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Oskar Adolfsson

Publications and source records attributed to Oskar Adolfsson.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Anti-inflammatory effects of bifidobacteria by inhibition of LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation.

AIM: Different strains of bifidobacteria were analysed for their effects on HT-29 intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) in in vitro models both of the non-inflamed and inflamed intestinal epithelium. METHODS: A reporter gene system in HT-29 cells was used to measure levels of NF-kappaB activation after challenge with bifidobacteria or after bacterial pre-treatment following LPS challenge. IL-8 protein and pro-inflammatory gene expression was investigated using normal HT-29 cells. RESULTS: None of the bifidobacteria tested induced activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) indicating that bifidobacteria themselves do not induce inflammatory events in IECs. However, six out of eight bifidobacteria tested inhibited lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced NF-kappaB activation in a dose- and strain-dependent manner. In contrast, NF-kappaB activation in response to challenge with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was affected by none of the tested bifidobacteria, indicating that the inhibitory effect of bifidobacteria is specific for LPS-induced inflammation in IECs. As shown with two of the six inhibition-positive bifidobacteria, LPS-induced inhibition of NF-kappaB activation was accompanied by a dose-dependent decrease of interleukin 8 (IL-8) secretion and by lower mRNA levels for IL-8, TNF-alpha, cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox-2), and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). CONCLUSION: Some strains of bifidobacteria are effective in inhibiting LPS-induced inflammation and thus might be appropriate candidates for probiotic intervention in chronic intestinal inflammation.

Bifidobacterium↗
PubMed2004

Yogurt and gut function.

In recent years, numerous studies have been published on the health effects of yogurt and the bacterial cultures used in the production of yogurt. In the United States, these lactic acid-producing bacteria (LAB) include Lactobacillus and Streptococcus species. The benefits of yogurt and LAB on gastrointestinal health have been investigated in animal models and, occasionally, in human subjects. Some studies using yogurt, individual LAB species, or both showed promising health benefits for certain gastrointestinal conditions, including lactose intolerance, constipation, diarrheal diseases, colon cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, Helicobacter pylori infection, and allergies. Patients with any of these conditions could possibly benefit from the consumption of yogurt. The benefits of yogurt consumption to gastrointestinal function are most likely due to effects mediated through the gut microflora, bowel transit, and enhancement of gastrointestinal innate and adaptive immune responses. Although substantial evidence currently exists to support a beneficial effect of yogurt consumption on gastrointestinal health, there is inconsistency in reported results, which may be due to differences in the strains of LAB used, in routes of administration, or in investigational procedures or to the lack of objective definition of "gut health." Further well-designed, controlled human studies of adequate duration are needed to confirm or extend these findings.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Vitamin E and gene expression in immune cells.

Aging is associated with dysregulation of immune cells, particularly T cells. Previous studies indicated that vitamin E improves T cell function, in part by a direct effect on T cells. We studied gene expression profile of T cells to better understand the underlying mechanisms of aging- and vitamin E-induced changes in T cell function. Young and old C57BL mice were fed diets containing 30 (control) or 500 (E) ppm of vitamin E for 4 weeks. T cells were purified from splenocytes by negative selection using magnetic beads (anti-Mac-1 and anti-MHC class II), then cultured with media or stimulated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28. Gene expression profile was assessed using microarray analysis. Genes showing more than two-fold changes, P < 0.05 by ANOVA, and with at least one present call were selected. Aging had significant effects on genes involved in signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, and apoptosis pathways in T cells, while vitamin E had a significant effect on genes associated with the regulation of cell cycle.

Aging↗