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Biomedical subjects

O Watanabe

Publications and source records attributed to O Watanabe.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

The physicochemical nature and biological function of extrapancreatic immunoreactive glucagon.

The physicochemical nature and biological function of extrapancreatic immunoreactive glucagon in the plasma of totally pancreatectomized dogs were studied. The experimental animals were divided into two groups. Group A received only total pancreatectomy while group B had total pancreatectomy plus total gastrectomy. The blood was taken from both groups of dogs and glucagon was extracted using acid alcohol. The amount of IRG contained in the plasma extract was measured and the glycogenolytic activity of the plasma extract was studied using a rat-liver perfusion. The plasma extract from group A showed almost the same glycogenolytic activity as a commercial beef-pork glucagon but the plasma extract from group B manifested no glycogenolytic activity. The plasma from both groups were fractionated using column chromatography and their physicochemical nature was compared. The IRG in the plasma from group A was fractionated into 3 types, molecular weight 9000, 7000 and 3500, while the IRG in the plasma from group B was found to be of M.W. 9000 and 7000. These results lead to the following conclusions: 1) Extrapancreatic IRG in the plasma is fractionated into three types. 2) The glycogenolytic activity of extrapancreatic IRG is assumed to depend on the IRG fraction of molecular weight 3500. 3) Most of the extrapancreatic IRG fraction of M.W. 3500 originates in the stomach.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[A study on midecamycin granules in acute respiratory diseases in infants (author's transl)].

We have undertaken some basic and clinical studies on midecamycin granules with following results: 1) After ingesting of 4 g of midecamycin granules, peak blood levels (1.51 microgram/ml on an average) appeared at one hour in infants, detectable amount lasting for 6 hours. 2) Urinary excretion within 6 hours ranged from 1.1 to 2.7% of the drug dosed. 3) In the treatment of a total of 19 acute cases, consisting of 9 cases of tonsillitis, 7 cases of lacunar tonsillitis and 3 cases of bronchitis, midecamycin was found effective in 79% of the cases. 4) In all the 3 cases of pneumonia due to Mycoplasma, response to midecamycin was assessed as excellent. 5) Hepatic and renal functions tests performed in cases treated with the drug for a prolonged period (40 approximately 50 mg/kg for 13 approximately 18 days) revealed no undesirable effect, indicating that midecamycin can be administered continuously to younger infants with infections.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

[Further study on gentamicin in pediatrics (author's transl)].

Gentamicin (GM) was intramuscularly injected to 16 children with various infectious disease (1 septicemia, 1 purulent meningitis, 4 bronchopneumonia, 1 pyothorax, 3 pyelonephritis, 2 acute cystitis and 4 RITTER'S dermatitis). The results obtained are as follows: 1. The excellent and good clinical results were noted in all patients except for an indeterminate case with bronchopneumonia because of the concomitant therapy with CEZ. The effective rate was 100.0%. This was possibly because of quite high susceptibility (See Article) of all isolates to gentamicin. 2. Doses of GM were adjusted depending on the style of infectious diseases. The satisfactory clinical results were obtained in some cases by increasing its recommended dosage to about 5-8 mg per kg per day. 3. No kidney dysfunction, liver dysfunction, the 8th cranial nerve damage, etc. were observed by administering 5 to 8 mg per kg per day for at maximum 18 days, in this clinical trial. 4. It has been indicated in this clinical trial that GM is worthy to be used as a first-choice drug in chemotherapy of infectious diseases caused by Staphylococcus, gram-negative bacillus, etc., especially in patients who are hypersensitive to penicillin and cephalosporin derivatives. However, further study would be required for the safety of increase in its dosage and duration of administration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Inhibition of renal tubular transport of methotrexate by probenecid.

The mechanism of excretion of methotrexate (MTX) has been investigated in the monkey. Under steady-state conditions of varied plasma levels of MTX, it was determined that MTX was excreted by renal tubular transport as well as by glomerular filtration. The maximum rate of renal tubular transport of MTX (81 mug/min) was attained at plasma levels of MTX from 6 to 8 mug/ml. Correspondingly, the rate of clearance of MTX from plasma was shown to diminish from a value that was 3-fold greater than the glomerular filtration rate at plasma levels of MTX from 6 to 32 mug/ml. Pretreatment of animals with probenecid (700 mg/sq m) totally inhibited renal tubular transport of MTX when MTX was administered in doses from 1.8 to 621 mg/sq m. Following inhibition of renal tubular transport of MTX by probenecid, steady-state plasma levels of MTX in animals pretreated with probenecid (700 mg/sq m) was reduced by a factor of 2.6 from values determined in non-probenecid-pretreated control animals receiving similar varied doses of MTX (1.8 P to greater than 600 mg/sq m). The mode of i.v. injection of MTX was seen to effect the concentration of MTX in plasma. Initial loading followed by continuous sustaining infusion of MTX provided stable and higher levels of MTX in plasma than was determined in controls or in experimental animals pretreated with probenecid and receiving identical doses of MTX by single bolus injection.

Aminohippuric Acids↗