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Biomedical subjects

O Westphal

Publications and source records attributed to O Westphal.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[The significance of immunology for man--intervention and change].

Classical immunological research has been mainly devoted to natural defense mechanisms against infections and to the development and action of vaccines. With the discovery of immune tolerance and following investigations on transplantation immunity, the concept of the immune response was generalized as the higher animal's ability to discriminate between "self" and "notself". Since then research has concentrated on cells and their products involved in these immune phenomena. Application of the vast knowledge in the field of modern immunology should aid greatly in the solution of many actual clinical problems and in alleviating public health hazards (parasitology, etc.) in the Third World.

Humans↗
PubMed1975

Immunological responses to Salmonella R antigens. The bacterial cell and the protein edestin as carriers for R oligosaccharide determinants.

Responses in rabbits to heat-killed Salmonella minnesota R mutants (chemotypes Ra, Rc and Re) were heterogeneous with respect to the amounts and specific haemagglutinin activities (SHAA) of IgM and IgG antibodies produced to each mutant. Amounts of antibodies in IgM and IgG fractions of sera were determined by quantitative precipitation. For comparison, antibodies were also isolated using an R oligosaccharide-specific immunoadsorbent and quantitated spectrophotometrically. SHAA (haemagglutinating units/mg antibody) of IgG antibodies were similar for all three mutants. In contrast, the Ra mutant induced IgM antibodies with the highest SHAA, while the Re mutant induced IgM antibodies 10-fold lower in activity. The ratio of the amount of IgM/IgG produced was approximately 1/1 for both the Ra and the Rc mutants, while the ratio for the Re mutant was about 1/2. Salmonella R oligosaccharide-protein conjugates (chemotypes Rb2, Rc and Re) were prepared, and the responses to these antigens were compared with those to the heat-killed mutants. The conjugates were specific for the given chemotype, and they were strongly immunogenic when incorporated into Freund's complete adjuvant and administered intramuscularly. Haemagglutinin titres were relatively high, but amounts of antibodies were considerably reduced when the conjugates were administered intravenously without adjuvant. Rabbits immunized with the conjugates in the same manner as with heat-killed R mutants produced predominantly IgM responses in all three cases.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1973

Pyrogenicity and immunogenicity of lipid A complexed with bovine serum albumin or human serum albumin.

The lipid A component of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (endotoxins), when complexed to bovine serum albumin (BSA) or human serum albumin (HSA), was shown to be a potent pyrogen. Furthermore, rabbits could be protected against endotoxin fever by immunization with both lipid A.BSA and lipid A.HSA complexes. The results presented in this paper show that lipid A is responsible for the pyrogenic activity of endotoxins and their ability to induce pyrogenic immunity.

Animals↗