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Biomedical subjects

O Tanizawa

Publications and source records attributed to O Tanizawa.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Serial changes in thyroid-stimulating antibody and thyrotropin binding inhibitor immunoglobulin at the time of postpartum occurrence of thyrotoxicosis in Graves' disease.

Thyroid-stimulating antibody (TSAb) and TSH binding inhibitor immunoglobulin (TBII) were measured serially in 10 patients with Graves' disease at the time of postpartum onset (n = 2) or relapse (n = 8) of Graves' thyrotoxicosis and in 5 patients with Graves' disease who were in remission and had no postpartum relapse of Graves' thyrotoxicosis. TSAb was measured by a sensitive cAMP accumulation assay using FRTL-5 cells, and TBII was determined by radioreceptor assay. In no patient with either recurrent or new onset postpartum hyperthyroidism did the serum free T3 index (FT3I) rise before the free T4 index (FT4I). Of the 10 patients who had postpartum thyrotoxicosis, concomitant increases in serum FT4I and FT3I, and TSAb and TBII were observed in only 1 patient. Increases in TSAb and TBII after those in FT4I and FT3I occurred in 6 patients. In 1 patient, an increase in TBII was associated with the occurrence of thyrotoxicosis, but TSAb increased 1 month later. In the other 2 patients, a TSAb increase was followed by the development of thyrotoxicosis, but TBII increased later. In 3 of these 10 patients, the increased serum FT4I and FT3I values decreased spontaneously, whereas the TSAb and TBII levels increased continuously. No positive test or increase in TSAb or TBII was found in the 5 patients with Graves' disease who did not have a postpartum relapse of thyrotoxicosis. These data indicate that postpartum initiation of Graves' thyrotoxicosis is not always associated with an increase in circulating anti-TSH receptor antibodies and that such parameters are poor indicators of thyroid function. Intrathyroidal humoral or cell-mediated immunological mechanisms may also be involved in mediating thyrotoxicosis in Graves' disease.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1987

Absence of effect of estrogen on dopamine, norepinephrine and beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity in human plasma.

The plasma concentrations of immunoreactive norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), beta-endorphin (beta-E), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were determined by RIA and HPLC every 6 h until 72 h after iv administration of conjugated estrogens during the midfollicular phase. The LH level showed a biphasic pattern after the injection of conjugated estrogens, i.e. significant suppression (-50%) for 6-42 h after the injection, followed by a rebound increase with a peak (+85%) at 72 h. The plasma levels of immunoreactive beta-E, NE and DA did not change significantly for 72 h after the injection.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Substance P stimulates gonadotropin-releasing hormone release from rat hypothalamus in vitro with involvement of oestrogen.

The effects of substance P on the release of LH and GnRH were examined in a sequential double-chamber perifusion system by perfusing the medio-basal hypothalamus and/or pituitary excised from normal female rats in dioestrus or ovariectomized rats. When the medio-basal hypothalamus and pituitary from normal rats were perifused in series with substance P (10(-6) mol/l), the concentration of LH in the efflux was significantly (P less than 0.05) increased by 70-120% compared with that before the injection, but substance P had no effect on LH release from the pituitary perifused alone. This LH release by substance P increased in a dose-dependent manner and was blocked by substance P antagonist. Administration of 10(-6) mol/l substance P induced a significant release (40-80% increase, P less than 0.05) of GnRH from the medio-basal hypothalamus. Infusion of 10(-6) mol/l substance P induced significant release (50-100% increase, P less than 0.05) of LH and GnRH in ovariectomized rats with an implanted oestradiol capsule, but caused no significant increase in LH release in ovariectomized rats without an oestradiol capsule. Progesterone injection to both ovariectomized rats and ovariectomized rats with an implanted oestradiol capsule had no significant effect on the response of LH to substance P. These findings suggest that substance P induces GnRH release from the medio-basal hypothalamus, resulting in LH release from the pituitary, and that oestrogen may be involved in these processes.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Changes in concentration of human atrial natriuretic peptide in normal pregnancy and toxaemia.

Changes in concentration of human atrial natriuretic peptide (hANP) in normal and toxaemic pregnancy were examined. The maternal plasma concentration of hANP increased gradually during normal pregnancy to a maximum of 20.0 +/- 2.4 pmol/l (mean +/- S.E.M.) after week 36 of pregnancy. From week 20, the plasma concentrations of hANP were significantly higher than those in non-pregnant women (9.3 +/- 2.0 pmol/l). In toxaemia with hypertension, maternal plasma hANP levels were increased after week 26 of pregnancy (37.7 +/- 6.0 pmol/l) compared with those in normal gravida at the same time (17.1 +/- 1.6 pmol/l). Maternal plasma hANP levels in toxaemia only with oedema were not different from those in normal gravida.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

New human papillomavirus sequences in female genital tumors from Japanese patients.

Tissues from 52 cervical carcinomas, 15 cervical intraepithelial neoplasias III (CINs III), and 3 vulvar carcinomas were examined for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) sequences by Southern blot hybridization with HPV 16 or 18 DNA as the probe. HPV 16 or 18 DNA was detected in only 17 cervical carcinomas (33%), 5 CINs III (33%), and 1 vulvar carcinoma (33%). These frequencies are lower than those reported by others. However, new, as yet unidentified, HPVs were also detected at rather high frequency under less stringent conditions of hybridization using HPV 16 and 18 DNAs as probes. These HPVs did not hybridize with HPV 6, 11, 16, or 18 under stringent conditions, and were different from two other known types of genital tumor-associated HPVs, HPV 31 and HPV 33, judging from the patterns of their restriction enzyme digests. The total frequencies of HPV sequences were 48% (25/52) for cervical carcinomas, 53% (8/15) for CINs III, and 67% (2/3) for vulvar carcinomas.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[The clinical value of sialyl SSEA-1 antigen in patients with gynecologic tumors].

In order to estimate the clinical significance of sialyl SSEA-1 antigen, the antigen was measured with an "FH-6" Otsuka Kit in sera from patients with various gynecologic tumors. Among the patients with uterine malignancies and benign ovarian tumors, the incidence of elevated sialyl SSEA-1 antigen levels was very low. However, among the patients with ovarian malignancies, serum sialyl SSEA-1 antigen was significantly increased in the following order: clinical stage I (40%), stage II (67%) and stage III (75%). The serum antigen values were also correlated with the effect of treatment. In addition, high antigen values were also observed in all 14 malignant ovarian cyst fluids tested. The immunohistochemical localization of sialyl SSEA-1 antigen was determined by an immunoperoxidase method using FH-6 monoclonal antibody. A weak positive reaction was observed in normal glands of female genital tracts. However, the intense staining was shown on the mocus materials or on the luminal surface of some malignant glands as well as in the cytoplasm of some adenocarcinoma cells of gynecologic malignancies, although there were few positive cases or positive cells. Thus, sialyl SSEA-1 antigen appears to be a useful marker in the diagnosis of ovarian malignancies.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Decrease of free thyroxin in serum of lactating women.

We measured thyroid hormones and thyroxin-binding proteins in serum from 62 normal lactating and 52 nonlactating women at three months postpartum, and compared these values with those for 42 nonpregnant control women of similar age. Mean thyroxin concentrations in the lactating and nonlactating women were significantly (P less than 0.001) lower than that of the nonpregnant controls, but there was no significant difference (P greater than 0.2) in triiodothyronine concentration among these three groups. Free T4 concentration was significantly (P less than 0.01) lower in lactating women than in controls. The reverse-T3 concentrations in both lactating and nonlactating women were significantly (P less than 0.001) lower than in controls, and were significantly (P less than 0.001) lower in lactating than in nonlactating women. The concentration of thyroxin-binding globulin was significantly higher in lactating women than in controls, and the albumin concentration was significantly lower in women postpartum than in controls. Evidently, regulation of thyroid hormone in women postpartum, especially during lactation, differs from that in nonpregnant women.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[ELISA for antisperm antibodies in unexplained infertile women].

It is commonly believed that autoimmune or isoimmune responses to human sperm antigens are associated with human infertility. We examined an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit used in the detection of antisperm antibodies in the sera of women with unexplained infertility. 1) For the ELISA assay, an absorbance at 405nm greater than 0.300 was considered positive. Of the 83 sera of infertile women studied, 20(24.1%) were positive. This value was significantly higher than that of the control group: 10% of pregnant women, 11.1% of unmarried women and 10% of healthy men (p less than 0.05). 2) The results obtained with ELISA were compared with those of the sperm immobilization test. Comparison of the results of ELISA with those of the sperm immobilization test indicated that these methods detect a different, though often overlapping, spectrum of antibody activity. 3) The results obtained with ELISA did not always correlate with those of the Huhner test. However the ELISA method may be useful in the clinical screening of antisperm antibodies because of its simplicity and rapidity.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Recovery of reproductive function in patients with anorexia nervosa: a 10-year follow-up study.

The recoveries of reproductive function and body weight of 21 patients with anorexia nervosa were studied in a 10-yr period from the time of their first presentation. The recovery rates of both menstruation and eating behavior were 81.0%, although at the end of the study period the rate of amenorrhea (19.0%) was still higher than that (6%) in women in the general population. The change of mean body weight in patients in whom regular menstruation was restored was not significantly different from that of patients in whom amenorrhea persisted. Of the patients, 16 married after treatment and 14 of these (87.5%) became pregnant after spontaneous (11 patients) or induced (3 patients) ovulation, and 12 delivered a baby. The present study suggests that resumption of regular menstruation may not depend only upon body weight gain, and that most patients may be able to have a child after appropriate treatments.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Treatment of prolactinoma based on the results of transsphenoidal operations.

Ninety-eight patients (16 male, 82 female) with prolactinomas were treated by transsphenoidal operation. The postoperative course was closely related to the tumor size and the preoperative levels of serum prolactin. In 37 (74%) of 50 patients with microadenomas, the levels of serum prolactin returned to normal postoperatively. There were 48 patients with macroadenomas; 27 of these were expansive and 21 were invasive. In 9 (33%) of the 27 patients with expansive macroadenomas, the postoperative levels of prolactin returned to normal; this was not the case in any of the 21 patients with invasive macroadenomas. Of 81 premenopausal women, 35 (43%) resumed normal menstruation postoperatively. All patients with preoperative deficits in the visual field experienced postoperative improvement. There were no postoperative deaths or serious complications in this series. Our data indicate that microprolactinomas are highly curable by transsphenoidal operation alone. In women who plan to have children, prolactinomas should be removed immediately. On the other hand, in patients with macroprolactinomas who manifest high levels of serum prolactin, initial treatment with bromocriptine should be considered because there is little hope for surgical cure and postoperative bromocriptine treatment might be necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Clinical significance of argyrophilia in endometrial carcinomas.

The clinical significance of argyrophilia in endometrial carcinomas was studied in 187 patients with the endometrioid form of adenocarcinoma. Argyrophil cells were tentatively subgrouped into two types: type I cells resembling the enterochromaffin cells and type II cells loaded with argyrophil granules in the apical portion or throughout the cytoplasm. The patients with endometrial carcinoma containing argyrophil cells were associated more frequently with hypertension and diabetes mellitus than those with usual endometrial carcinoma. In grade 1 carcinomas, argyrophilia was parallel with the frequency of metastases to lymph nodes and with the degree of myometrial invasions. Also, a life table showed a worse survival rate in grade 1 carcinomas with argyrophilia, especially of type I, than in those without it. Although argyrophilia was considered to be at least one of the minor prognostic factors, further clinicopathologic studies are needed in relation to a more proper subtyping of argyrophil cells.

Adenocarcinoma↗