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Biomedical subjects

O Zechner

Publications and source records attributed to O Zechner.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[The social infrastructure of patients with urinary calculi (author's transl)].

The social infrastructure was investigated in 379 patients with urinary stones. The rates of 50% for employees and 32% for old-age pensioners were surprisingly high. 16% of the patients were employed in jobs with hard manual labour. Only 9% of the patients went in for regular physical activity in their leisure. A significant increase in urinary excretion of calcium and uric acid (p - 0.01) and inorganic phosphate (p less than 0.001) was seen in connexion with increase in net income. On the other hand, urinary pH was lowest in the highest income group (p = 0.01). According to these findings an increased net income combined with a lack of physical exercise seems to enhance the risk of stone formation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Nutritional risk factors in urinary stone disease.

The relationships between eating and drinking habits, and serum as well as 24-hour urinary concentrations of calcium, inorganic phosphate uric acid and urinary pH were studied in 379 patient in whom stones form. The 24-hour urinary calcium excretion was found to be increased in patients who preferably eat animal proteins and farinaceous foods (p less than 0.1). Regarding drinking habits, urinary calcium and inorganic phosphate excretion was found to increase significantly as a function of alcohol ingestion (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.001, respectively). Similarly, an increased alcohol intake was found to be associated with higher serum uric acid concentrations (p less than 0.01). A significant increase in urinary pH was confined to patients preferably eating vegetables (p less than 0.005). The results of our study suggest alcohol consumption to be a potentiating factor for the risk of stone formation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Normocalcemic hyperparathyroidism.

10 patients with normocalcemic secondary hyperparathyroidism due to renal hypercalciuria and 1 patient with normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism are presented. The diagnostic criteria of both manifestations of disturbed calcium metabolism are outlined. Successful therapeutic approach depends on the exact discrimination between each form of normocalcemic hyperparathyroidism.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Oral purine loading in the routine diagnosis of patients with urinary calculi].

Oral purine loading: a diagnostic procedure in stone forming patients. 95 stone formers (83 patients with calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate, 12 patients with uric acid stones) and 10 healthy volunteers were given 2 g guanosine as an oral purine load. Calcium oxalate and caldium phosphate stone formers showed two different patterns of uric acid excretion after oral purine loading, correlating with different incidence of recurrent stone formation. Patients with uric acid lithiasis showed initially lower values of urate excretion, after oral purine load no difference of uric acid excretion compared to normal controls was seen.

Female↗
PubMed1980

Oral purine loading for evaluation of uric acid excretion in patients with urinary calculi.

We present a model for oral uric acid loading which may be used to study the relapsing tendency of stone-formers. The oral administration of 2 g of guanosine was associated with two different response patterns of urinary uric acid excretion in patients with urolithiasis. The two groups also had considerably different relapse rates. The relapsing tendency in the group with the comparatively decreased reaction of urate excretion was less pronounced than in the group with enhanced uric acid excretion after oral purine loading.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1979

[The evaluation of patients with urinary calculi discloses disturbances of metabolism in 75% of all cases (author's transl)].

The causes of, and physiopathological factors underlying the most common metabolic disorders implicated in the formation of renal stones are reviewed. These include hypercalciuria, hyperoxaluria, renal tubular acidosis, cystinuria and disturbances of purine metabolism. Apart from metabolic disorders the risk of stone formation is also influenced by a low inhibitor activity in urine. Though some aspects in the pathogenesis of urolithiasis remain uncertain, the exact knowlege of important aetiological factors of stone formation is the basis of correct treatment and the prevention of recurrence of urinary calculi.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1979

Calcitonin load in absorptive hypercalciuria type I.

The persistence of hypercalciuria (HCU), despite long-lasting calcium restriction in the diet in patients with absorptive HCU type I gives evidence of an additional endogenous source of calcium contributing to the pathogenesis of this disorder. The role of calcium mobilization from the bone is documented by the effective suppression of enhanced calcium mobilization from the bone, by means of calcitonin load in 5 patients with absorptive HCU type I and comparison with 7 normal controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[The role of urinary excretion of magnesium in patients with urolithiasis with special respect to recurrence rate of stone formation (author's transl)].

154 patients with urolithiasis and 24 normal controls were investigated for serum levels and urinary excretion of magnesium. No significant difference in urinary magnesium excretion could be found neither between stone forming patients and normal controls nor between patients with different types of stones. There was also no difference in serum concentrations of magnesium. A disturbance in excretion of magnesium in urine could not be related to increased recurrence rate of stone formation. According to these findings it is doubtful whether a disturbance in urinary excretion of magnesium plays an important role in stone formation. Therefore the determination of magnesium excretion can be neglected in the course of routine investigation of patients with urinary calculi.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Clinical aspects of cystinuria and its treatment by thiola (author's transl)].

Cystinuria is an inherited disorder of amino acid transport affecting the epithelial cells of the renal tubules and the gastro-intestinal tract. Treatment consists of the prophylaxis of recurrent urolithiasis, which is the clinical manifestation of the disease. Long-term treatment with alpha-mercapto-propionyl-glycine (MPG; Thiola) promises to be successful. 3 cytinuric patients with recurrent urolithiasis underwent treatment over a period of 6 months. Therapy was controlled by regular follow-up investigations of the urinary excretion and serum levels of cystine and di-basic amino acids. The results did not indicate any permanent decrease in cystine excretion. No recurrence of renal calculi was observed. The possibility is discussed of a direkt mechanism of action of the drug on the metabolism of the involved amino acids.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1975

[The conservative treatment of phosphate calculi by citrate buffer (author's transl)].

3 patients with U-tube pyelonephrostomy were treated conservatively for multiple struvite (triple phosphate) stones in the kidney by means of constant irrigation with citrate buffer (pH 4.8). Complete dissolution of the stones was achieved in 2 patients. Conservative therapy was unsuccessful in the third case in view of narrowing of the renal calyces. Combined therapy by means of direct irrigation and oral chemotherapy is recommended.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Experiences with continuous intraarterial administration of recombinant interferon alpha-2C (rIFN-alpha 2) for treatment of patients with advanced transitional cell bladder cancer.

The response of locally-advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder to intraarterial regional treatment with recombinant interferon alpha-2C (rIFN-alpha 2) was investigated. Patients received 4-weekly courses of i.a. continuous infusion of rIFN-alpha 2 (5 megaunits/24 hours administered into the a. iliaca interna via a subcutaneously implanted port-a-cath) alternating with 4 weeks i.m. treatment cycles (5 megaunits/day x 3 weekly). None of the 5 patients entered in the study showed evidence of objective tumor regression after a median of 4 i.a./i.m. treatment cycles. Constitutional, organ and local toxic effects were considerable even with that low-dosage schedule employed. The lack of efficacy and poor tolerance of the regimen suggest that i.a. administration of IFN is unlikely to yield an acceptable therapeutic index.

Aged↗