Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to O V Bukharin.
Medicinal plants effect on antilysozyme activity of E. coli, Klebsiella, S. aureus, Candida, Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides, Clostridium was evaluated in vitro. It was demonstrated that the effects differed substancially according to the microorganism taxonomy. The experimental data on the plants inhibitory activity may be used for elaboration of effective regimes of infections and disbiosis treatment.
A procedure has been developed to detect antilysozymatic activity n L forms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT). A mode of predicting the course of a tuberculosis process in the lungs by the degree of antilysozymatic activity of MBT is outlined. Thus, when the level is 4 micrograms/ml or higher, progression or exacerbation of tuberculosis is predicted, when that of 0-3 micrograms/ml, a good prognosis is expected.
Microflora from surgical infection foci of soft tissues was studied in 92 patients with local, 78 patients with spread and 10 patients with generalized forms of pyo-inflammatory processes. Increase of bacterial contamination of surgical infection foci, more frequent detection of gram-negative bacteria, associations of microorganisms, high antibiotics resistance and persistent characteristics of bacteria in spread and generalized forms of surgical infections were found. Increase of persistent potential of infective agents is significant for prolongation of the disease and generalization of infectious process.
The focal microflora of pyo-inflammatory processes has been studied in dynamics in 200 patients with diabetes mellitus. It was found that a longer and more severe course was due to the changed specific composition of causative agents and to the increased specific diversity of the latter in the process of pyo-inflammatory progressing. It was established that the usage of the method of "close" wound management with the application of oxytocin inhibited the change of the causative agents in the course of the disease, led to a more rapid elimination of microorganisms from the pyo-inflammatory focus, to the less frequency of recurrent surgical interventions and shorter duration of courses of treatment in contrast to the results obtained with the other methods of treatment.
The effects of cell extracts and supernatants of Lactobacillus spp. and Corynebacterium spp. on catalase activity and growth of Staphylococcus aureus 6538 P were studied. Intra- and extracellular metabolites of lactobacilli and corynebacteria inhibited catalase activity of S. aureus 6538 P. The growth of S. aureus 6538 P decreased after incubation with lactobacillus metabolites. The inhibitory effect of intra- and extracellular metabolites of lactobacilli and corynebacteria on catalase activity of S. aureus is a possible pathway of microbial interrelations responsible for the formation and/or development of microbial biocenoses.
Intercide is a cationic protein with the molecular weight of 11.0-11.5 kD from human leukocytes. The in vitro effect of its different concentrations (0.6 to 1.8 mg/ml) on populations of Escherichia coli M17 and K12 and 120 E.coli isolates from various sources such as water, feces of healthy humans and patients with extraintestinal escherichiosis was studied. The experiments with the bacterial suspensions and broth cultures demonstrated that Intercide had an antibacterial action on both the stationary and growing cells. However, some strains of E.coli were resistant to the lethal effect of Intercide. It was observed for the first time that in a concentration of 1.8 mg/ml Intercide was able to stimulate the biomass growth of some E.coli strains in broth culture. The factor analysis showed that the Intercide stimulating effect was more often evident with respect to extraintestinal escherichiosis pathogens with high anti-Intercide and antilysozyme activities.
This paper gives an original classification of persistent bacterial mechanisms, that is based on the protection (isolation) of peptidoglycan, by recognizing the host immune system. The classification includes a bacterial cell wall screening and production of secreted agents, inactivating host defense, as well as antigenic mimicry, and bacterial wall-free formations (L forms). A group of novel bacterial secreted agents by suppressing host defense is described.
The role of hypothalamic nonapeptides in the interaction of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells was studied in the experimental setting. Nonapeptides were found to stimulate the adaptive and regenerative properties of eukaryotic cells and they are likely to have an antimicrobic effect on prokaryotic ones. The paper discusses the modulating role of nonapeptides in the establishment of symbiotic relations in the bacterial agent-host system.
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Virulent and persistent characteristics of staphylococci isolated from 100 patients with various types of course of the abscessed forms of postinjection suppuration were defined. Comparative analysis of 11 biological characteristics of the microorganisms was carried out. An important role of the complex of properties of Staphylococcus aureus was established, including lysozyme, proteolytic, fibrinolytic activities, ability for inactivation of immunoglobulins through their Fc-receptors' binding to protein A, antilysozyme, "antiinterferon", anticomplement activities in determination of protracted character of festering and inframmatory process initiated by them. The model for prognosis of the course of postinjection abscesses was developed with the help of discriminant analysis, being based on the analysis of the informative properties of the pathogen.
A new selective medium with fusidine for isolation of persistent staphylococci is developed and tried. The medium can be used for detecting the agent (staphylococcus) in mixed microflora in infectious diseases, in screenings for resident Staphylococcus carriership, in bioindication of air contamination, for predicting the course and for monitoring rational therapy of pyoinflammatory diseases in humans and animals in medicine and veterinary.
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The study of the relationship of biological characteristics of staphylococci initiating the inflammation with features of clinical course of maxillary sinusitis has found that staphylococci with virulent characteristics determine acute course of the disease whereas the strains with persistent properties cause chronic course of maxillary sinusitis. Clinical isolates from the purulent discharge and the strains vegetating on the mucosa of the anterior part of the nose appeared identical.
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The persistent properties of the intestinal microflora as a mechanism of adaptation to the host's antimicrobial factors are substantiated. The results of determination of antilysozyme and anticomplementary activities and the inactivating abilities of the bactericidal component of interferon in enteric bacteria isolated in intestinal dysbacteriosis are outlined. Changes were found in the population structure of the Escherichia flora in relation to the severity of dysbacteriosis and a high prevalence of persistent signs were revealed in enteric bacteria. There was a correlation between the persistent signs of bacteria and the severity of intestinal microbiocenotic abnormalities. The factors of microbial persistence are proposed to be used as markers of a dysbiotic process.
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An analysis of results of treatment of 100 patients with postinjectional abscesses (PA) has shown their tendency to continuous inflammation in (23.9 +/- 5.4)% of the cases. Under condition of long duration of PA microorganisms of Staphylococcus aureus species have been isolated which possess 2-6 times greater capacity for inactivating the natural antiinfectious resistance factors: lysozyme, complement, immunoglobulins, bacterial component of the interferon. The inclusion of oxytocin preparation into the scheme of treatment which inhibits manifestations of antilysozymal activity of staphylococci allowed the frequency of prolonged unfavourable periods of PA to be reduced to 10.9%.