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Biomedical subjects

O Visioli

Publications and source records attributed to O Visioli.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Exercise testing in coronary artery disease with ST-segment abnormalities at rest.

In order to assess the diagnostic value of stress testing in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and ST abnormalities at rest, the results of a bicycle ergometer exercise, were compared in two groups of patients. Group 1 was composed of 58 CAD patients with normal resting ECG; group 2 was composed of 115 CAD subjects with abnormal ECG at rest. The latter group was then divided into three subgroups according to the absence (2a) or the presence (2b) of previous transmural myocardia infarction, or of previous transmural infarction with ST segment elevation at rest (3c). According to conventional exercise ECG criteria, the test was positive in 81% of group 1 and nearly in all the patients of group 2. In group 2 the prevalence of exercise-chest pain was constantly lower, particularly in subgroup 3c, in comparison with group 2. A greater prevalence of chest pain together with a greater severity of Gensini index were found in the subjects with positive exercise ECG in leads different from the impaired ones at rest. The diagnostic value of exercise ischemic changes location and of chest pain appearance, in patients with ST abnormalities at rest, is emphasized.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1979

Bioavailability and related heart function index of digoxin capsules and tablets in cardiac patients.

A loading dose of digoxin (750 microgram) in two commercial formulations was administered to 14 patients with heart disease according to a crossover design. One formulation consisted of soft gelatin capsules containing a solution of digoxin; the other formulation was compressed tablets. All parameters investigated, i.e., serum peak height, time of the peak, area under the serum level--time curve (AUC), and area above the Q--S2I (electromechanical systole) decrease (obtained from polycardiographic evaluation), showed better bioavailability of digoxin capsules than tablets, averaging 36.3%. The better bioavailability of digoxin capsules than tablets seems to be more evident in heart disease patients than that encountered previously in healthy subjects. The AUC and the area above the Q-S2I decrease were linearly correlated only with digoxin capsules.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Effect of ergometrine on contractile force of guinea-pig isolated heart: antagonism by cimetidine.

The action of ergometrine on contractile force of guinea-pig isolated heart was investigated and the effect of receptor antagonists on the inotropic effect of ergometrine, isoproterenol, dopamine and histamine was evaluated. Ergometrine was found to have a good dose-dependent inotropic effect and the antagonism of cimetidine toward this action is reported. Experiments carried out in hearts in which a massive depletion of mast-cells histamine was produced are in favour of a direct action of the drug on H2-receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Alternation of partial and total atrial standstill.

A forty-five year old man with longstanding rheumatic heart disease whose surface electrocardiogram (ECG) showed absent P waves and two alternating QRS complex rhythms, one regular and the other irregular, was submitted to electrophysiological studies. For regular QRS complex rhythm these studies revealed (1) presence of total and bilateral atrial standstill and (2) regular ventricular rhythm originating in the A-V junction; while for irregular QRS complex rhythm the studies showed (1) presence of atrial standstill in the area of the upper right atrium, and (2) a +/- 150/min atrial activity rate in the intracavitary and esophageal electrogram and a +/- 300/min rate in the epicardial mapping. The spread of conduction of this atrial activity indicates that it originated within an atrial area near the tricuspid valve. The presence of an alternating partial and total atrial standstill is a unique feature which to data has not been reported in the literature.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of five different stress testing methods in the ECG diagnosis of coronary artery disease. Correlation with coronary arteriography.

Five different stress testing methods: bicycle ergometer exercise (BE), treadmill exercise (TD), isoproterenol infusion test (IPN), dopamine infusion test (DPM), and atrial pacing (AP), were performed on 90 male patients who underwent coronary arteriography. Ischemic S-T segment depression of 1.0 mm or greater was used as the criterion for a positive test. Within the group of 56 subjects having significant coronary artery disease (CAD) the diagnostic sensitivity of the single tests was as follows: 64.3% for BE, 66.1% for TD, 69.6% for IPN, 41.1% for DPM, 75.0% for AP. For the 34 subjects with no CAD the folowing specificity was found: 88.2% for BE and for TD, 82.3% for IPN, 85.3% for DPM, 63.8% for AP. When the results of the different tests were combined, it was seen that the association of an ergometric test with IPN enhanced the sensitivity of the exercise test (p less than 0.05) without significantly decreasing the specificity.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Influence of contrast media osmolality on isolated rabbit heart performance.

A low osmolality contrast medium (Iopamidol) caused less cardiac disturbance on isolated rabbit heart than a high osmolality medium (Urografin). The same effects were induced by glucose solutions iso-osmolal with the two media. After perfusion with Propranolol (1 microgram/ml) and Cimetidine (1 microgram/ml) the observed effect was unaltered.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Different prognostic value of exercise electrocardiogram in men and women.

In 1,455 subjects (947 men and 508 women) who underwent a bicycle ergometer stress test for evaluation of atypical chest pain, the incidence of coronary events (definite myocardial infarction or sudden death) was assessed by the life table method. The follow-up period ranged from 3 to 7 years (mean 5.2 years). In men with positive exercise test (ischemic ST depression greater than or equal to 1 mm), the 5-year incidence of coronary events was 18.3%, compared with 1.9% in negative responders. In women with positive response, the 5-year incidence of coronary events was 4.6%; in negative responders, it was 0.3%. The poor predictive value of ischemic ST responses to exercise in women is emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Etiopathogenetic differences and therapeutic possibillities of the carotid sinus syndrome. Report of two rare cases (author's transl)].

Two cases of carotid sinus syndrome with peculiar clinical and nosological characteristics are presented. The clinical symptoms were characterized by syncope with bradicardia and hypotension, which occurred contemporarily or independently of each other. The most valuable medical therapy to prevent or got over the syncopal attacks has proved to be one associating the sympathicomimetic drugs (high dosage dopamine, particularly on demande pacemaker. Complete decrease of symptoms following was obtained only after surgical treatment: denervation of carotid sinus in one case, intracranical section of the glosspharyngeal nerve and of the two vagal termination nearer to IX in the other case. This last result makes it possible to consider the case in question from an original nosological point of view exploiting the pathogenetic importance of stimulating the afferent nerve-fibres of the glossofaryngeal-nerve.

Bradycardia↗
PubMed1978

Dynamic ventriculography with K-strophantin.

Dynamic ventriculography, before and after K-strophantin, was performed in 14 patients with coronary artery disease. Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of hemodynamic and angiographic data has been assessed. Digitalis was found to have different action on asynergic areas--that is improvement in some areas and worsening in others--and little or no action on normokynetic areas. After administration of K-strophantin (0.008 mg/kg), 54% of the examined asynergic zones improved their segmental systolic shortening while 34% worsened or appeared diskynetic. Improvement of asynergic zones could be related to the presence of viable myocardium, while paradoxical systolic motion would suggest the presence of frank fibrosis. Therefore 2 different behaviors of global ventricular function were observed in CAD patients. When ventricular function improves, the values of ejection fraction at midejection show that the improvement is obtained mostly in the first half of ejection. Since heart rate was fixed, enddiastolic volume unchanged and left ventricular systolic pressure increased, it seems likely that the observed changes could be due to a direct inotropic effect of K-strophantin. The author's opinion is that 'strophantin test' could be useful to test whether ventricular function would be enhanced using maintenance digitalis therapy in CAD patients and to determine residual contractile reserve; in addition potential worsening of ejection fraction can be elicited and then a more complete pattern of ventricular function can be provided.

Cardiac Output↗