 laboratory-confirmed Mpox cases (10th January to 5th March 2025) to generate epidemiologic and genomic intelligence for response. METHODS: we summarized surveillance data and sequenced 18 early cases with Oxford Nanopore. Firth-penalized logistic regression was employed to explore risk factors for severe disease. RESULTS: median age was 27 years (interquartile range 22 to 35); 68.2% were male. Most cases reported no recent international travel (95.5%). All cases presented with rash; fever occurred in 72.7%. Six cases (13.6%) met severe criteria; no deaths occurred (0 of 44; 95% confidence interval 0 to 8.0). Household secondary attack rate was 7.3% during the study window and 8.2% after completion of follow-up. Sequencing identified two co-circulating sub-lineages consistent with A.2.2 and B.1.6 and a strong APOBEC3 pattern (142 of 212 guanine-to-adenine in thymine-cytosine versus 70 of 212 cytosine-to-thymine in guanine-adenine; exact binomial p approximately 8.6x10-7; X2= 24.5, df = 1, p≈ 7.6x10-7). Root-to-tip analysis showed weak temporal signal (R2=0.31; date randomization p= 0.18), so we did not interpret clock estimates. CONCLUSION: real-time analysis during the initial outbreak phase showed community transmission, quantified household spread, documented two sub-lineages with an APOBEC3 signature, and generated severity hypotheses that immediately informed surveillance and vaccine prioritization. Findings require validation in larger cohorts.

Adult↗

PubMed2025

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Outbreak in Podor, Northern Senegal in 2022: Two Independent Emergences and Unprecedented Mortality.

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a lethal zoonotic disease transmitted through tick bites and contact with infected animals or humans. As CCHF continues to expand worldwide, we report on the first severe outbreak in Senegal (Podor, Saint-Louis region) in 2022. We conducted a comprehensive outbreak investigation after a confirmed CCHF human case in Podor. This included sample collections from humans, animals, and ticks from the household and surrounding area. Human and animal samples were tested by ELISA for antibodies to CCHF virus and by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for CCHF virus RNA, whereas tick samples underwent CCHF RT-PCR only. Positive RT-PCR samples underwent viral genome sequencing for genetic characterization. We determined three CCHF human cases, with two deaths, as well as virus circulation in 11 ticks and in livestock, with an overall seroprevalence of 42.5%. CCHF IgG antibodies were detected in human contact cases, showing its prior prevalence in the area. Phylogenetic analyses revealed high genetic diversity within CCHF genotypes, with existence of reassortants and cocirculation of two different isolates from various origins in Mboyo and Nenette villages, where human cases were detected. The data showed a correlation between the strains identified in humans and ticks in each village, showing two independent emergences in Podor. The outbreak in Podor was probably because of the high abundance of animal hosts in this sylvopastoral area, the diversity of tick populations with the presence of the main CCHF vectors, and the increasing prevalence of CCHF virus. The surveillance in this area needs to be strengthened.

Humans↗